Chapter 2 section 2
Egypt
What purposes do rivers serve???
Geography: The Nile River
(DNWTD)
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Without the Nile, Egypt would be swallowed up
by deserts that surround it
The desert protected Egypt from invasion, but
it also limited where people could settle.
Farmers took advantage of the Nile by planting
wheat and flax. Flax is a plant whose fibers
were used for clothing.
Flooding produced good land for farmers (silt)
Nile Delta
A delta is a triangular shaped
landform where the mouth of
a river flows into an ocean,
sea, desert or lake,
A View of Egypt by Satellite
The Annual Flooding of the
Nile
The Fertile Nile Valley
Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf
Ancient Egyptian History
Periods
Time Frame
Nile Culture Begins
Archaic
Old Kingdom
Middle Kingdom
3900 B. C. E.
3100 – 2650 B. C. E.
2650 – 2134 B. C. E.
2040 – 1640 B. C. E.
New Kingdom
1550 – 1070 B. C. E.
Late Period
Greek Ptolemaic Era
750 – 332 B. C. E.
332 – 30 B. C. E.
Roman Period
30 B. C. E. – 395 C. E.
Menes:
Unifier of Upper & Lower
Egypt
c. 3050 B. C. E.
?
Ancient Egyptian Housing
Middle Class
Homes
Peasant
Homes
Scenes of Ancient Egyptian
Daily Life
Ancient Egypt Government
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Ruled by Pharaohs who organized a strong,
centralized state.
Egyptians believed the Pharaoh was a god
Owned the land, and had absolute power.
Took pride in preserving justice and order
DNWTD
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The Pharaoh depended on a Vizier, or
chief minister to supervise the business
of the Government.
under the vizier, various bureaus looked
after matters like tax collection, farming,
and irrigation of the crops.
scribes carried out the vizier's wishes
Egyptian Social Hierarchy
Class structure
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Pharaoh
Priest/Nobles
Wealthy Merchants
Artisans
Farmers (peasants)
Slaves
The Egyptians are well known for their
pyramids
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tombs for eternity
Believed in afterlife, they preserved their
dead rulers and provided them with
everything they would need in their new
lives.
Preparation for
the Afterlife
Egyptian Mummies
Seti I
1291-1278 B. C. E.
Queen Tiye,
wife of
Amenhotep II
1210-1200 B. C. E.
Ramses II
1279-1212 B. C. E.
DNWTD
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Farmers were expected to work for the
Pharaoh in the off season
Women-high status- could own
property/business/buy and sell goods.
They could also go to court to get
divorces.
QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video 3 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Egyptian form of writing
 Used symbols
to represent words
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QuickTime™ and a
Sorenson Video 3 decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Papyrus  Paper
Hieratic Scroll
Piece
Papyrus Plant
Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship
1
10
100 1000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
What number is
this?
Champollion & the Rosetta
Stone
Hieroglyphic
“Cartouche”
Hieroglyphics “Alphabet”
24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols