Types of Chemical Bonds
 Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces
that exist between ions of opposite
charges
 They form between a metal and a nonmetal
 Covalent bonds result from the sharing
of one or more electrons between two
atoms
 They form between two nonmetals
 Named “Molecular Compounds”
Molecular Compounds
CO2 Carbon dioxide
CH4 methane
BCl3
boron trichloride
All are formed
from two or
more
nonmetals.
Ionic compounds
generally involve
a metal and
nonmetal
(NaCl)
Identify with contain covalent bonds
1. BaI2 Ionic
A. I2O5 Covalent
2. P4S3 Covalent
B. Cu(ClO4)2 Ionic
3. Ca(OH)2 Ionic
C. CS2 Covalent
4. FeCO3 Ionic
D. B2Cl4 Covalent
5. Na2Cr2O7 Ionic
Naming Molecular (Covalent) Nomenclature
for two nonmetals
• Prefix System (binary compounds)
1. Less electronegative atom
comes first (which ever is written first in the
formula)
2. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms.
a.) Omit mono- prefix on the FIRST element.
b.) Mono- is required on the SECOND element.
3. Change the ending of the second element to
-ide.
Molecular Nomenclature Prefixes
You need to memorize these.
PREFIX
monoditritetrapentahexaheptaoctanonadeca-
NUMBER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Molecular Nomenclature: Examples
• CCl4
•carbon tetrachloride
1. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms.
1. Monocarbon tetrachloride
a.) Omit mono- prefix on the FIRST element.
b.) Mono- is required on the SECOND element.
Molecular Nomenclature: Examples
• CCl4
• carbon tetrachloride
• N2O
• dinitrogen monoxide
• SF6
• sulfur hexafluoride
More Molecular Examples
• arsenic trichloride
• AsCl3
• dinitrogen pentoxide
• N2O5
• tetraphosphorus decoxide
• P4O10
Learning Check
Fill in the blanks to complete the following names
of covalent compounds.
CO
CO2
mon
carbon ______oxide
dioxide
carbon _______________
CCl4
tri
phosphorus _______chloride
tetra
carbon ________chloride
N2O
di
mon
_____nitrogen
_____oxide
PCl3
Learning Check
1.
P2O5
a) phosphorus oxide
b) phosphorus pentoxide
c) diphosphorus pentoxide
2.
Cl2O7
a) dichlorine heptoxide
b) dichlorine oxide
c) chlorine heptoxide
3.
Cl2
a) chlorine
b) dichlorine
c) dichloride
A flow chart for naming binary compounds.
Mixed Review
Name the following compounds:
1.
CaO
N2O3
a) calcium oxide 3.
a) nitrogen oxide
b) calcium(I) oxide
b) dinitrogen trioxide
c) calcium (II) oxide
c) nitrogen trioxide
2.
SnCl4
a) tin tetrachloride
b) tin(II) chloride
c) tin(IV) chloride
Mixed Practice
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Dinitrogen monoxide
Potassium sulfide
Copper (II) nitrate
Dichlorine heptoxide
Chromium (III) sulfate
Iron (III) sulfite
Calcium oxide
Barium carbonate
Iodine monochloride
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
BaI2
P4S3
Ca(OH)2
FeCO3
Na2Cr2O7
I2O5
Cu(ClO4)2
CS2
B2Cl4