RELIGIOUS DISPUTES
ECONOMIC/POLITICAL GAIN
PERSONAL/EMOTIONAL
HENRY VII (1485-1509)
HENRY VIII (1509-1547)
EDWARD VI (1547-1553)
Lady Jane Grey (1554)
MARY I (1553-1558)
ELIZABETH I (1558-1603)
Henry VIII’s CHildren
1510
1511
1513
1514
1516
1518
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
Daughter - died
Son - died
Son - died
Son - died
Mary - survived
Daughter - died
Elizabeth - survived
Son - died
unknown - died
Son - died
Edward - survived
Henry VIII – Catholic
1521 – Defense of the
Seven Sacraments –
against Luther
Pope Leo X (15151521)– “Defender of
the Faith”
“Good Catholic”
• Originally, he did not
intend to change the
doctrines at all.
• He just wanted to be
the head of the
church and not
subject to the Pope’s
authority.
• Once the separation
began, many
reformers in England
saw this as a welcome
move
Henry’s attitude became
more extreme over time
Henry VIII was in love with Anne Boleyn—
this gave him another excuse to pursue the
separation from Rome
Anne would not become his mistress.
She wanted to be Queen or nothing else
Their courtship went on for almost seven
years. Henry VIII risked all for his lust of
Anne Boleyn
“New Monarch”
Divorce – “The
Matter”
6 Years
Series of Legislation Act of Supremacy
(1534) “Head of the
Church and State”
Six Wives
Lesson: Never lose your mind
over a woman.
Or you will keep these people
in business
Henry VIII confiscated monastic lands and
church wealth as the English Reformation
ensued
The monasteries were dissolved.
The land and wealth was passed out to
Henry’s loyal followers
Many monasteries and abbeys fell into
disrepair and ruin
Their ruins inspired the
Romantic poets of the
early 19th century
Other church buildings were saved
when they became Protestant Churches
Many churches suffer vandalism when their
statues and windows are smashed in an
anti-Catholic reaction
The landed classes will continue to support
the Kings and
Queens of England
Henry marries Anne Boleyn in 1532
They have a daughter, Elizabeth, in
1533
• Henry moves quickly to eliminate Anne when
she gives birth to a still born son a year and a
half later
Anne was put on trial, and the
accusations against her were solicited
under torture.
Anne was executed by a French Swordsman
at the Tower of London in 1536
She left the baby Elizabeth who will
eventually become England’s greatest
Queen
Henry goes on to have four more wives.
His third wife, Jane Seymour will finally give him
son. She will die ten days later
Laid the foundation for the MODERN
NATION STATE
Centralized Power
Dissolved the Monasteries / Sold Land
Controlled Nobility / Church
Executed those who opposed – Treason
Sir Thomas More (1475 -1535)
1st Battle ship – Mary Rose (1545)
(r. 1553-1558)
Daughter of Henry VIII
& Catherine of Aragon
Devout Catholic
Married Philip II (Spain)
1555
“Bloody Mary”
Burned 300 Protestants
(r. 1558-1603)
Daughter of Henry VIII
and Anne Boleyn
“I may not be a lion,
but I am a lion’s cub,
and I have a lion’s
heart”
“Virgin Queen”
The Last TUDOR
ABSOLUTISM????
Politique
Parliament – Legislation
Religious upheaval – 30
years
RELIGIOUS UNITY =
POLITICAL UNITY
ANGLICAN CHURCH
“Great Council”
Evolutionary Process
Bi-Cameral Legislature
House of Lords
House of Commons
(1542-1587)
Stuart
Cousin of Elizabeth I
Queen of Scotland
(1542-1567)
Catholic = heir to the
throne
Imprisoned 19 years
Beheaded