Po Leung Kuk Ma Kam Ming College
Wong Sui Bun
Background :
• CMI school
• Students are in general weak in English
• English enrichment programme is conducted
in Junior Forms
Topic: F.3 Absorption of food
Villi
Example 1
Expansion of ideas
What is going on?
The small intestine absorb s food
What is doing it?
What part of the small intestine does it?
The villi of the small intestine absorb food
What kind of food?
The villi of the small intestine absorb food.
∧
simple and soluble
The villi of the small intestine absorb simple
and soluble food into the blood rapidly.
Where is the food absorbed to?
How is it happening?
into the blood
absorb
The villi of the small intestine
rapidly
food
simple and soluble
Doer
The villi of the small intestine
Action
absorb
Done to
Where and
How?
simple and soluble food
into the blood rapidly
Doer
Action
The enzymes of the small intestine
digest
Done to
HOW?
food into simple and soluble food substances
Doer
Action
Done to
HOW?
Bile salts in bile
emulsify
fat into fat droplets
Worksheet
Example 2
Reinforcing passive voice
in subject context
Doer
Action
Done to
The small intestine absorbs food
Done to
Helping
Words
Doer
food is absorbed by the small intestine
Doer
Done to
Enzymes of the small intestine
digest food
into simple and soluble food substances.
Done to
Helping
Words
Doer
Food is digested by Enzymes of the small intestine
into simple and soluble food substances.
Example 3
Nominalization
Original form
digest
Nominalized
form
Digestion
absorb
Absorption
to
secrete
Secretion
emulsify
emulsification
Spoken form
Written form
Because
Lead to
As
Result in
to
Since
Attribute to
so
as a result
Spoken Bile can emulsify fat into small oil
droplets so that fat can be digested
more efficiently.
Written Emulsification of fat by bile leads to
efficient digestion of fat.
Spoken Villi provide a large surface area to
absorb food rapidly.
Written The large surface area provided by the
villi results in rapid absorption of food.
Example 4
Foregrounding Nominalization
Foregrounding the cause
1.
Owing to the large surface area
provided by the villi, the rate of food
absorption is increased.
2.
Because of the large surface area
provided by the villi, the rate of food
absorption is increased.
Foregrounding the result
1.
The rapid absorption of food is a result
of the large surface area provided by
the villi.
2.
The rapid absorption of food can be
attributed to the large surface area
provided by the villi.