The Labor Movement, 1865-1920 Industrial Revolution Urbanization Company Housing Safety Hazards Firefighting Clubs Wealthy Neighborhoods Suburbs Immigration Reasons for Immigration The Immigrant Experience Tenements - poorly built dwellings, no running water or electricity Economic Disparity The Wealthy The Poor Justifying the Industrial Order: Gospel of Wealth Social Darwinism Herbert Spencer Charles Darwin Origins of the Species Survival of the Fittest Effects 1 Myth of Success Horatio Alger Plot Rags to Riches Story Political Corruption The Tweed Ring William Tweed Tammany Hall The Rise of the Labor Movement Unions Strikes Business-Government Alliance Opposition by Business Owners Fire Workers Deny Jobs Yellow Dog Contracts Blacklists Hiring Practices Strike Breakers (scabs) Immigrant workers Division Among Workers Labor Solidarity International Ladies Garment Worker’s Union (ILGWU) 2 1. The Railroad Strike of 1877 Panic of 1873 Pres. Rutherford B. Hayes Outcome 2. The Knights of Labor Uriah Stephens Membership The Haymarket Riot, 1886 McCormick Harvest Company, Chicago Reasons for Strike Clash with Police Chicago Haymarket Square Anarchist Effects 3. The Homestead Strike, 1892 Association of Iron and Steel Workers Union Homestead Steel Factories Andrew Carnegie & Henry Frick Pinkerton National Detective Agency Pinkertons 4. The Pullman Strike, 1894 Pullman Manufacturing Co 3 George Pullman Company Town American Railway Union Eugene Debs The Spark U.S. Mail Pres. Grover Cleveland American Federation of Labor Samuel Gompers Labor and Politics American Socialist Party Eugene Debs International Workers of the World (IWW) Bill Haywood Anarcho-Syndicalism 4