OLLSCOIL NA hEIREANN,
GAILLIMH
SUMMER EXAMINATIONS 1999
SECOND SCIENCE
MICROBIOLOGY
FIRST PAPER
EXTERN EXAMINER Professor J Smith
INTERN EXAMINER Internal Examiners
TIME ALLOWED: 3 hours
ANSWER FIVE QUESTIONS
(INDICATE CLEARLY THE QUESTIONS ANSWERED ON THE FIRST
PAGE OF YOUR ANSWER BOOK)
1.
Write an essay entitled "Gene Transciption" detailing the enzymes
involved, gene promoter structure, and how transciption is terminated
at the end of a gene.
2.
Write an essay describing bacterial gene transfer by conjugation. Note
one scientific application using conjugation.
3.
Compare and contrast the Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacterial cell.
4.
Write an essay on bacterial cell motility.
5.
Compare and contrast the influences of temperature and pH on the
growth of micro-organisms.
6.
Discuss the techniques of batch culture and continuous culture.
Include in your discussion an appraisal of their advantages and
disadvantages, and suitable diagrams illustrating these techniques.
7.
Define the term chemolithotrophy. Describe the mechanisms whereby
chemolithotrophs obtain energy and reducing power for growth.
8.
Outline the main characteristics of bacterial fermentation pathways. In
your answer give examples of specific fermentation pathways.