WELCOME BACK!
Please turn your
syllabus in to the bin.
Write down your
homework.
Take out your book
scavenger hunt and
begin working!
Warm-Up:
• What is geography?
In your own words write down a
definition.
• List 5 examples of
Geography.
• How does geography
affect you?
Introduction to Geography
What is Geography?
• The study of the world,
the world’s people,
and places ---and the landscapes
they create
landscape – all human and
physical features that
make a place unique
How do we study Geography?
1. Geographers ask questions about how the world
works
~ make observations
~ take measurements
~ view data
Ex.) collect data about tornados and what
creates them or about mountains
and
how they form
* called GEOGRAPHY AS A SCIENCE
~ geographers act as scientists
How do we study Geography?
2. Geographers ask questions about people and their
lives
~ visit places = all over the world
~ talk to people about
- culture
- language
- relationship
- government
* called GEOGRAPHY AS A SOCIAL SCIENCE
How do we view the world?
How do we view the world?
1. Local Level
~ town
~ community
How do people live?
How/What do people
eat?
How do they get around?
Why?
How do we view the world?
2. Regional Level =
common features
that set the region apart
from the rest of the
area
~ physical
characteristics
ex.)
mountains
~ climate
ex.) desert
~ human characteristics
ex.)
~ all shapes and sizes
~ dividing the world
makes it easier to
study
~ easier to understand
when you are able to
compare one region to
another
How do we view the world?
3. Global Level
~ how people interact
globally
~ relationships
between
people far
apart
how
~ helps us figure out
our actions affect the
world
The World
World population map
Gross Domestic Product Map
Energy Consumption Map
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Child Mortality Map
People Living with HIV/AIDS
Total Spending on Healthcare
The World
GOOD MORNING!
Please take out your notes from
last night and leave them on
your desk.
Answer the warm-up Miss
Smith gave you at the door
Write down your homeworkRead pgs. 6-13, take Cornell
notes and process!
How do we Categorize Geography?
Two main Branches:
1. Physical Geography
2. Human Geography
1. Physical Geography
Physical geography = is the study of the world’s
features—its landforms, bodies of water, climates,
soils, and plants.
Do
WHY
•Know all about the
different features found
on Earth and what causes
them
•Learn how the world
works
•Take detailed
measurements
•Prepare for earth’s
changes
•Track changes over time
•Prepare for dangers
•Understand the world
1. Human Geography
Human Geography = is the study of the world’s
people, communities, and landscapes.
Do
•Study the world’s people,
past and present
•Research where people live
•Study what people do
WHY
•Help us to better
understand people of other
cultures
•Helping people understand
their landscapes
•Helping to improve city
planning and development
and protect the
environment
How do we Organize Geographic Studies?
5 Themes of Geography
1. Location
2. Place
3. Movement
4. Human-Environment
Interaction
5. Regions
How do we Organize Geographic Studies?
5 Themes of
Geography
1. Location
1. Place
3. Movement
4. Human-Environment
Interaction
5. Regions
How can I remember this?
1. Lets
1. Play
1. More
1. Hard
1. Rock
1. Location
• Where something is
• Every point on earth has a location
absolute location – is a specific description of
where a place is, such as an
address.
relative location – a general description of where
a place is
2. Place
• features define the area and make it unique
~ land
~ climate
~ people
3. Movement
• How and why people move
• People are always moving
• Geographers study roads and routes that are
commonly used
4. Human-Environment Interaction
• Humans affect their environments in many ways
environment – an area’s land, water, climate,
plants, and animals
How do people interact with their environment?
How are people affected by their environment?
5. Regions
• Geographers divide the world into regions
• WHY?
~ to make it easier to study
~ compare and contrast one place from another
What do we use to study Geography?
Map – flat drawing that
shows the earth’s
surface
• Distorted to fit on
flat surface (area,
shape, distance,
direction)
Globe – spherical model
of the earth
• More accurate than
map
Maps Projections
• Mercator - ship
navigation
• Polar – airline navigation
• Robinson – data
representation
Latitude and Longitude
Latitude: (shown as a horizontal line) is the distance, in degrees, of a point
north or south of the Equator. Lines of latitude are often referred to as
parallels.
Longitude: (shown as a vertical line) is the distance, in degrees, of a point
east or west of the Prime Meridian. Lines of longitude are often referred to
as meridians.
Thematic Maps
•Population
•Economic
Activity
•Resources
•Language
•Ethnicity
Scale: a line marked off on a map to indicate
a ratio between the actual distance and the
proportion shown on the map.
For example: 1 inch= 1 mile
Information on a Map
•Symbols
•Color
•Lines
•Boundaries
•Contours
What do we use to study Geography?
Satellite Images – allows
geographers ability to
study area from above
the earth
• Can create maps from
data
Cartography – science of
making maps
Meteorology – study of
weather and what
causes it
• Predict weather
Four Basic Components
Title - Purpose of the map
Compass Rose- Shows where the cardinal
directions (north, south, east, and west) lie
on a map
Legend/Key - Tells the user about the
symbols on a map
Scale - Tells the user the ratio between
distances on the map and actual distances
on Earth
Can you identify the four key parts?
Geography Activity
With a partner, determine the major theme of
geography that you feel is most important and
why.
Create a visual poster that includes the following:
1. The theme
2. Why it’s the most important
3. The definition of the theme
4. A picture explaining
Exit Ticket- Closing Question
Why do we need to know about geography?
How will we use maps in every day life?