A Timeline of……
Pre-1941
Kirby-CHS
World War II
We will be using “WWII Timeline (Pre-1941)”
Note Taking Format Today!
Don’t be a victim…..
Own the day!
Relax and enjoy the ride
in World History Class!
Unit Learning Objectives:
North Clackamas School District Social Studies Priority
Priority Standard:
HK 2. Analyze the complexity and investigate
causes and effects of significant events in World
History.
Run to the target
Forest….Run!!!
Lesson One : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
How WWII started in six simple steps
Totalitarian Governments and
their leaders during WWII
1. JAPANESE &
ITALIAN
IMPERIALISM
(Manchuria, China,
& Ethiopia taken)
2. HITLER REARMS
GERMANY
(Against
Versailles;
Appeasement)
3. GERMAN
TROOPS
OCCUPY
RHINELAND
(Against
Versailles;
Appeasement)
How Did World
War II Start?
6. HITLER
CONQUERS
POLAND
(Splits Poland
with Stalin –
Britain & France
Declare war)
In Six simple steps
5. HITLER TAKES
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
(Appeasement is
a total failure
at Munich)
4. HITLER TAKES
AUSTRIA
(Against Versailles;
Appeasement)
 Which of these steps do you believe
was the most Significant step
in starting WWII?
What is a Totalitarian
Government?
 Share ideas in your group
 Share out
A Totalitarian Government
is….
A form of government that
restricts personal freedoms and
prohibits political opposition.
A Totalitarian Dictator is….
The leader of a totalitarian government
who does not allow political opposition
and seeks to control all areas of society
and citizens’ lives.
What is ideology?
 Dictionary defines as:
 The doctrines, opinions, or way of thinking of an
individual, class of people, etc.
Example:
- Steelers Fans Believe:
- Greatest NFL Franchise ever
- Six Time Super Bowl Winners
- The Black and Gold Rules!
Totalitarian Governments & Leaders
 Benito Mussolini
 Leader of Italy
 Fascist
 Fascist Ideology
 State over individual.
 Uses power to control property
owners.
 Citizens are expected to support
the government.
 Everything serves the government:
businesses, schools, the media.
Totalitarian Governments & Leaders
 Adolf Hitler
 Germany
 Socialist (Nazi)
 Socialist (Nazi) Ideology
 State over individuals and human
rights.
 Control all aspects of German society.
 Redistribute wealth, welfare state,
nationalism & pride through
propaganda.
 Sought ownership of key industries:
banks, schools, Germany’s healthcare
system, segments of the church.
Totalitarian Governments & Leaders
 Joseph Stalin
 Soviet Union
 Communist
 Communist Ideology
 Workers unite to overthrow
capitalism.
 Governments not necessary,
people share resources to
survive.
 Welfare of state over
individuals.
 State owned nearly all property;
limited personal freedoms.
The Axis Powers
In 1936 Italy, Germany, and Japan formed the Axis alliance
and agreed to allow each other to pursue their own empires
and combat Soviet communism.
Both Germany and Italy sent troops to Spain
to help fascist General Francisco Franco gain
power in the Spanish Civil War. During the
action, Germany experimented with its new
planes and tanks, and Hitler was encouraged
with the effective results.
The Axis Powers
 Which of these leaders was the most:
 Dangerous to mankind
 Power hungry
 Rational/thoughtful
 Open to new Ideas
 Infamous
 Give your rational for each statement
A Timeline of……
Project Work
Kirby-CHS
Lesson Two : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
German Aggression in WWII
Name the three Axis Powers.
If you were Great Britain, what country would
you be most concerned about and why?
1. Hitler’s
Militarism
Seeking his own empire, Hitler rebuilt the German military.
This violated the Treaty of Versailles, but once again the
League of Nations did nothing.
2. Czechoslovakia
With Austria taken, in 1938 Hitler demanded
the Sudetenland, which was the western
portion of Czechoslovakia that was mostly
inhabited by Germans.
Hitler and Nazi propaganda leader Josef
Goebbels fabricated stories of atrocities
against Germans living in the Sudetenland.
To discuss the matter and avert war, the
leaders of Britain and France agreed to
meet Hitler in Munich.
Germany Invasions, Pre-1939
0 Rhineland--------March 1936
0 Austria-----------March 1938
0 Sudetenland----September 1938
0 Bohemia-Moravia------March 1939
0 Slovakia----------March 1939
Countries Invaded By Germany,
Pre-1939
Go Over Map Activity Now!
