Biol& 242 Anatomy and Physiology II
Lecture Quiz 2
Name
10 pts. Complete the questions below by filling in the blanks.
1. Starting with the outmost layer and working inwards, what are the four layers of membranes
or muscle that one passed through to reach the inside of the heart?
a. parietal pericardium > myocardium > endocardium > visceral/epicardium
b. visceral/epicardium > endocardium > parietal pericardium > myocardium
c. endocardium > parietal pericardium > myocardium > parietal pericardium
d. parietal pericardium > visceral/epicardium > myocardium > endocardium
e. None of these show the correct order of the layers.
2. What structures prevent the flow of blood backwards through the atrioventricular valves?
a. coronary arteries
b. atrioventricular nodes
c. chordae tendinae
d. mediastina
e. semilunar valves
3. The pain felt by a person who experiences a temporary deficiency in blood delivery to the
heart muscle is specifically known as:
a. a myocardial infarct
b. athlerosclerosis
c. angina pectoris
d. tachycardia
e. ductus arteriosus
4. During the contraction phase, what structure in the heart NEXT picks up the wave of
depolarization as it moves across the atria of the heart?
a. Purkinje's fibers
b. atrioventricular bundle (Bundle of His)
c. sinoatrial node
d. atrioventricular node
e. chordae tendinae
5. Which of the following is INCORRECT about cardiac muscle, compared to skeletal muscle
upon the stimulation of muscle fibers?
a. In cardiac muscle, some of the calcium ions that "turn on" the sarcomere power cycle
come from outside the cell; in skeletal muscle they're all from the sarcoplasmic
reticulum.
b. Cardiac muscle has a short refractory period while skeletal muscle has a short
refractory period.
c. Cardiac muscle experiences a wider range of electrical depolarization than skeletal
muscle.
d. Cardiac muscle sustains a longer contraction phase than skeletal muscle.
e. Both a) and c) are incorrect in comparing cardiac to skeletal muscle
Lab Quiz 2
Biol& 242 Lab pg. 1
Use the heart diagram at the right to
answer the following questions.
6. Which structure does blood flow
through NEXT after exiting the
superior vena cava?
7. Which structure is the anterior
interventricular artery?
8. Which structure is a remnant
(vestige) of the fetal ductus arteriosis
---------------------------------------------
TRUE/FALSE Answer "a" if true and "b" if false.
9. Cardiac muscle has an extended period of depolarization partly because K+ channels do not
open right away, preventing repolarization for over 100 milliseconds.
10. In the sarcomere power cycle, calcium binds directly to actin, uncovering the myosin
binding sites on the tropomyosin.
11. Congestive heart failure occurs as a result of atrioventricular valve failure.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12. A myocardiac infarction is caused by:
a. ischemia of heart muscle
b. an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate
c. narrowing of the aortic valve
d. hypertension
e. scar tissue in the myocardium
13. What feature of cardiac muscle fibers allow for depolarization of adjacent cells from within
the cytoplasm?
a. desmosomes between cells
b. gap junctions in the intercalated discs
c. the striated nature of the sarcomeres
d. the simple structure of the T tubules
e. the cardiac nerves that attach directly to each cardiac fiber
Lab Quiz 2
Biol& 242 Lab pg. 2
14. Which of the following does NOT increase heart contractility?
a. increased extracellular potassium (K+).
b. drugs called calcium channel blockers (CCBs).
c. acidosis of the blood.
d. All of the above increase heart contractility.
e. None of the above increases heart contractility.
15.According to the Frank-Starling Law of the heart:
a. the greater the afterload, the greater the blood pressure
b. the greater the stretching of heart muscle, the stronger the contractile force
c. hypertension decreases afterload
d. the larger the preload, the smaller the venous return
e. the end systolic volume increases with an increase in end diastolic volume
0
16. On the EKG above, what is happening in the heart at the point indicated by the arrow?
a. the atria are filling with blood
b. ventricular systole
c. the atrioventricular heart valves are shutting
d. atrial systole
e. None of the above is correct.
Lab Quiz 2
Biol& 242 Lab pg. 3
17. Arteries differ from veins in that arteries:
a. have larger lumens than veins
b. have a thicker endothelium than veins
c. lack a tunica externa
d. have elastic lamina
e. are thinner-walled than veins
18. Which type of capillaries has tight junctions and only is permeable to fluids and some
solutes?
a. fenestrated capillaries
b. continuous capillaries
c. sinusoidal capillaries
d. metacapillaries
e. true capillaries
19. Which type of blood vessel is just distal (downstream) to muscular arteries?
a. arterioles
b. elastic arteries
c. capillaries
d. venules
e. veins
20. The pacemaker of the heart can be found in or at the:
a. superior-lateral wall of the right atrium
b. inferior-medial wall of the left atrium
c. superior end of the atrioventricular bundle
d. terminal ends of Purkinje's fibers
e. inferior portion of the interventricular septum
21. Which of the following would decrease heart rate?
a. sympathetic nerve stimulus
b. stimulus by the vagus nerve
c. nerve impulses from the spinal cord
d. increased stimulus from the atrioventricular node
e. decreased stimulus from the parasympathetic nervous system
22. What makes the pacemaker autorhythmic cells different from other cardiac muscle cells?
a. Pacemaker cells have unstable resting potentials
b. Potassium channels open later in the plateau phase than other cardiac cells.
c. Pacemaker cells have a much longer plateau phase than cardiac muscle cells
d. Pacemaker cells require neural stimulus before they "fire"
e. All of the above are correct.
Lab Quiz 2
Biol& 242 Lab pg. 4