15576 version 4 Page 1 of 7 Operate and manage electricity transmission network Level 6 Credits 15 Purpose People credited with this unit standard are able to: demonstrate knowledge of power system operation; identify and communicate current transmission network status; plan scheduled and unscheduled equipment outages and switching; operate transmission network equipment; manage network loading and voltage; respond to and manage transmission network events; and report the operation and controlling of the electricity transmission network. Subfield Electricity Supply Domain Electricity Supply - Power System Management Status Registered Status date 11 December 2009 Date version published 11 December 2009 Planned review date 31 December 2014 Entry information Recommended: Unit 15568, Coordinate power system outages, or demonstrate equivalent knowledge and skills. Accreditation Evaluation of documentation and visit by NZQA and industry. Standard setting body (SSB) Electricity Supply Industry Training Organisation Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP) reference 0120 This AMAP can be accessed at http://www.nzqa.govt.nz/framework/search/index.do. Special notes 1 This unit standard is intended for, but not restricted to, workplace assessment. The range statements across the unit standard can be applied according to industry specific equipment, procedures, and processes. 2 Safety of personnel and plant must be a priority throughout the assessment. If the safety requirements are not met the assessment must stop. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 2 of 7 3 Performance and work practices in relation to the elements and performance criteria must comply with all current legislation, especially the Electricity Act 1992, and any regulations and codes of practice recognised under that statute; the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992; and the Resource Management Act 1991. Electricity supply industry codes of practice and documented industry procedures include the Safety Manual – Electricity Industry (SM-EI) (2004) Wellington: Electricity Engineers’ Association. A full list of current legislation and industry codes is available from the Electricity Supply Industry Training Organisation, PO Box 1245, Waikato Mail Centre, Hamilton 3240. 4 The phrase in accordance with industry requirements is implicit in all elements and performance criteria in this unit standard. 5 Industry requirements include all asset owner requirements; manufacturers’ specifications; and enterprise requirements which cover the documented workplace policies, procedures, specifications, and business and quality management requirements relevant to the workplace in which assessment is carried out. 6 Practical workplace exercises or simulations should be used for training and assessment where possible. Elements and performance criteria Element 1 Demonstrate knowledge of power system operation. Range may include but is not limited to – active and reactive power, characteristics of end use loads, transmission and distribution plant, generation of active and reactive energy, transmission theory, static and dynamic behaviour of total system, types of faults and protection schemes, power flows. Performance criteria 1.1 Theory of electrical energy and power as applied to loads is described. Range 1.2 may include but is not limited to – resistive, inductive reactive and capacitive reactive loads; motors, inductors, capacitors. The capabilities and characteristics of power system plant are described. Range may include but is not limited to – generators, transformers, overhead lines and cables, capacitors, inductors, rotating and static reactive compensators, circuit breakers and switchgear, normal and short term current and capacity ratings, fault ratings, electrical characteristics. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 3 of 7 1.3 The principles of electrical power system operation are described. Range 1.4 The principles of electrical network protection are described. Range 1.5 includes but is not limited to – power balances and frequency maintenance, efficiency and voltages, losses, load sharing, load control systems, system reliability and security, construction methods, fault work, commissioning new equipment, planning, communications and System Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, computerised monitoring and control systems. may include but is not limited to – fault levels, system earthing, plant, busbar and circuit protection, overcurrent, earth fault, differential set points, pilot wire, distance protection, unit and nonunit protection, distance. The responsibilities of electricity transmission network controllers are defined. Range may include but is not limited to – safety, reliability and security of system and supply, maintenance of system and node voltages, effects of switching reactive loads on voltage, loading of plant within ratings, switching for loading relief, manual load shedding in event of prolonged system frequency excursions, system switching for work requirements, fault analysis and restoration switching, coordination role between network controller and security or energy coordinator. Element 2 Identify and communicate current transmission network status. Range may include but is not limited to – unavailable plant, system open point configuration, plant loadings, system and network node voltages, indications and alarms. Performance criteria 2.1 Equipment status is determined. Range 2.2 Planned events which impact on equipment status are identified and their impact determined and recorded. Range 2.3 may include but is not limited to – SCADA and panel instrumentation, indications and alarms, field communication and reports. may include but is not limited to – prepared outage and switching plans. Controller handover procedures are completed ensuring that all current and relevant information is transferred to new controller. