Principles of Biol. I
Exam I, Fall 2001
1)
According to Darwin’s observations, lands with similar climates and
terrain but separated by large distances will often have:
a)
nearly identical plant and animal life because similar conditions
favor the same life forms.
b)
nearly identical fossils.
c)
very different (unrelated) plants and animals in many cases
d)
similar plants but different animal populations.
e)
similar birds and plants but different animal populations.
2)
Darwin collected fossils of extinct species from around the world.
Comparing these to living plant and animal species he discovered that:
a)
extinct species of a continent generally resembled the living
species of that continent.
b)
extinct species of all continents looked generally similar to
each other, in contrast to living species which were often unique
to each continent.
c)
fossil species often appear unrelated to living species of the
same continent.
d)
the limited fossil data was too incomplete to make accurate
generalizations and therefore he was forced to use data from
animal breeding studies to supplement his “natural” observations.
e)
it’s hard to tell much from a rock.
3)
Which of the following best describes solving a problem by the
“scientific method”.
a)
predict, test, hypothesize, experiment, predict, conclude.
b)
observe, hypotheses, test, reject/accept, test/experiment,
predict, confirm, theory.
c)
observe, theory, test, reject/accept, test/experiment, predict,
confirm, hypothesis.
d)
observe, theories, test, reject/accept, predict, confirm,
hypothesis.
e)
guess, fail, worse again, fail again, lucky guess, Nobel prize.
4)
The presently accepted number of “kingdoms of life” is:
a)
three.
b)
four.
c)
five.
d)
six.
e)
seven.
5)
An example of an archaebacteria is a/an:
a)
E. coli.
b)
yeast.
c)
protozoan.
d)
HIV.
e)
methanogen.
6)
Which of the following is an example of a nucleic acid?
a)
Proteins.
b)
Carbohydrates.
c)
RNA.
d)
Fats.
e)
H2CO3.
7)
The eukaryotic organelle found in mammalian cells which produces most
of the energy for life is the:
a)
chloroplast.
b)
lysosome.
c)
centriole.
d)
nucleolus.
e)
mitochondrion
8)
Proteins destined for secretion from the cell are made by:
a)
ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
b)
the golgi apparatus.
c)
the ribosomes of the rough ER
d)
the smooth ER
e)
the nucleolus.
9)
An example of a glucose-based structural polymer is:
a)
peptidoglycan.
b)
starch.
c)
glycogen.
d)
cellulose.
e)
microtubules.
10)
Which of the following organelles contains DNA?
a)
chloroplasts
b)
mitochondria
c)
nucleus
d)
nucleolus
e)
All of the above organelles contain DNA.
11)
Secretory vesicles bud from the:
a)
nucleus.
b)
lysosomes.
c)
golgi apparatus
d)
rough ER.
e)
plasma membrane.
12)
Endocytosis is an example of:
a)
facilitated diffusion.
b)
facilitated transport.
c)
active transport.
d)
bulk passage.
e)
coupled transport.
13)
The organelle where ribosomal RNAs are made is the
a)
nucleus.
b)
lysosome.
c)
golgi apparatus.
d)
mitochondrion.
e)
necleolus.
14)
The nucleoid is:
a)
where chromosomes are found in eukaryotes.
b)
where the DNA is found in prokaryotic cells.
c)
where ribosomal RNAs are synthesized in eukaryotes.
d)
an ancient endosymbiont.
e)
one of the very earliest life forms.
15)
Which of the statements below about the conditions found on “early”
earth as compared to those found today is false:
a)
It had a reducing atmosphere then, oxidizing now.
b)
Ultraviolet light was much more then than now.
c)
It was much warmer then than now.
d)
Lightning was less common then than now.
e)
All of the above statements are true.
16)
The four most common elements in living systems are:
a)
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorous.
b)
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.
c)
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorous.
d)
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and iron.
e)
carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and calcium.
_______________________________________________________________________
Use the following answers for questions 17-19.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
covalent bond
ionic bond
hydrophobic bond
hydrophilic bond
hydrogen bond
17)
Two electrons are shared equally between two atoms.
18)
A hydrogen “shared” between two oxygen atoms.
19)
Involves a full separation of charge (transfer of electron) between
two atoms.
20)
Macromolecules are most commonly assembled from monomers by:
a)
hydrogen bonds.
b)
ATP hydrolysis.
c)
hydrolysis reactions.
d)
dehydration reactions.
e)
disulfide linkages.
21)
A compound which helps maintain the constant pH of a solution is
acting as a/an:
a)
solvent.
b)
acid.
c)
base.
d)
buffer.
e)
ion.
