CHAPTER 3 NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIOR
PRACTICE TEST
1.
Receiving information is to ___ as transmitting information is to ___.
a.
cell body; dendrite
b.
synapse; axon
c.
dendrite; axon
d.
axon; dendrite
2.
As you are tying your shoes, you bend over, tie the shoe strings, and stand back up.
These voluntary actions involved motor signals that were communicated using the
___ nervous system.
a.
central
b.
autonomic
c.
sympathetic
d.
parasympathetic
e.
somatic
3.
The central nervous system includes
a.
the brain only
b.
the spinal cord only
c.
both the brain and spinal cord
d.
the entire nervous system except the brain and the spinal cord
4.
Which of the following is NOT part of the brainstem?
a.
medulla
b.
pons
c.
reticular formation
d.
hypothalamus
5.
Skilled gymnasts and divers can perform smooth and expertly coordinated muscular
movements thanks largely to their
a.
medulla
b.
cerebellum
c.
hippocampus
d.
thalamus
e.
corpus callosum
6.
Molly is experiencing severe headaches. Doctors fear that Molly might be
suffering from a brain tumor or some other type of brain abnormality. Doctors
decided to take a detailed image of her brain using ___, which will cause no harm to
her body.
a.
PET scan
b.
EEG
c.
CT scan
d.
MRI
7.
The wide band of nerve fibers that physically connect the two central hemispheres
and makes possible the transfer of information between them is called
a.
hypothalamus
b.
myelin sheath
c.
corpus callosum
d.
thalamus
8.
The two main divisions of the peripheral nervous system are the
a.
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
b.
afferent and efferent nervous systems
c.
central and somatic nervous systems
d.
somatic and autonomic nervous systems
9.
After drinking many alcoholic beverages at a local bar, Greg stumbles out to his car,
falling down once or twice, slurs his speech, and then swerves all over the road as
he drives home. Given Greg’s lack of coordination, you can safely conclude that the
alcohol has affected his
a.
medulla
b.
thalamus
c.
corpus callosum
d.
cerebellum
e.
reticular formation
10.
You see a rattlesnake and notice an immediate increase in your heart rate, a dry
mouth, sweating, and general trembling. Your bodily reactions are due to the
a.
somatic nervous system
b.
sympathetic nervous system
c.
endocrine system
d.
parasympathetic nervous system
e.
reflexive nervous system
11.
The endocrine glands secrete ___ directly into the
a.
hormones; bloodstream
b.
enzymes; digestive tract
c.
endorphins; bloodstream
d.
hormones; digestive tract
12.
There are roughly ___ neurons in the human brain at birth.
a.
500,000
b.
500 million
c.
1 billion
d.
100 billion
13.
The three basic types of neurons are
a.
glial cells, nodes of Ranvier, and vesicles
b.
dendritic neurons, axonal neurons, and synaptic neurons
.
c.
d.
excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, and neutral neurons
afferent neurons, efferent neurons, and interneurons
14.
Glial cells are cells that
a.
send and receive information
b.
provide nutrition and structural support for neurons
c.
act as a bridge between the brain and the spinal cord
d.
communicate information to the muscles and glands
15.
The cell body of a neuron
a.
controls the metabolism of the neuron
b.
maintains separations between the nodes of Ranvier
c.
increases the transmission speed of the message
d.
directs the creations of new neurons in response to new learning experiences
16.
The primary function of myelin sheath is
a.
reduce the speed of neurotransmitters crossing the synapse
b.
insulate the axons and increase the speed at which neurons convey their
messages
c.
provide support and nutrition to the dendrites
d.
bundle the axons of neurons that produce the same neurotransmitters
17.
The action potential is best defined as:
a.
the amount of serotonin that can cross the axon’s membrane
b.
the +3 to +7 volt capacity of a typical motor neuron
c.
the ability of a motor neuron to either contract or relax a muscle group
d.
a brief electrical impulse that transmits information along the axon of a
neuron
18.
After surgery, physicians may prescribe a medication to relieve pain. Such a
medication would most likely mimic the effects of ___.
a.
dopamine
b.
endorphins
c.
serotonin
d.
GABA
e.
neurotransmitters
19.
Johnny was awakened by a loud, crashing sound in the middle of the night. He was
frightened and he jumped out of bed to investigate. Johnny realized that the loud
sound was just his cat playing around in the living room. Needless to say, Johnny
was extremely relieved. Which subdivision of the nervous system helped calm
Johnny down and restore his normal level of functioning?
a.
parasympathetic
b.
endocrine
c.
sympathetic
d.
somatic
20.
Based on research with split-brain patients, we know that the ___ cerebral
hemisphere is specialized for ___.
a.
left; interpreting nonverbal behaviors
b.
right; 3-dimensional spatial skills
c.
right; language abilities
d.
left; artistic and musical appreciation
ANSWERS
1. C
2. E
3. C
4. D
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. D
9. D
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. D
14. B
15. A
16. B
17. D
18. B
19. A
20. B