Section
2
Objectives
•
Explore how English traditions influenced the
development of colonial governments.
•
Analyze the economic relationship between
England and its colonies.
•
Describe the influence of the Enlightenment
and the Great Awakening on the 13 colonies.
The
The
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War Begins
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Section
2
Terms and People
•
Magna Carta – 1215 document that limited the
king’s ability to tax English nobles and that
guaranteed due process and a right to trial
•
Parliament – English lawmaking body
•
English Bill of Rights – 1689 document
guaranteeing a number of freedoms
•
habeas corpus – idea that no one could be
held in prison without being charged with a
specific crime
•
salutary neglect – a policy in which England
allowed its colonies self-rule
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Terms and People
(continued)
•
mercantilism – economic policy under which a
nation accumulates wealth by exporting more
goods than it imports
•
Navigation Acts – a series of trade laws
enacted by Parliament in the mid-1600s
•
Enlightenment – European intellectual
movement during the 1600s and 1700s
•
Benjamin Franklin – American colonist
inspired by the Enlightenment, he was a printer,
author, scientist, and inventor
The
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Terms and People
•
(continued)
Great Awakening – a religious movement that
occurred in the colonies in the mid-1700s
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How did English ideas about
government and the economy
influence life in the 13 colonies?
The relationship between England and the
American colonies was economically and
culturally close.
But in the 1700s, the distant colonies
started to form their own ideas about their
government and economy.
The
The
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Section
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The English had a long governmental tradition.
Magna
Carta
In 1215, English nobles made King John
accept a limitation to his taxation and
guaranteed the right to a trial.
Parliament
A two-house legislature composed of the
House of Lords, an inherited position, and
the House of Commons, elected by men
with property.
Glorious
Revolution
The English overthrew King James and
installed William and Mary, who granted the
English Bill of Rights.
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Colonists were English subjects and self-ruling.
The colonists
believed that the
English Bill of
Rights applied to
them, even though
they lived in the
colonies.
At the same time,
the colonies
enjoyed a long
period of selfgovernment and
individual liberties.
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The English
Parliament
passed
trade laws
called the
Navigation
Acts.
The laws successfully regulated colonial trade to create
great wealth and power for England in the 1600s.
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English mercantilism meant the
colonies exported raw materials
only to England.
In exchange, the colonies bought
manufactured goods from
England.
The cloth for this dress
was produced in England
The
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The new ideas of the Enlightenment in the
1600s and 1700s influenced Americans.
• Exposed colonists to new ways of thinking such
as scientific reasoning and applying natural laws
to government.
• People believed that human reason could
solve issues.
• Colonial leader Benjamin Franklin was greatly
inspired by the ideas of the Enlightenment.
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In the colonies, the development of
democracy was influenced by:
• the
English parliamentary tradition.
•
the colonies having a long period of
self-rule.
•
the new ideas of the European
Enlightenment.
•
the Judeo-Christian religious
influence on colonial people.
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Religion played an important
part in colonial life:
•
Many colonists had immigrated for
religious reasons.
•
Churches played a social role in colonial
life.
•
Churches served as public places for
reading government proclamations,
holding elections, and posting new
laws.
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George Whitefield was a popular preacher in the
colonies who helped launch a new religious
movement called the Great Awakening.
•
Preachers traveled through
the colonies and preached
powerful, emotion-packed
sermons.
•
Many people left their old
established churches,
joined the movement, and
started new churches.
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The Great Awakening gave rise to a
changed political awareness.
Participants in the Great Awakening came to
realize that if they can select their own religion,
they can also select their own government.
The
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