Language and Literacy: How to Facilitate Activities Through Play and Hands-On Experiences Presenters: Elidia Anaya and Rocio Flores Los Angeles Mission College Child Development Spring Conference April 30, 2016 Language Defined as human speech, written symbols for speech, or any means of communicating Development follows a predictable sequence Related to chronological age Includes both sending and receiving information Learned through use Brain sets up circuitry needed to understand and reproduce language First 5-7 years is sensitive period ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Language Development of Young Children Baby’s cry (birth to three months): Cooing (0-3 months): Some smile in their sleep, possibly through inner motivation. Babbling (four to six months): Sounds made by an infant when his/her needs are met. Smiling and laughing (birth to three months): Communicates hunger, discomfort, or fear. Random sounds alternating constants and vowel sounds. Association (six to nine months): Begins to have an idea of the meaning of a few words. ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Language Development of Young Children One-word usage (twelve months): Recall (seven to twelve months): Ability to remember an object named even when the object is not visible is helped by touching, grasping, and tasting of the object. Telegraphic speech (one to two years): Many first words are completely original, private words of the child. Two word sentences Multiword speech (three to four years): Stage of adult like speech with longer sentences and almost all words present. ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Language Development of Young Children By eighteen months uses at least 20 words and understands one to word phrases By twenty-four months uses at least 50 words and understands 200-500 words By thirty six months uses at least 300 words and understands simple questions By forty eight months uses four to six word sentences and understands why questions By sixty months uses complete sentences and understands instructions containing sequencing words Information from: Learning to talk talking to learn, http://www.talkingpoint.org.uk/sites/talkingpoint.org.uk/files/stagesspeech-language-development-chart001.pdf ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Open Ended Questions Questions that have more than one right answer, or can be answered in many ways, are called open-ended questions. This way of asking questions stimulates more language use, acknowledges that there can be many solutions to one problem, affirms children’s ideas, and encourages creative thinking. What does this make you think of? In what ways are these different? In what ways are they the same? What materials did you use? What would happen if…? What might you try instead? Tell me about your… What does it look like? ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Open Ended Questions Connections Project; Learning Communities for All Children, California Institute on Human Services, Sonoma State University What does it remind you of? What does it feel like? What can you do next time? What can you tell me about it? Tell me what happened. What could you have done instead? What do you feel, see, hear, taste, and smell? How did you do that? Is there anything else you could do/use? What will you do next after you finish that? How do you know? Which one do you have more of? What are some different things you could do? Is one object longer/shorter than the other? What is made of? What do you call the things you are using? Tell me what it looks like. How are you going to do that? Show me what you could do with it. ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Emergent Literacy Process of developing awareness about reading and writing before children can actually read or write Building blocks for later reading, writing, and communicating Includes phonological awareness and letter recognition ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Literacy Development of Young Children Components Listening Speaking Reading Writing ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Literacy Development of Young Children Circular Through play Phonics Is the relationship between the letters of the written language and the sounds of the spoken language. Phonemes The smallest unit of speech helping them write the letter- sound relationship ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Literacy Development of Young Children Phonological awareness Rhyming Two words that end the same way. Vocabulary The ability to hear and identify individual sounds and spoken language. The words we must know to communicate Ideas for creating a developmentally appropriate language and literacy environment ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. National Institute for Literacy Knowing the names of printed letters Knowing the sounds associated with printed letters Manipulating the sounds of spoken language Rapidly naming a sequence of letters, numbers, objects, or colors Writing one’s own name or even isolated letters Remembering the content of spoken language for a short time ©2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Author and Illustrator Activities With your group create a story Each of you will create a page of the story and illustrated Put the book together and share it ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Dot Painting Names Write you name on the butcher paper Use dot markers to decorate your name ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Playdough Letters Make letters with playdough ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Pipe Cleaner Words Form letters with the pipe cleaners to create a word ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Matching Word Cards Match the words ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Books Read a book Come up with three why questions Come up with three how questions Three vocabulary words ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Pinky Promise ©2012 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.