Chapter 4
What is the subject of a
sentence?
the person or thing doing the
action of the verb
What is the direct object of
a sentence?
the person or thing receiving the
action of the verb
The boy annoys the girl.
subject
direct
object
the boy is doing the annoying
so he is the subject
the girl is receiving the
annoying so she is the direct
object
In English the word order
decides the use of the noun whether it is the subject or
direct object
In Latin the endings of the
word decides the use of the
noun.
Servus Marcum vexat.
the -us tells that servus is
the subject
and
the -um tells that Marcum
is the
direct object
Activity 1:
Put a S under all subjects and a DO under all
direct objects
1.
You are eating a nutritious meal this morning.
2.
Rebecca entertained Sam and me with an account of her
vacation.
3.
Mrs. Hamilton appointed Bill and me.
4.
Robert and I will carry the tent during the weekend
camping trip.
5.
Karen left her coat in the restaurant the other night.
Case: the change in the form of a
word to show how it functions
within a sentence.
Nominative: the person or thing doing
the action of the verb
Accusative: the person or thing
receiving the action of
the verb
Nominative = subject
the person or thing doing the
action of the verb
Accusative = direct object
the person or thing receiving the
action of the verb
declensions
1st
sing.
nominative subject
genitive -
possession
dative indir. object
accusative dir. object
ablative obj. of prep.
2nd
plural
sing.
3rd
plural
sing.
plural
Activity 2:
Find and copy seven different nouns (pronoun)
that serve as direct objects in the story on p. 19.
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
__________________
Activity 3:
Write S next to the forms that could serve as subjects and DO
next to the forms that could serve as direct objects.
1. puellam ______
7. virum _______
13. Corneliam _______
2. Marcus _______
8. ramus _______
14. arborem _______
3. fragorem _______
9. vocem _______
15. Sextus _______
4. puer _______
10. amicam _______
16. Cornelia _______
5. Sextum _______
11. vir _______
17. ramus _______
6. puerum _______
12. Davus _______
Activity 4: Identify subjects (S), direct objects (DO), and verbs (V)
above each word. Find one linking verb (LV). Then translate
the sentence.
1.
Sextus Davum saepe vexat; Davus Sextum
non amat.
2.
Puellae Marcum et servum conspiciunt.
3.
Magna vox puellam terret.
4.
Sextus magnam arborem ascendit.
5.
Pueri fragorem audiunt et in hortum
currunt.
6.
Davus, qui fragorem audit, est iratus.