To make something appear
THREE-DIMENSIONAL on a flat
TWO-DIMENSIONAL SURFACE,
it’s time to…….
LEARN ABOUT LINEAR
PERSPECTIVE.
ONE POINT
PERSPECTIVE……
How do we make a BASIC SQUARE into a CUBE? It’s really
simple….. If you follow the basic rules.
Please make sure you have a pencil, erase and MOST
importantly a RULER!!!!
In the MIDDLE of your page, DRAW with
a RULER a nice LONG HORIZONTAL
LINE.
LABEL it as a HORIZON LINE.
This is your HORIZON LINE
Now, in the MIDDLE of your HORIZON
LINE, place a SMALL DOT.
Everything we draw today, will “appear”
to go towards this dot and will visually
look smaller and smaller the closer we get
to it.
This is your VANISHING POINT!
Now, draw a SQUARE on the bottom left corner.
Use a RULER where necessary.
Now, from ALL VISIVLE
CORNERS,
draw ORTHOGONAL LINES
TOWARDS the VANISHING
POINT,
LIGHTLY draw these lines
because
Eventually you will need to
erase extra length.
Start with the farthest
corner, and draw a n
ORTHOGONAL line to
the VANISHING
POINT.
Add the second ORTHOGONAL LINE.
Now, add the final ORTHOGONAL line.
Remember, this is a SOLID form we are
making.
We will NOT see through the 4th corner.
Notice how the box appears to
get “smaller” and “thinner”?
Now, give the CUBE DEPTH.
You will draw PARELLEL
LINES on the sides you have
created your ORTHOGONAL
LINE.
Finally, ERASE the “extra”
ORTHOGONAL LINES that
are past the parallel lines
you have just created.
And you are DONE!
Which sides of the CUBE do you see?
Now, try to draw a FROM ABOVE and
ON the Horizon Line,
Which sides of the FORM do you see
now?
Do your drawings look close to these?
How did you do?
Regardless of what shape it is,
LINEAR PERSPECTIVE can be
applied to anything.
Look at these examples.
If a geometric shape has a corner, then
you can use LINEAR PERSPECTIVE and
make it THREE-DIMENSIONAL.
You can also do a THREE
DIMENSIONAL circle, but it does
not become a SPHERE. It
becomes a CYLINDER, (Like a
Soda Can.)
ALL the same rules apply.
Give it a try!
Using VALUE will allow you to
create a SPHERE.
TWO POINT PESPECTIVE…….
Sometimes you do not look at the top, bottom or side of an object.
You may want to draw it from the CORNER.
When you do, you see TWO SIDES.
With TWO SIDES, you have TWO VANISHING POINTS.
This way, you see the top or bottom and TWO SIDES of the object.
Draw yourself a HORIZON LINE,
And put TWO VANISHING POINTS FAR FROM
ONE ANOTHER.
Then, in the lower left corner, draw a short
VERTICAL LINE.
Draw ORTHOGONAL LINES from the
top and bottom of the vertical line
you made.
Have it go to Point One (LEFT.)
Remember, please use a ruler!
Now, do the same thing, but do to Point Two
On the RIGHT side.
Then, like with One Point, draw PARRELL lines from the original Vertical.
The distance from the original can very.
If one side is longer than the other, you make more of a rectangle.
If they are equal on both sides, you make a Cube.
You should now have a shape that
looks like a FOLDER.
But WAIT……. There is more to do!
We are missing the TOP of the Cube.
Remember, whatever is BELOW the
HORIZON LINE< you will ALWAYS
see the TOP of the Form.
Listen carefully….
This can get tricky .
Now, you will CRISS CROSS
an ORHTHOGONAL LINE from the newly made corners to the
OPPOSITE VANISHINPOINT.
Start with one point
of the Left side and
go to the Vanishing
Point to the RIGHT.
Now go to the next point of the
Right side and go to the Vanishing
Point to the Left.
Lastly, ERASE the “extra” ORTHOGONAL LINES.
Erase until you reach the area the last two lines
Intersected.
Do you see the FORM?
Notice how we see
TWO SIDES,
and the TOP with a
BACK CORNER?
Now, do it on your own with a vertical line
ON and ABOVE the Horizon Line, like in
the set-up above.
Do your drawings look similar to the ones here?
Do you see TWO SIDES and the BELOW of the FROMS?
There is also THREE POINT PERSPECTIVE.
This shows you the BIRDS EYE VIEW or ANTS VIEW.
For EXTRA CREDIT, can you figure out how tp draw a CUBE
BELOW, ON and ABOVE the HORIZON LINE?