Biology 1
Exam 1
(Chapters 1-4)
Name _____________________
Remote # ____
Date _______________
Multiple Choice.
1) Which of the following is/are
characteristic of living organisms?
A) organized structure
B) responsiveness to stimuli
C) maintenance of homeostasis
D) B and C are correct.
E) A, B, and C are correct.
2) You drink a glass of lemonade, but
your body's pH does not change. This is
an example of how organisms
A) maintain homeostasis.
B) maintain organization.
C) adapt to their environment.
D) are immune to acid.
E) are what they eat.
3) What is metabolism?
A) the consumption of energy
B) the release of energy
C) the sum of all chemical reactions
taking place in an organism
D) the production of heat by chemical
reactions
E) the exchange of nutrients and waste
products with the environment
4) Which correctly indicates the
sequence of increasing organization?
A) molecule, cell, organelle, organ
B) organelle, tissue, cell, organ
C) atom, molecule, organelle, cell
D) organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) cell, organ, tissue, organ system
5) You observe a plant on your
windowsill that is growing at an angle
toward the outside. This is an example
of a living thing
A) maintaining homeostasis.
B) responding to stimuli.
C) reproducing.
D) evolving.
6) A typical animal would be
characterized by all of the following
EXCEPT
A) the presence of eukaryotic cells.
B) the ability to acquire nutrition through
ingestion.
C) the ability to grow and reproduce.
D) the ability to maintain homeostasis.
E) all of the above
7) To which kingdom would a
multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic
organism belong?
A) protista
B) fungi
C) plantae
D) animalia
E) none of the above
8) The basic difference between a
prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell is
that the prokaryotic cell
A) possesses membrane-bound
organelles.
B) lacks DNA.
C) lacks a nuclear envelope.
D) is usually considerably larger.
E) is structurally more complex.
9) Which kingdom possesses
unicellular animal-like members as well
as unicellular plant-like members?
A) Kingdom Fungi
B) Kingdom Animalia
C) Kingdom Protista
D) Kingdom Plantae
E) all of the above
10) The main difference between an
autotroph and a heterotroph is
A) how they reproduce.
B) how they respond to stimuli.
C) the placement of their organelles.
D) how they obtain energy.
D) compound.
E) mixture.
11) A cell that lacks organelles is a(n)
A) member of the Kingdom Plantae.
B) animal cell.
C) prokaryotic cell.
D) eukaryotic cell.
17) What determines the atomic
number of an atom?
A) number of electrons in the outermost
energy level
B) total number of energy shells
C) arrangement of neutrons in the
atomic nucleus
D) number of protons in the atomic
nucleus
E) the total number of electrons and
neutrons
12) A scientific explanation that is
tentative and requires more
investigation is termed a/an
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
13) All the following are features of the
scientific method EXCEPT
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) subjective data collection.
D) inductive and deductive reasoning.
E) forming conclusions.
14) Francesco Redi designed an
experiment to test the notion of
spontaneous generation. In his
experiment, he left the first jar of meat
open to the air and covered the second
jar. The first jar would be called the
A) experimental jar.
B) control jar.
C) conclusive jar.
D) hypothetical jar.
15) In a word, evolution means
________.
A) selection
B) improvement
C) mutation
D) change
E) nature
16) A substance with specific properties
that cannot be broken down or
converted to another substance is a(n)
A) element.
B) molecule.
C) ion.
18) Which four elements make up
approximately 96% of living matter?
A) carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
B) carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen
C) carbon, sodium, chlorine, magnesium
D) carbon, oxygen, sulfur, calcium
E) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium
19) An atom's nucleus is composed of
A) protons.
B) neutrons.
C) protons and electrons.
D) protons and neutrons.
E) neutrons and electrons.
20) How does one explain the formation
of ions?
A) sharing of electrons
B) gain or loss of electrons
C) gain or loss of protons
D) sharing of protons
E) gain or loss of neutrons
21) Biological molecules primarily are
joined by
A) peptide bonds.
B) ionic bonds.
C) hydrogen bonds.
D) disulfide bonds.
E) covalent bonds.
22) The element carbon has an atomic
number of six. Carbon would most likely
A) form an ionic bond.
B) form four covalent bonds.
C) form two covalent bonds.
D) donate two electrons to another
atom.
