Bone, Joint and Muscle injuries
Dr. Sawsan Mustafa Abdalla
The skeleton
the framework that the body is built on
It supports the muscles, blood vessels and
nerves of the body.
Many bones of the Skelton protect important
organs such as brain ,lungs and heart.
Bones
Bone is a living tissue containing large amount
of calcium and phosphorus-----make it hard
• Bones can be long,short or flat
• Bones grow since birth till adulthood
• Bones can generate new tissues after injeries
bones
• Bones problems:
Age
Certain diseases
• Inherited problems make bones weakened:
Rickets
cancer
infections
Bones
• In Adolescents:
• Damage can lead to shorten abone or impair
movement.
• Disorders in elder people called osteoporosis
muscles
• Muscles cause part of the body to move
• Skeletal musces control movement and
posture
• They are attached to the bones by tndones
• Muscels operate the internal organs like heart
joints
• A joint is the place at which bone meet
another
• Most joints are movable
• Few joints are immovable like skull and pelvis
Fractures
Fracture is a break or crack in bone
• Growing bones are supple and may split, bend
or crack------they are called greenstick.
• Bones can be fractured by direct or indirect
force.
• Fractures are stable or instable
• Fractures are closed and open
Fractures
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Pain
Sewlling
Coarse grating
Signs of shock
Difficulty od movement
A wound at bone end
precausions
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Do not move
Arrange transport
Secure the injered part
Do feed or give driks because general
anesthetic may be needed
Dislocated joint
• Dislocation is ajoint injery in which the bones
are partially or completely pulled out of
position
• Can be caused by strong force or by violent
muscle contraction
Strains and sprains
• The softer structure around bones and joints
:ligaments,muscles and tendons may be
injuried
• These injuries called strains and sprains
• Occur when the tissues are overstretched and
partially or completely torn
Strains and sprains
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Pain and tenderness
Difficulty moving the injered part
Swelling
Do not move
Put ice pack
Gentle pressure by padding
Raise and support the injered part
Send to hospitl
Skills of first Aid for fractures
Support
Stop bleeding
Decrease movements
Slings
Slings:
It is the method to keep the limb
supported
Try that the sling not to make
pressure on arteries because not to
stop blood supply .
Triangular bandage to hold the arms
An example of hand sling
Neck and spines injeries