Chapter 5
What is a verb
infinitive?
a form of a verb without
person or number
to walk
to love
to prepare
What is meant by
person and number of
a verb?
I
you
he, she
we
they
singular
or
plural
never split an infinitive
to go quickly
never
to quickly go
What two letters does a
Latin infinitive end in?
-re
to walk
to love
to prepare
to watch
to carry
ambulāre
amāre
parāre
spectāre
portāre
errare est
humanam to err is human
Some verbs do not form a
complete thought volo
I want . . .
nolo
I don’t want . . .
paro
I prepare . . .
potest
he is able . . .
vult
he wants . . .
parat
he prepares . . .
non vult
he does not want . . .
1.
Their meaning is completed by a form
of the infinitive
Marcus lupum repellere parat.
Marcus prepares to drive off the wolf.
Sextus Davum vexāre vult.
Sextus wants to annoy Davus.
2.
When infinitives are used this
way they are called complementary
infinitives because they complete
the meaning of the verb that goes
with it.
He wants . . .
to walk
to run
to sleep
In Latin the infinitive comes
before
_________the
main verb and in
after
English it comes ________
the main verb:
Marcus lupum repellere parat.
Marcus prepares to drive off the wolf.
Activity 1- Locate two Latin infinitives in the
story on page 25 and copy them here, give the
English meaning:
ascendere to climb
descendere to climb down
Activity 2 – Underline the infinitive, circle the main
verb and translate into English.
1.
Ego ad hortum curro (curro, I run) quod
Davum vexāre volo (volo, I want).
2.
Ego arborem non ascendo (ascendo, I climb)
quod in rivum cadere nolo (nolo, I dont want).
3.
Quod dies est calidus, tu prope
rivum errāre paras (paras, you prepare).
4.
Sextus ex arbore descendere non
vult quod lupus eum terret.
5.
Puer lupum conspicit, ramum arripit,
lupum repellere parat.
Activity 3 – Circle the correct verb form.
1. Marcus et Sextus in silvam (ambulant,ambulat).
2. Sextus (clamat, clamant), “Ego arborem
(ascendit, ascendere) volo.”
3. Sed Marcus arborem (descendere, ascendere)
non vult.
4. Tum Sextus, “Tu es ignavus,” Statim Sextus
arborem (ascendit, ascendere).
5. Lupus venit sed Sextum (terret, terrēre)
non potest, quod puer est in arbore.
6. Marcus non est perterritus et lupum
(repellere, repellit).
7. Sextus (descendit, descendere) non vult
quod est ignavus.
Activity 4 – Match the opposites and give the English
meanings of all words.
1.
calidus/____________________
_________________/__________________
2.
puer/______________________
________________/__________________
3.
ad/________________________
_______________/__________________
4.
temerarius/__________________
________________/_________________
5.
defessa/____________________
________________/__________________
6.
ascendere/__________________
________________/_________________
7.
currit/_____________________
________________/__________________
8.
femina/____________________
________________/__________________
Activity 5 – Complete the analogies and translate the phrases
into English.
1.
currit : currunt :: ____________________ : ambulant
_____________________ :: ____________________
2.
audit : videt :: legit : ________________________
______________________ :: _____________________
3.
Cornelia : Flavia :: Marcus : ____________________
____________________ :: ______________________
4.
Flavia : amica :: Sextus : ___________________
______________________ :: _____________________
5.
tu : te :: __________________ : arborem
______________________ :: _____________________
6.
puella : puellae :: puer : _____________________
_____________________ :: ______________________
7.
lupus : lupum :: _________________ : rivum
______________________ :: _____________________
8.
repellit : laborat :: repellere : ____________________
_______________________ :: ____________________
9.
piscina : __________________ :: statua : statuam
______________________ :: _____________________
10.
defessa : dormit :: strenua : _____________________
_____________________ :: _____________________