The “Is” and the “Ought” and the Naturalistic Fallacy The Naturalistic Fallacy – David Hume You cannot derive a prescriptive claim or conclusion from a series of descriptive claims. Children are suffering from malaria in Country X. Ninety-percent of the people who get malaria in Country X die from it. We have a cheap but good vaccination against malaria. In our public health funds we have enough money to pay for all the children in Country X to have the vaccine. We should use our public health to vaccinate children in Country X.