 WELCOME BACK!
 Please copy down your homework in
agenda
Homework: Rome worksheet due next
class
 Introduce Rome Unit/Essential Questions
 Roman Republic and Punic War Notes
 Ancient Rome Map Activity
 Rome Timeline Work
Essential Questions

Describe the social structure of Rome.

What is the difference between the Centuriate and
Tribal Assemblies?

What were the Twelve Tables?

What was the major result of the Punic Wars?
Roman Republic
 Greeks established 50 colonies
(settlements) in Italy
 These cities became busy with trade
 Brought Italy and Rome in closer
contact with Greece
 Greeks taught Romans how to grow
grapes and olives
The Alps and the Mediterranean Sea
provided protection for Rome
 According
to legend,
Rome was
founded by
Romulus
and Remus
(twin
brothers)
 As you read, highlight or underline the important
information about the beginnings of Rome!
 After you read… create a drawing or short poem
representing the myth on the back of the reading
 Rome was built on seven rolling hills at a
curve on the Tiber River
 This strategic location in the middle of the
Italian Peninsula gave Rome fertile soil.
 In the beginning 3 groups inhabited
Rome:
2. Greeks
1. Latins
3. Etruscans
 Native to Northern Italy
 They were skilled
metalworkers and engineers
 Strongly influenced Roman
civilization
 Patricians  rich landowners who inherited their power
and social status; held most of the power in Rome
 Plebeians commoners, artisans, and merchants who
made up the majority of the population; citizens who
could vote, could not hold important government
positions
 Slaves  captured peoples during the wars; made to
work on the latifundia, huge estates; were one-third of the
population
Patricians
Slaves
Plebeians
 Patricians and plebeians were both considered
citizens, however voting rights were granted only to
free-born male citizens
 Slaves in Rome were not considered citizens and had
no rights in the government
 Two Consuls 
 similar to kings, they commanded the army and directed
the government
 power was limited because their term was only one year
long and the a consul could not be re-elected for ten
years
 one consul could always override, or veto, the other’s
decisions
 Senate 300 members, chosen from the upper class of
Roman society, later plebeians were allowed in the
senate; membership was for life
 Centuriate Assembly all citizen-soldiers were
members; a patrician-controlled assembly appointed the
consuls and made laws; it had less power than the Senate
 Tribal Assembly  an assembly organized by the
plebeians; elected the tribunes and made laws for the
common people; later it won the right to make laws for
the republic
 Legal Code plebeians
forced the creation of a
written law code; the laws
were carved on twelve
tablets, or table and hung
in the Forum; the Twelve
Tables established the
idea that all free citizens
had a right to the
protection of the law
Label the following:
Mediterranean Sea
Black Sea
Tiber River
Europe
Asia
Africa
Color in the following:
Roman Republic- 265
BCE
Roman Empire- 117 CE
Then answer the following questions:
1. Why would the Mediterranean Sea have been important to
Rome?
2. What problems might occur from managing such a vast
empire?
 Please place homework in the bin with your name on
it!
 Complete warm-up #17
 Write down your homework…
 Review all notes from 1st semester!
The Punic Wars
Divided into
infantry and
cavalry
5,000 Soldiers
 Every citizen
had to serve for
10 years
Divided into smaller groups of 80
men called a century
Roman power
grew slowly and
steadily
Eventually
conquered all of
Italy
 Rome was lenient to the
people they conquered
 They were allowed to
be full citizens if they
lived on the Tiber
 Those who lived
further away had
citizenship but could
not vote.
Eventually Rome
and Carthage
began to fight
over trade in the
Mediterranean
Sea
They fought 3
battles
Fought over
Sicily for 23
years
Carthage
lost
This was
Rome’s first
province
 Carthage was led by
HANNIBAL a brilliant
general.
 He used 50,000 men,
9,000 cavalry and 60
elephants.
 To surprise Rome he
went through the Alps
 assembled an army of 50,000 infantry, 9,000 cavalry,
and 60 elephants with the intent of capturing Rome
 to surprise the Romans, Hannibal led his Carthaginian
army on a long trek from Spain across France and
through the Alps
 Killed during the Second Punic War
 Left the Carthage warriors with no
leader and led to their loss at Zama
 Roman general, Scipio, led the attack
 During the Third Punic War, Carthage was no longer a
threat to Rome, but Rome wanted to revenge all their
deaths in Italy during the First Punic War
 Romans set the city on fire and sold 50,000 citizens
into slavery
 Spread Greco-Roman culture
 conquered Greece & Macedonia
 Expanded trade
 Changed the character of the Roman army
 guard large territory
 Created great wealth
Timeline Activity
 You will be groups of 2 for this activity.
 You will be given small strips of events in early Roman
history.
 Using context clues and your knowledge of early Roman
history (from class and homework) to put these events in the
correct order starting with the oldest.
 When you think you’re done, ask a teacher to check. Make
adjustments until you are correct.
 When you have been told you are correct, you need to
create the timeline in your notebook!