Now Featuring Executive Office Suites
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE
Presented by:
Katie Ritter
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE
• All-suite hotel for extended-stay guests
Original Design:

Residence Inn
• Fully-equipped kitchens in each suite

Proposal & Goals
• Ground
floor
amenities:
Downtown
Norfolk,
VA

Original Structure

Architectural
Design
• Laundry facilities for guests
• 9 Stories ~ 108’ Ht.
• Indoor pool / spa / fitness

Gravity System
Re-Design
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
• 130,000 GSF
“A home away from home.”
• 160 Guest Suites

Lateral System
Re-Design
• $22 Million

Summary &
Next Steps
• Completed January 2009

Questions
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
ARCHITECTURAL BREADTH
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
STRUCTURAL OPTION
• Design new office suite floors
1
Create a new signature brand for Marriott
specifically for the business traveler, adding an
office suite dimension to hotel-style living.
• Embrace upscale design
Faculty Advisor:
• Provide green roof space for residents
• Maintain all existing vertical transportation
STRUCTURAL
DEPTH shafts
(part
2)
routes/mechanical
& penetrations
Dr. Ali Memari
• Develop loading criteria for prototype
• Apply loads to original structure & analyze
LIGHTING BREADTH
2
Engineer a prototype structure that is suitable
for numerous locations across the U.S.
• Shear wall re-design
• Innovative conference room lighting design
• Develop lateral structural solution that
satisfies code requirements with new
demands
STRUCTURAL DEPTH
(part 1)
• Maintain original shear wall locations
• Evaluate
Check original
floorofdesign
for increased
loads
feasibility
the prototype
structure
• Re-design
gravity
columns
• Variables
to consider
• Re-design
• Cost transfer girders @ 2nd Floor
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
Floor System
• 8” slab, typical
• 22’ max bay size
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
• Most economical
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE
Lateral System
Gravity System
• cast-in-place reinforced
concrete columns

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals
• (14) cast-in-place
reinforced concrete
shear walls

Original Structure
• 12” thick, typical

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
• 14” x 30”, typical
A
B
C
D E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
Dr. Ali Memari
P
Q R
S
1
3
The Pennsylvania
4
6
State University
7
8
9
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Office
Suites
24’
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
Hotel
Suites
108’
The Pennsylvania
State University
South Elevation
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
The Pennsylvania
State University
11th Floor Plan
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
Revised Gravity Loads (psf)
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE


Proposal & Goals
Original Structure

Architectural
Design


Location
Residence Inn

STRUCTURAL OPTION
Dead
Roof
10” slab
required
Live
(Incl. Self-Wt. of Slab)
Original
New
Original
New
135
135
30
30
11th
-
150
-
50/80/100
10th
-
195
-
50/80/100
Typical Floors
2nd - 9th
125
125
40
40

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
Faculty Advisor:
2’x4’ typical
• Lightweight
Dr. Ali Memari
35 psf max wet modules
8 psf pavers made from
recycled rubber
• Flexibility
Drought-resistant choice
of plantings
Gravity System
Re-Design
Lateral System
Re-Design
• Modular system
Customized to
each location
50 PSF
80 PSF
10th Floor
11
The Pennsylvania
State University
(10” slab)
100 PSF
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE


B
C
D E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q R

Architectural
Design
Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps
Questions
S
11th
2@
12’
10th
Proposal & Goals
Original Structure

A
Residence Inn


STRUCTURAL OPTION
Dr. Ali Memari
9th
1
Faculty Advisor:
8th
3
7th
4
6
6th
7
8
9
4th
5th
8@
9’-4”
The Pennsylvania
3rd
2nd
Upper
Typical
Office
Floor
Floors
- Column
- Column
Layout
Layout
17’
21’
1st
State University
19’
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Re-Design
STRUCTURAL OPTION
11th
Residence Inn


Original
Design
Potential Shortcomings of
4 ksi
14” x 30”
(10) #9

Questions
 Floor slab shear
reinforcement required
9th
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
• Double-U th
Stirrup
7
6th
• Shearheads
th
5
8@
9’-4”
4
• Cost Impact
th
Lateral System
Re-Design
Summary &
Next Steps
10th
8th
14” x 20”
(6) #8
Gravity System
Re-Design

2@
12’
Re-Design:
5 ksi
20” x 30”
(12) #10
20” x 30”
(12) #10
Pu,max = 854 kips
The Pennsylvania
3rd
2nd
 Story Drift Impact from Lateral Loads
1st
State University
19’
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
Basic Wind Speed
(3-sec. Gust)
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Other Assumptions:
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
 Exposure Category B
• Urban & suburban areas with closely
spaced obstructions
 Not located on a hill
• Topo factor, kzt = 1
V ≤ 120 mph
(Norfolk: V=110 mph)
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
Seismic Parameters:
Spectral Response Acceleration
Other Assumptions:
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
 Site Class D ~ Stiff Soil
Dr. Ali Memari
 Seismic Design Category D
• Ordinary reinforced concrete shear
walls not permitted per ASCE7-05
• Max height for special reinforced
concrete shear walls = 160’
Short Period, Ss ≤ 50
Long Period, S1 ≤ 15
The Pennsylvania
State University
• System overstrength factor = 2.5
• Redundancy factor = 1.3
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Modeling Assumptions:
 Shear Walls
•
•
•
•
Natural Periods:

Summary &
Next Steps
Tx = 1.077 sec.
Ty = 1.436 sec.
Tz = 0.857 sec.