22)
The primary structure of a protein is its:
a)
folding of alpha and pleated sheet domains.
b)
assembly from several separate polypeptides.
c)
noncovalent interactions of hydrogen and ionic bonds.
d)
alpha helical regions.
e)
sequence of amino acids (backbone of -N-C-C- units).
23)
The amino acids of a polypeptide chain (protein) are connected by:
a)
peptide bonds.
b)
hydrogen bonds.
c)
disulfide bonds.
d)
ionic bonds.
e)
All of the above are correct answers.
24)
An example of a storage carbohydrate common in plants is:
a)
cellulose.
b)
glycogen.
c)
starch.
d)
chitin.
e)
choline.
____________________________________________________________________
25)
Which of the following molecules is likely to be hydrophobic?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
______________________________________________________________________
26)
Which of the following molecules is likely to be charged in a cell?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
______________________________________________________________________
27)
The alpha helix of a protein is an example of:
a)
primary structure.
b)
secondary structure.
c)
tertiary structure.
d)
quaternary structure.
e)
Proteins do not have alpha helixes.
_______________________________________________________________________
Use the following answers for questions 28-32 (each choice can be used
more than once).
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
lysosomes
centrioles
chloroplasts
28)
Photosynthesis occurs here.
29)
An organelle filled with hydrolytic enzymes.
30)
An organelle involved in processing proteins destined for secretion.
31)
Where are many lipids synthesized by membrane-bound enzymes?
32)
Can be found in MTOCs (microtubule organizing centers.
______________________________________________________________________
33)
Water does not boil at room temperature because:
a)
it makes covalent bonds between atoms.
b)
it forms many intermolecular ionic bonds.
c)
it forms many intermolecular hydrophilic bonds.
d)
it forms many intermolecular hydrophobic bonds.
e)
it forms hydrogen bonds between individual water molecules.
34)
The sugar or sugar-like molecule found in phospholipids is:
a)
glucose.
b)
glycerol.
c)
ramnose.
d)
ribose.
e)
deoxyribose.
35)
Macromolecules are commonly broken down to monomers by ____________
reactions
a)
dehydration
b)
nucleophilic
c)
hydrophobic
d)
hydrophilic
e)
hydrolysis
36)
(CH2O)n is the common formula for:
a)
amino acids.
b)
sugars.
c)
fatty acids.
d)
hydrophylic molecules.
e)
hydrophobic molecules.
37)
Although populations theoretically could increase geometrically, they
generally remain relatively constant through limitation by death of
individuals. This was first observed/proposed by:
a)
Darwin.
b)
Wallace.
c)
Malthus.
d)
Miller and Urey.
38)
An example of organelles which are the result of an ancient
endosymbiont “captured” by an early eukaryotic cell are the:
a)
liposomes.
b)
centrioles.
c)
nuclei.
d)
nucleoli.
e)
mitochondria.
39)
The positively charged particle (charge = +1) in atoms is called a:
a)
neutron
b)
proton
c)
nucleus
d)
electron
e)
neutrino
40)
Two atoms share two electrons. This is an example of:
a)
a single covalent bond.
b)
a double covalent bond.
c)
an ionic bond.
d)
a hydrogen bond.
e)
a hydrophobic interaction.
41)
The plasma membrane is composed of [choose the best answer]:
a)
fats.
b)
a peptidoglycan layer.
c)
a phospholipid bilayer.
d)
carbohydrates related to cellulose.
e)
All of the above are correct answers.
42)
A lipid is best described as being:
a)
hydrophobic.
b)
hydrophilic.
c)
water soluble
d)
made of amino acids and sugars.
e)
positively charged.
______________________________________________________________________
Match the following names to the proper functional group
a.
-OH
b.
-C=O
c.
-SH
e.
-NH3
f.
-PO4
43)
A sulfhydryl group
44)
An amino group
45)
A carbonyl group
46)
A hydroxyl group
_______________________________________________________________________
47)
A molecule crosses the plasma membrane to enter the cell. After study
of this process it is found to be specific, to saturate and not to
work against a concentration gradient (does not concentrate). It most
likely occurs by:
a)
diffusion.
b)
facilitated diffusion.
c)
active transport.
d)
pinocytosis.
e)
receptor mediated endocytosis.
48)
Adenine is an example of a/an:
a)
purine.
b)
pyrimidine.
c)
pentose sugar.
d)
aldehyde.
e)
fatty acid.
49)
A fat molecule (e.g. animal fat for storage) contains:
a)
3 fatty acids.
b)
2 fatty acids.
c)
phosphorous.
d)
a pentose sugar.
e)
glycosidic linkages.
50)
A solution outside a cell has a higher concentration of dissolved
solutes (e.g. salt) that the cell itself. This solution is best
described as ________ in comparison to the cell?
a)
hyperosmotic
b)
basic
c)
isoosmotic
d)
acidic
e)
hypoosmotic