A Timeline of……
Project Work
Kirby-CHS
Lesson Three : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
The Appeasement of Hitler
Who decided to meet Hitler in Munich
and why were they meeting?
Czechoslovakia
With Austria taken, in 1938 Hitler demanded
the Sudetenland, which was the western
portion of Czechoslovakia that was mostly
inhabited by Germans.
Hitler and Nazi propaganda leader Josef
Goebbels fabricated stories of atrocities
against Germans living in the Sudetenland.
To discuss the matter and avert war, the
leaders of Britain and France agreed to
meet Hitler in Munich.
Do you think the land Hitler was aquiring for
Germany was merely expansion or something more
sinister: “A hostile takeover”? Why?
Hitler challenged Britain and France and
won. Although they denounced Hitler’s
moves with words, the western powers
took no action, adopting a policy of
appeasement.
Appeasement – giving in to an
aggressor’s demands in hopes of
keeping the peace.
Meeting at Munich, 1938
0 A treaty was signed agreeing to Hitler’s capture of
Sudentenland in exchange for his promise not to invade
anymore territories.
0 Such an approach is known as appeasement, the
practice of giving aggressors what they want and
hoping they will be satisfied and stop the aggressive
behavior.
Appeasement convinced Hitler that
Britain and France were weak,
which encouraged him to continue
to break the Treaty of Versailles
and further expand the Third Reich.
Overjoyed with their victory, the
German public rallied behind their
triumphant Fuhrer.
Pacifism –
Against
all War
Great
Depression
Weakness
Lack of
Strong
Leadership
Some
Agreed
with Hitler
Hitler was
a Defense
against
Communism
Meeting at Munich, 1938
Who were the three signers of the Munich
treaty?
0 Germany
0 France
0 Great Britain
Meeting at
Munich, 1938
Leaders:
Center:
Adolf Hitler,
Germany
Left:
Neville Chamberlain,
Great Britain
Right:
Edouard Daladier,
France
Winston Churchill
0 Prime Minister of Great Britain
during WWII.
0 Said after the Meeting at Munich
(when he was a member of
Parliament): “Britain and France
had to choose between war and
dishonor. They chose dishonor.
They will have war.”
Hitler’s Power Grows
A Timeline of……
Project Work
Kirby-CHS
Lesson Four : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
The unusual alliance of Hitler and Stalin
With war on the horizon, both Britain and Nazi Germany worked to gain an alliance
with the USSR. In 1939 Hitler announced to the world a non-aggression pact with the
Soviet Union. Hitler had secretly promised Stalin that they would split Poland.
Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union invaded Poland only one week after their pact
was formed, and defeated the weaker country in less than a month. Britain and
France responded by declaring war on Germany, thus beginning World War II.
Nazi/Soviet War
with Poland
RUSSIA
GERMANY
R
POLAND
C
S
FRANCE
A
A Timeline of……
Project Work
Kirby-CHS
Lesson Five : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
Japanese Aggression in WWII
Italian Aggression in WWII
U.S. Policy: Isolation and Neutrality
Japanese
Aggression
Since the Meiji Restoration Japan had been growing more
nationalistic, militaristic, and imperialistic. A military government
controlled Japan, and it desired a vast Asian empire.
To attain this imperial goal
Japan conquered Manchuria in
1931. The League of Nations,
which was formed to keep the
peace after WWI, merely
condemned the aggression
and took no action against
Japan.
Japan then conquered much of eastern China in
1937, brutally killing thousands in what became
known as the “Rape of Nanking.” Again, the
League of Nations did nothing but protest.
BONSAI!
Japanese Aggression (1937-39
Between 1937 and 1939 Japan tried to
seize the rest of China. They were
successful along the coast, but not in the
countryside.
Italian Aggression
Like Japan, fascist Italy was also
militaristic, nationalistic, and had dreams
of an empire. Mussolini used his
modern military to conquer Ethiopia in
1935.
Ethiopia appealed to the League of
Nations for help, but the league
merely responded with sanctions, or
economic penalties, against Italy.
The sanctions were never enforced,
and by 1936 Mussolini fully
controlled Ethiopia.
