Provide a brief (2-3 sentence) explanation for each of the following
On a graph of average stream discharge (m3/sec) (y-axis) against watershed area (km2)
(x-axis) a series of streams with the same runoff coefficients but different watershed
areas, all lie directly on a line whose slope equal the runoff coefficient for the area.
Watershed processes are becoming a subject of major importance to many large cities.
Aquatic ecosystems provide many services to society, that would be very costly or
impossible to replace with human-made substitutes.
Many governments are beginning to strongly question the utility of many dams on rivers.
Explain why it is necessary to integrate over the photic zone to obtain accurate estimates
of areal primary productivity.
Stream flow is quantified in two different ways that mean very different things, volume/t
and distance/t. Explain.
Third order streams are not always larger than second or first order streams.
Upstream reaches tend to have more habitat for salmonid fry, whereas juvenile and adults
tend to find more suitable habitat farther downstream.
River managers have traditionally tried to constrain the variability of discharge regimes.
Streams whose watersheds have been clearcut, typically exhibit shorter hydrographic lagtimes and lower base-flows
Stream primary producers can be affected by clear-cutting in a variety of ways.
Siltation changes the dissolved oxygen regime in gravel.
Temporary ponds and swamps significantly enhance biodiversity
Flood plains can greatly enhance biodiversity in river ecosystems
Damming of rivers can dramatically impact flood plain ecology downstream
Three-quarters of the lakes in the world are found in glaciated regions
Radon-222 can be a health hazard even though it is an inert (non-reactive) gas.
Lead-210 occurs in the atmosphere as a result of natural processes, not nuclear testing.
Contrast the effect that nutrient enrichment, and the invasion of zebra mussels, would be
expected to have on the outer boundary of the littoral zone in a lake.
Algae with different photosynthesis/irradiance curves can coexist in lakes