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 4 of 7 Element 3 Plan scheduled and unscheduled equipment outages and switching. Range may include but is not limited to – outage requests, opportunity outage requests, commissioning plans, extended fault planning, annual outage planning, contract limits, customer advice. Performance criteria 3.1 Prepared outage and switching plans include all necessary procedures and resources to achieve the required outcome and allocate resources to optimise safe and efficient use. Range may include but is not limited to – transmission system and node (switchyard and substation) single line diagrams and displays, network modelling tools, system security, disruption minimisation, customer impact, reliability and security of supply. 3.2 Plans include identified risks with hazards being identified and eliminated, isolated, or minimised. 3.3 Plans are in a standard format and define locations and plant, switching sequences, contingencies, and constraints. Range may include but is not limited to – power system modelling, network studies, system and station equipment records, assurances, transfers of control. 3.4 Plans and specifications are complete, concise, and legible. 3.5 Plans are prepared and made available for all personnel involved in implementing the plans within the scheduled timeframe. 3.6 Notice is initiated to customers and other parties affected. Element 4 Operate transmission network equipment. Range may include but is not limited to – system integrity, quality control, connection and disconnection process. Performance criteria 4.1 Authority to proceed with releases is obtained. Range includes but is not limited to – security coordinator. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 5 of 7 4.2 The equipment to be operated is identified and the procedures for the operation of such equipment are complied with. Range 4.3 Operating decisions are determined in accordance with equipment status and local knowledge, and ensure operating requirements are met. Range 4.4 may include but is not limited to – plant availability and service condition, resource consent and loading limits, impact, options, alternatives. The equipment is operated in sequence within schedules and defined plant capabilities. Range 4.5 may include but is not limited to – circuit and plant switching, tap changing, circuit breakers, disconnectors, earth switches, SCADA systems. knowledge of operating standards and processes, operating orders, circuit ratings, equipment ratings, emergency ratings. The plant and equipment is monitored. Range may include but is not limited to – indications, alarms, status, defects, action confirmation, SCADA. Element 5 Manage network loading and voltage. Performance criteria 5.1 Circuit and equipment loading is monitored. Range 5.2 may include but is not limited to – load rating schedules, operating instructions, predictions of peak loads, permissible short time overloading, temperature and weather environment. Load control equipment is operated. Range may include but is not limited to – automatic under frequency load shedding, power company ripple injection, pilot wire control systems. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 6 of 7 Element 6 Respond to and manage transmission network events. Range emergency, unscheduled, abnormal condition, alarms, circuit and equipment faults, operation of protection, frequency excursion, frequency and voltage swings. Performance criteria 6.1 The event, and cause of event, are identified using all available resources. Range 6.2 The event is acknowledged. Range 6.3 may include but is not limited to – integrity of system, security of supply, local control, resource consent and remaining circuit and plant loading limits, local control over SCADA, hazardous condition, contamination, Civil Defence. The event is analysed to identify options to remedy or mitigate undesired conditions, future actions identified, and findings communicated using established analysis tools and procedures. Range 6.5 may include but is not limited to – alarms and protection flaggings acknowledged, logging, reports, time sequence. Impact of event on the transmission network, its circuits and plant, public safety, customer service, and the environment is determined and responded to. Range 6.4 may include but is not limited to – plant and equipment status indications, SCADA, reports, local knowledge, defect notification. may include but is not limited to – enterprise restoration plans and procedures, notification of defect to initiate repair, contingency analysis tools. The event reporting is conducted. Range may include but is not limited to – electronic mail, oral communication, logging, debriefing, flag sheets. Element 7 Report the operation and controlling of the electricity transmission network. Range log book, database systems, statistics, plant status changes. Performance criteria 7.1 Recorded information is accurate, complete, concise, and legible. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016 15576 version 4 Page 7 of 7 7.2 Network information is recorded in the required format and filed within scheduled timeframe. Please note Providers must be accredited by NZQA, or an inter-institutional body with delegated authority for quality assurance, before they can report credits from assessment against unit standards or deliver courses of study leading to that assessment. Industry Training Organisations must be accredited by NZQA before they can register credits from assessment against unit standards. Accredited providers and Industry Training Organisations assessing against unit standards must engage with the moderation system that applies to those standards. Accreditation requirements and an outline of the moderation system that applies to this standard are outlined in the Accreditation and Moderation Action Plan (AMAP). The AMAP also includes useful information about special requirements for organisations wishing to develop education and training programmes, such as minimum qualifications for tutors and assessors, and special resource requirements. Comments on this unit standard Please contact the Electricity Supply Industry Training Organisation info@esito.org.nz if you wish to suggest changes to the content of this unit standard. New Zealand Qualifications Authority 2016