Ethiopian King at
League of Nations
U.S. Policy: Isolation & Neutrality
Despite the concerns caused by aggressive dictators in
Europe and Japan, the United States continued to
practice isolationism, the policy of:
The U.S. staying out of any alliances that could drag
it into war in Europe or Southeast Asia.
U.S. Policy: Isolation & Neutrality
Responding to the isolationist sentiment, Congress
passed the Neutrality Act of 1935. The Act:
Prohibited the sale of weapons to warring nations
and was meant to keep the U.S. from forming
alliances that might drag the nation to war.
U.S. Policy:
Isolation and
Neutrality
President Roosevelt—
Knew that it would be
difficult for the U.S. to
stay out of a conflict in
Europe.
A Timeline of……
Project Work
Kirby-CHS
Lesson Six : Daily Learning Target
I Can analyze and write about….
How WWII begins in Europe
The Lend-Lease Act
 Why the U.S. enters into WWII
World War II Begins in
Europe
Hitler believed the German people needed
lebensraum, which means “living space”. He
intended to achieve this goal by conquering the Soviet
Union, use its land for the German people, and control
its rich natural resources.
*[This is why Hitler invaded the Soviet Union!!]
WWII Begins in Europe
Hitler signed a non-aggression pact with Joseph
Stalin. The pact was an agreement that neither
country would attack the other. Both men believed
the pact was a strategic move: Hitler saw it as a way to
keep the USSR from attacking Germany, while Stalin
saw it as a way to provide the USSR with time to
prepare for Germany’s inevitable invasion.
WWII Begins in Europe
In September 1939 Hitler’s army invaded Poland.
The new type of military strategy the Germans used is
called blitzkrieg (meaning “lightening war”). This
strategy involved striking fast and hard with tanks
and airplanes, catching other nations off guard and
allowed Germany to quickly overwhelm the nations it
invaded.
The Lend-Lease Act
 1941: Roosevelt is convinced that the U.S. cannot
stay out of the war much longer, even though most
citizens favor neutrality.
 March 1941: Congress passes the Lend-Lease Act,
which enables the president to send aid to any
nation whose defense is considered vital to the
United States’ national security. This enables the
U.S. to aid Great Britain.
The Lend-Lease Act
0 One of the greatest dangers to the U.S. Lend-Lease
policy was the German U-boats, which were
submarines that traveled underwater and could
torpedo and sink ships believed to be carrying
weapons and supplies to Great Britain.
The Lend-Lease Act
0 To help carry out Lend-Lease trade, the United States
manufactured Liberty Ships, which were cargo ships
especially for the purpose of transporting U.S. goods
to Great Britain to support its war effort against the
Nazis.
The U.S. Enters War:
Pearl Harbor
The U.S. Enters War:
Pearl Harbor
 Japan had become an imperialist force in Eastern Asia. Its
military invaded foreign territories in the region with the goal
of gaining resources.
 In 1941, when Japan set its sights on conquering more of
Eastern and Southeast Asia, the United States imposed an
embargo on oil and steel. After the embargo, Japan set its
sights on going after the rich natural resources of the Dutch
East Indies.
The U.S. Enters War:
Pearl Harbor
0 Japan viewed the U.S. naval fleet anchored at Pearl
Harbor, Hawaii as a threat to its ability to conquer
the territories it wanted.
The U.S. Enters War:
Pearl Harbor
0 Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto devised a plan to
sail six (6) aircraft carriers across the Pacific
undetected. Once in place, these carriers would
launch a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. The
Japanese ships maintained radio silence on their way
to Hawaii.
The U.S. Enters War:
Pearl Harbor
0 The United States believed the Japanese would attack
but did not know where. They believed that the
waters of Pearl Harbor would be too shallow for
Japanese planes to drop torpedoes.
December 7, 1941
0 Japanese airplanes began the first wave of bombings
on the Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor.
0 United States military personnel detected the
incoming planes on radar, but they ignored the
warning because they thought it was U.S. planes
arriving from the mainland.
December 7, 1941
0 In less than two hours, the Japanese air attack sank or
seriously damaged a dozen (12)naval vessels,
destroyed almost two hundred (200) warplanes, and
killed or wounded nearly three-thousand (3,000)
people.
December 8, 1941
0 President delivers a speech. He describes December
7, 1941 as:
“a day which will live in infamy!”
December 8, 1941
“a day which will live in infamy!”
Create a U.S.WWII
Recruitment Poster Now!
 Did the United States
enter WWII too
late in your opinion?
Why or why not?