Name: _________________________________ Per. ____________ Date___________ Causes & Effects of the ancient Greek Wars WAR CAUSES - TROJAN WAR - DATE: 1200 – 1190 B.C.E. - - - PERSIAN WARS - DATE: __499 - 479 B.C.E.___ - Troy located at the only connection between Black and Aegean Seas Centrally located in the Aegean World; became trade center Greeks wanted to control this location to keep control over the trade and colonization of the region Greed, jealously, power, $ Helen, Queen of Sparta, was stolen by Paris, Prince of Troy Ionian colonies tired of Persian taxes, fighting in their military rebelled Darius wanted to keep control and extend territory, power, wealth: greed Greeks developing a new threatening form of gov’t: democracy - PELOPONNESIAN WAR DATE: _431 -404 B.C.E.____ The city of Megara was banned from trading at the Athenian Agora - Athens and Corinth fought a naval battle over representation in the trade centers - Sparta grew jealous of Athens' power and declared war. EFFECTS - - Troy was destroyed, its citizens killed or enslaved Greeks control the major trade center and trade route of the region Greeks returned to Greece w/ more resources, power, and $ Helen is returned to Greece Homer’s Epic Poems – 400 years later -Greeks win, but cities are destroyed, huge loss of life - Xerxes embarrassed, and Persian Empire stopped from expanding further into Europe - Golden Age of Athens, becomes the most powerful/influential polis: peace, prosperity, democracy & freedom cultural advances - Greek legacy survives and helps shape the world - Sparta wins the war, but fighting between the city-states continued - Philip II of Macedonia knew the Greeks were divided and weak. He attacked and defeated the Greeks. - Philip's son, Alexander, would extend Macedonian rule spreading Greek ideals throughout the region