Which structures move with the testes during
their descent from the abdomen?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Testicular artery, spermatic cord, and seminal
vesicles
Ductus deferens, testicular artery, lymph vessels,
and nerves
Lymph vessels, gubernaculum testis, and a pocket
of peritoneal cavity
Testicular artery, spermatozoa, and semen
On a warm day, why will the cremaster muscle
be relaxed?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Normal sperm development depends on the testes
being 1.1oC warmer than body temperature.
Healthy levels of testosterone are maintained by
fluctuations of the cremaster muscle.
Normal sperm development depends on the testes
being 1.1oC cooler than body temperature.
1 and 2 are correct.
When stem cells called spermatogonia divide,
one differentiates into a primary spermatocyte.
What happens to the second daughter cell?
1. It undergoes atresia.
2. It secretes testosterone.
3. It continues through the layers of the
seminiferous tubule without differentiating.
4. It remains in the outer layer of the
seminiferous tubule.
Which of the following occurs during the
process of spermiogenesis?
1. Spermatids differentiate into mature sperm.
2. Primary spermatocytes begin meiosis.
3. Primary spermatocytes give rise to
secondary spermatocytes.
4. All of the above are correct.
Which of the following is not a function of
sustenacular cells?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Maintain the blood-testis barrier
Promote division ofAnswer:
spermatogonia
Produce androgens, particularly testosterone
Regulate FSH and GnRH secretion
How is the generation of four sperm
possible from one spermatogonium?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Meiosis I yields two haploid secondary spermatocytes,
which go through meiosis II and become four haploid
spermatids.
The spermatogonium divides four times during meiosis I.
The spermatogonium produces two primary
spermatocytes, which then divide again in meiosis II.
1 and 3 are correct.
If secretions from the prostate gland are
absent from semen, how does the
composition of semen change?
1. Semen is of the same composition, but sperm
are not released.
2. Its pH is higher and its volume decreases by
about 30%.
3. Its pH is lower and the fructose content
decreases.
4. None of the above is correct.
If a male has his prepuce surgically
removed, what has happened to him?
1.
2.
3.
4.
He will not be able to maintain an erection.
He will not be able to bear children.
His prostate has been removed.
He has been circumcised.
What will happen to the penis if the arteries
within the penis dilate?
1. The male becomes impotent.
2. Nitric oxide ceases to be released and the
penis becomes flaccid.
3. The male attains an erection.
4. The male ejaculates.
What is a direct effect of low FSH secretion in
males?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Secretion of inhibin is promoted.
The rate of sperm production decreases.
His sex drive declines significantly.
The pulses of GnRH from the
hypothalamus develop the female pattern
of release.
Which of the following is not a function of the
ovaries?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Production of oocytes
Secretion of estrogen and progesterone
Secretion of FSH and LH
Secretion of inhibin
Which of the following is true of oogenesis?
1. Oogonia complete their mitotic divisions
before birth.
2. At puberty, a female has a renewing source of
oogonia.
3. The oocyte is mature at ovulation.
4. Primary oocytes are halted in development at
metaphase of meiosis II until puberty.
Why does oogenesis yield only one functional
ovum?
1.
2.
3.
4.
When the primary oocyte divides, its counterpart
remains in the outer layer of the ovary to maintain
the supply of oocytes.
Oogenesis produces 2 or 3 polar bodies, which
later disintegrate.
Cytoplasm is unevenly distributed during mitosis in
the primary oocyte.
2 and 3 are correct.
What is the fate of the corpus luteum if fertilization
does not occur?
1.
2.
3.
4.
It stimulates ovulation.
It initiates development of the tertiary follicle.
It secretes estrogen.
It disintegrates into a corpus albicans.
What effect does blockage of both uterine tubes
by scar tissue (resulting from an STD) have on a
woman’s ability to conceive?
1.
2.
3.
4.
It is easier for her to conceive.
She becomes sterile.
She is likely to have low-birth weight babies.
There is no effect on conception.
How is an oocyte transported along the uterine
tube?
1. The fimbriae propel the ovum along the
uterine tube.
2. Ciliary movement “turns on” just before
ovulation to propel the oocyte.
3. Peristaltic contractions of the uterine tube
propel the oocyte.
4. 2 and 3 are correct.
What benefit does the acidic pH of the vagina
provide?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Enhances sperm motility
Prevents mucus secretions
Maintains epithelial lining
Prevents bacterial, fungal, and parasitic
infections
Which layer of the uterus is sloughed off during
menstruation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Myometrium
Basilar zone of the endometrium
Functional layer of the endometrium
Perimetrium
Which scenario results in females if GnRH is
absent or it is secreted at a constant rate, rather
than in pulses?
1.
2.
3.
4.
The gonadotropes preferentially respond to FSH.
FSH and LH secretion stops within hours.
The gonadotropes preferentially respond to LH.
Body hair and fat distribution changes to that of a
male.
What changes are observed in the ovarian
cycle if the LH surge does not occur?
1. Premature ovulation occurs, resulting in
a mismatch of ovarian and uterine
cycles.
2. No follicular development occurs.
3. Oogenesis does not occur.
4. Completion of meiosis I by the primary
oocyte and ovulation will not occur.
What effect does a blockage of progesterone
receptors in the uterus have on the
endometrium?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Inhibits menstruation
Promotes glandular secretion
Inhibits thickening of endometrium
Promotes development of endometrial
lining
What event occurs in the uterine cycle when the
levels of estrogens and progesterone decline?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pregnancy
Menarche
Menses
Menopause
An inability to contract the ischiocavernosus
and bulbospongiosus muscles impedes which
part(s) of the male sex act?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ejaculation
Orgasm
Erection
1 and 2
What changes occur in females during sexual
arousal as the result of increased
parasympathetic stimulation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Erectile tissues of the clitoris engorge.
Vaginal glandular secretions increase.
Blood vessels in nipples engorge.
All of the above occur.
Why does the level of FSH rise and remain
high during menopause?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Estrogen levels decline.
The ovaries no longer respond to FSH.
It is a result of increased LH levels.
It is because GnRH levels increase.
What is the male climacteric?
1. It is the name given to the male orgasm.
2. It happens when testosterone levels increase
and cause the man to be hypersexual.
3. It is the male equivalent to perimenopause.
4. It is a precancerous condition of the testes.