23) A single covalent chemical bond
represents the sharing of how many
electrons?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 6
24) Polar molecules
A) have an overall negative electric
charge.
B) have an equal distribution of electric
charge.
C) have an overall positive electric
charge.
D) have an unequal distribution of
electric charge.
E) are ions.
25) Which of the following is an
example of hydrogen bonding?
A) The bond between O and H in a
single molecule of water.
B) The bond between O of one water
molecule and H of a second water
molecule.
C) The bond between O of one water
molecule and O of a second water
molecule.
D) The bond between H of one water
molecule and H of a second water
molecule.
E) The bond between the H of a water
molecule and the H of a hydrogen
molecule.
26) If a substance measures 7 on the
pH scale, that substance
A) has equal concentration of H+ and
OH- ions.
B) may be lemon juice.
C) has greater concentration of OH- than
H+ ions.
D) probably lacks OH- ions.
E) is basic.
27) What is meant by saying water has
a high specific heat?
A) It can absorb a lot of energy without
changing temperature.
B) It grows hot very quickly.
C) The boiling point of water is very low.
D) Water can only heat up to a certain
temperature.
E) Water freezes easily.
28) The fact that salt dissolves in water
is BEST explained by
A) the charged nature of water
molecules.
B) the polar nature of water molecules.
C) the hydrophobic nature of salt.
D) the ionic nature of water molecules.
E) the hydrophobic nature of the water.
29) What determines the cohesiveness
of water molecules?
A) hydrogen bonds
B) ionic bonds
C) covalent bonds
D) hydrophobic interactions
E) All of the above are correct.
30) In general, a substance that carries
an electrical charge can dissolve in
water. Given this fact, which of the
following would most likely NOT
dissolve in water?
A) ionic compounds
B) polar covalent molecules
C) nonpolar molecules
D) NaCl
31) Large biological molecules are
synthesized by removing
A) carbon.
B) covalent bonds.
C) water.
D) oxygen.
E) peptides.
32) What type of chemical reaction
results in the breakdown of organic
polymers into their respective subunits?
A) condensation
B) oxidation
C) hydrolysis
D) ionization
E) reduction
33) Which of the following correctly
matches an organic polymer with its
respective monomers?
A) protein and amino acids
B) carbohydrates and polysaccharides
C) hydrocarbon and monosaccharides
D) lipid and steroids
E) DNA and ATP
34) Hydrolysis could be correctly
described as the
A) heating of a compound in order to
drive off its excess water and to
concentrate its volume
B) the breaking of a long-chain
compound into its subunits by adding
water to its structure between the
subunits.
C) constant removal of hydrogen atoms
from the surface of a carbohydrate.
D) None of the above are true.
35) The fiber in your diet is really
A) protein.
B) ATP.
C) starch.
D) cartilage.
E) cellulose.
36) Where is glycogen stored in
vertebrate animals?
A) liver and muscles
B) brain and kidneys
C) heart and bones
D) pancreas and blood
E) liver and heart
37) Which of the following provides
long-term energy storage for plants?
A) glucose
B) glycogen
C) starch
D) cellulose
E) ATP
38) Which type of lipid is most
important in biological membranes?
A) fats
B) steroids
C) phospholipids
D) oils
E) triglycerides
39) Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen
and ecdysone are all examples of
A) fatty acids.
B) proteins.
C) steroids.
D) hormones.
E) waxes.
40) In a biological membrane, the
phospholipids are arranged with the
fatty acid chains facing the interior of the
membrane. As a result, the interior of
the membrane is
A) hydrophobic.
B) hydrophilic.
C) charged.
D) polar.
E) filled with water.
41) The group of biological molecules
most diverse in function is:
A) carbohydrates
B) lipids
C) proteins
D) nucleic acids
E) organelles
42) What determines the specific
function of a protein?
A) exact sequence of amino acids
B) number of disulfide bonds
C) a hydrophilic "head" attached to a
hydrophobic "tail"
D) fatty acids as monomers
E) the number of peptide bonds it
contains
43) Specifically, a peptide bond forms
between which groups?
A) amino and aldehyde groups
B) carboxyl and amino groups
C) hydroxyl and carboxyl groups
D) phosphate and hydroxyl groups
E) carboxyl and aldehyde groups
44) Hemoglobin represents which level
of protein organization?
