Information
Processing Learning
Theory
And Instruction
Input
CPU
Mouse
Keyboard
Scanner
Joystick
WebCam
RAM
Hard Drive
Floppy
CD
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
Output
Store this input on your hard
drive…in order.
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Spine-tailed Swift
Permian
Frigate
Spur-winged
goose
Carboniferous
Red-breasted merganser
Devonian
White-rumped swift
Crivasback duck
Silurian
Eider duck
Teal
Ordovician
Mallard
Cambrian
Pintail
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Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
• RAMIBMRADARSONAR
• RAM IBM RADAR SONAR
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Memory = Encoding
• Pay attention
• Rehearse
• Process at a Deep
Level
– Shallow
– Deep
– Deepest
• Elaborate
• Construct images
• Organize
CPU
Mouse
Keyboard
Scanner
Joystick
WebCam
RAM
Hard Drive
Floppy
CD
Input
Monitor
Printer
Speakers
Output
CENTRAL EXECUTIVE
Sensory
Memory
Attention
Working
Memory
Learning
Retrieval
Long Term
Memory
Sensory
Memory
• Types
• Capacity
• Content
• Duration
Sensory
Memory
Attention
Must have ATTENTION!
Directed by Working Memory.
Working
Memory
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Content
Duration
Capacity
Parts
- Central exec
- Phonological
- Visual-Spatial
Working Memory
Phonological
Input
Sensory
Central
Executive
Visual-Spatial
Long Term
Learning and
Retrieval
Working
Memory
Learning
Rehearsal
-Maintenance
-Elaborative
Memory = Encoding
• Pay attention
• Rehearse
• Process at a Deep
Level
– Shallow
– Deep
– Deepest
• Elaborate
• Construct images
• Organize
Working
Memory
Affected by:
Prior knowledge
Emotions
Senses
Retrieval
Long Term
Memory
• Capacity
• Duration
• Content
Types of Long Term Memory
Long Term Memory
Declarative
(Explicit)
Procedural
(Implicit)
Explicit (KNOWING THAT)
• What you’ve
experienced
(episodic) in your
life.
• What you’ve learned
(semantic), not
relative to your life.
Implicit (KNOWING HOW)
• Procedural
• Conditioning,
habituation
• Priming
• Skills
The triny twerples twitled
tattingly.
• What were the
twerples doing?
• How did they twitle?
• What kind of twerples
were they?
Getting stuff in and out…
Learning
• Metacognition
• Meaningful -ness
• Mnemonics
• Memorization (rote)
Retrieval
Mnemonics
• How did you
memorize the
lists from before?
• Types
– Loci
– Acronyms
– Acrostics
– Songs
– Etc.
Rote Memorization
“Memorization is
what we resort
to when what
we’re learning
doesn’t make
sense.”
Forgetting
• Decay
• Interference
So, for teaching
• Get their attention!
• Teach kids to organize
information to remember it.
– Images
– Stories
– Mnemonics
• Make it meaningful!
(Context)