Questions
Dr. Ali Memari
Shell areas
Maximum mesh of 24”
Cracked sections considered; 50% of stiffness
P-Delta effects included
 Floor Diaphragms
Lateral System
Re-Design

Faculty Advisor:
• Rigid
• Null areas with assigned area masses
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
STRUCTURAL OPTION
 (1a) Torsion
Modal Response Spectrum
Analysis Required
in X-Direction
 (1b) Extreme Torsion
in Y-Direction
Y
X
 (2)
Reentrant Corner
@ Upper Office Floors
• Equivalent Lateral Force procedure
used to obtain seismic loads for
preliminary design
Diaphragm Considerations:
• Connections to Shear Walls
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
The Pennsylvania
State University
• Model as semi-rigid
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
Y-Direction
X-Direction
Shear
Shear Walls
Walls
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE


Residence Inn
Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
23
25 26
52 22
42
18
17
12
9
1
9 6 9
1
1
17
31
28
7
STRUCTURAL OPTION
24
22
9
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
17
24
8
16
1
Y
X
The Pennsylvania
State University
% Lateral
Resistance
Length
(ft) (ft)
% Lateral
Resistance WallWall
Length
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
Unfactored Base Shear
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure
Critical Loads at Base of Shear Walls
963
326
LC (5):
1.293D + 0.5L + 0.2S + 1.3E

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
X-Direction
Loading
X-Direction
LC (4):
1.2D + 1.0L + 0.5Lr + 1.6W
Y
Y- Direction
Loading
X
943 911
Controlling
Axial
Shear Moment
Pu (kips) Vu (kips) Mu (ft-k)
Shear Wall
Load
Combination
SW-2
SW-4
SW-5
SW-7
SW-9
SW-11
SW-13
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
235
12
Wind
2,169
640
175Seismic
13
216
12
1,468
343
235
16
722
191
476
51,115
509
481
23,980
678
11,752
SW-1
SW-3
SW-6
SW-8
SW-10
SW-12
SW-14
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
1,701
532
2,056
689
424
749
689
15,350
10,980
14,626
4,998
7,306
24,021
6,117
Y-Direction
270
182
378
89
121
327
108
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
SW-4
Boundary Element Design
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design


Gravity System
Re-Design
Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
(16) #10
12”
STRUCTURAL OPTION
24”
% Material Increase Required for
SW-4
16%
118’
Mu = 51,115
ft-k
Dr. Ali Memari
52%
40”
(5) #5 ties @ 6” vertical spacing
Pu = 2,169 k
Faculty Advisor:
(2) curtains #9 @ 12” EW
Prototype
Norfolk, VA
The Pennsylvania
State University
Shear & Flexural
Reinforcing
42’
Vu = 640 k
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
PROS
CONS
• Loading criteria meets
demands of large
geographic area
• Potentially significant
increase in material
CO$T to ‘overdesign’
• Design capable of
having minimal impact
on architecture &
interiors
• Impossible to ‘preengineer’ completely
due to multiple
assumptions that must
be made upfront
Summary of Assumptions for Prototype
• Wind
• V ≤ 120 mph
• Closely spaced obstructions nearby
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
• Seismic
• Site Class D
• SDC-D
• Snow
• Ground snow load = 30 psf
The Pennsylvania
State University
April 14, 2009
Katie
NEXT STEPS…
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn
ARCHITECTURAL BREADTH
STRUCTURAL DEPTHS
Conference room lighting design
• Design new office suite floors
• Check original floor design for increased
loads
 Re-design of transfer girders
• Embrace upscale design

Proposal & Goals
• Provide green roof space for
residents
• Re-design gravity columns

Original Structure
• Develop loading criteria for prototype

Architectural
Design
• Maintain all existing vertical
transportation routes/mechanical
shafts & penetrations

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
LIGHTING BREADTH
• Innovative conference room lighting
design
• Re-design transfer girders @ 2nd Floor
 Perform modal response spectrum
analysis & identify if resulting loads
are more critical than ELF
Ritter
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
• Apply loads to original structure & analyze
• Shear wall re-design
• Develop lateral structural solution
that satisfies code requirements with
new demands
• Maintain original shear wall locations
• Evaluate feasibility of the prototype
structure
• Variables to consider
• Cost
Re-design & re-model shear walls
based on updated loads
Reinforcement detail @ openings
Check drift & modify as necessary
The Pennsylvania
State University
Re-check column design with
displacements
Cost analysis of prototype
April 14, 2009
Katie
Ritter
DEVELOPING A PROTOTYPE

Residence Inn

Proposal & Goals

Original Structure

Architectural
Design

Gravity System
Re-Design

Lateral System
Re-Design

Summary &
Next Steps

Questions
Special thanks to:
• Advisor: Dr. Ali Memari
• Dr. Andres Lepage
• Professor Kevin Parfitt
•
•
•
•
Holbert Apple Assoc.
LTD Management Co.
JN+A
Clancy + Theys Construction Co.
• AE Faculty & Staff
STRUCTURAL OPTION
Faculty Advisor:
Dr. Ali Memari
The Pennsylvania
State University
• Family & Friends
April 14, 2009