A) primary structure
B) secondary structure
C) tertiary structure
D) quaternary structure
E) None of these; hemoglobin is a
polysaccharide.
45) A nucleotide is
A) phospholipid, sugar, base.
B) phosphate, protein, base.
C) phosphate, sugar, base.
D) phospholipid, sugar, protein.
E) none of these
46) The compounds in biological
membranes that form a barrier to the
movement of materials across the
membrane are
A) internal proteins.
B) carbohydrates.
C) lipids.
D) nucleic acids.
E) external proteins.
47) In biological membranes, the
phospholipids are arranged in
A) a bilayer with the fatty acids pointing
toward each other.
B) a bilayer with the fatty acids facing
outward.
C) a single layer with the fatty acids
facing the interior of the cell.
D) a single layer with the phosphoruscontaining region facing the interior of
the cell.
E) a bilayer with the phosphorus groups
in the interior of the membrane.
48) What prevents your immune system
from attacking your own cells?
A) inadequate enzymes
B) fever
C) cholesterol
D) recognition proteins
E) receptor proteins
49) In reference to diffusion, "passive"
really means
A) without a membrane.
B) in the air.
C) no gradient.
D) very slowly.
E) no energy required.
50) Molecules assisted by carrier
proteins may cross a differentially
permeable membrane by
A) facilitated diffusion.
B) active transport.
C) osmosis.
D) endocytosis.
E) simple diffusion.
51) If red blood cells are taken from the
body and placed in a hypertonic
solution, what happens to the cells?
A) The cells swell and burst because
water moves into the cells.
B) The cells shrivel up because water
leaves the cells.
C) The cells remain unchanged due to
equal solute concentration inside and
outside the cells.
D) The cells remain unchanged due to
equal water concentrations inside and
outside the cells.
E) They become white blood cells.
52) Solutions that cause water to enter
cells by osmosis are termed
A) hypertonic.
B) isotonic.
C) hypotonic.
D) permeable.
E) hydrophilic.
53) Two aqueous solutions are
separated by a semipermeable
membrane. Solution A is 10% starch
and solution B is 5% starch. What will
occur?
A) Water will diffuse from solution A to
solution B.
B) Water will diffuse from solution B to
solution A.
C) Starch will diffuse from solution A to
solution B.
D) Starch will diffuse from solution B to
solution A.
E) Both B and D will occur.
54) The cytoplasm of a certain cell,
such as a neuron, already has a high
concentration of K+ ions. How can K+
ions continue to enter the cell?
A) active transport
B) facilitated diffusion
C) osmosis
D) endocytosis
E) infusion
55) Which process accounts for the
movement of solids into some animal
cells?
A) active transport
B) facilitated diffusion
C) diffusion
D) osmosis
E) phagocytosis
56) The electric signal for a muscle to
contract passes rapidly from one muscle
cell to the next by way of
A) tight junctions.
B) desmosomes.
C) gap junctions.
D) internal proteins.
E) external proteins.
57) Adhesion of animal tissues is
accomplished by cell-to-cell junctions
called
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) cell plates.
58) The urinary bladder is protected
from leaking due to cell-to-cell junctions
called
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) stretch receptors.
59) Protein channels that provide
passage for hormones and nutrients
between animal cells are termed
A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) gap junctions.
D) plasmodesmata.
E) capillaries.
60) You observe a cell under a
microscope and you can clearly see a
cell wall, a vacuole, and cytoplasmic
connections. These cytoplasmic
connections are
A) gap junctions.
B) desmosomes.
C) plasmodesmata.
D) tight junctions.
E) osmotic channels.
Match the following names to the proper functional group
a. -OH
d. -COOH
b. -SH
e. -NH2
c. -PO4
61. A sulfhydryl group ______
62. An amino group ______
63. A carboxyl group ______
64. A hydroxyl group ______
_______________________________________________________________________
Continue in next page …
Matching. Place the letter of the correct answer into the blank to the left of the
term.
65. glucose ______
66. steroid _____
67. ATP _____
68. phospholipids _____
69. amino acid _____
(B)
(A)
(C)
(E)
Continue to next page …
(D)
Label the parts of the microscope:
70. Objective _____
71. Fine adjustment knob _____
72. stage _____