Matakuliah
Tahun
Versi
: J0454 / Sistem Informasi Manajemen
: 2006
:1/1
Pertemuan 1 & 2
Foundations of Information Systems
1
Learning Outcomes
Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa
akan mampu :
• Mahasiswa akan dapat menyebutkan
komponen dari Sistem Informasi  C1
2
Outline Materi
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Information Systems in Business
The Fundamental Roles of IS in Business
Trends in Information Systems
The Components of Information Systems
Components of an Information Systems
Information Systems Activities
3
Information Technologies
What is an Information System?
• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software
• Telecommunications
Network
• Data Resource
Management
4
IS Framework for Business
Information
Systems
Foundation Concepts
Information Technologies
Business Applications
Development Processes
Management Challenges
Management
Challenges
Business
Information
Applications
Technologies
Information
Systems
Development Foundation
Processes
Concepts
5
Roles of IS in Business
Support
Strategies
for Competitive
Advantage
Support
Business Decision
Making
Support
Business Processes and Operations
6
Roles of e-Business in Business
The Internet
Suppliers and Other
Business Partners
Extranets
Company
Boundary
Supply chain management:
Procurement, Distribution, and Logistics
Intranets
Engineering and
Research
Manufacturing
and Production
Accounting and
Finance
Intranets
Customer relationship management:
Marketing
Sales
Customer Service
Extranets
Consumers and
Business Customers
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Expanding Roles of IS in Business and Management
Electronic Business & Commerce:
1990s – 2000s
Internet-Based E-Business and ECommerce systems
Strategic and End User Support:
1980s – 1990s
End User Computing Systems
Executive Information Systems
Expert Systems
Strategic Information Systems
Decision Support:
1970s – 1980s
Decision Support Systems
Management Reporting:
1960s – 1970s
Management Information Systems
Data Processing:
1950s – 1960s
Electronic Data Processing Systems
Expanding Participation of End Users and Managers in IS
Trends in Information Systems
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Types of Information Systems
Information
Systems
Operations
Support
Systems
Transaction
Processing
Systems
Process
Control
Systems
Management
Support
Systems
Enterprise
Collaboration
Systems
Management
Information
Systems
Decision
Support
Systems
Control
Processing
Team and
Prespecified Interactive
Business of Industrial Workgroup
Reporting
Decision
Transactions Processes Collaboration for Managers Support
Executive
Information
Systems
Information
Tailored for
Executives
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Other Information Systems
• Expert Systems (ES)
• Knowledge Management
Systems
• Functional Business
Systems
• Strategic Information
Systems (SIS)
• Cross-Functional
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Managerial Challenges of IT
The Business
Enterprise
Strategies/
Processes/
Structure/
Culture
Information
Technology
Customer
Value/
Business
Value
Business/IT Business/IT Business/IT
Goals
Challenges Developments
11
Developing IS Solutions
Investigate
Analyze
Maintain
Design
Implement
12
The IS Function
• A Major Functional Area of
Business – Important to
Success
• Important Contributor to
Operational Efficiency,
Employee Productivity and
Morale, and Customer
Service and Satisfaction
• A Major Source of
Information for Decision
Making
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Challenges of Ethics and IT
• Ethical Responsibilities
• Be a Responsible EndApplications
Potential
Potential
Possible
User
of IT
Harms
Risks
Responses
Customer
Relationship
Management
Infringements on
Privacy
Customer
Boycotts
Codes of
Ethics
Human
Resources
Management
Inaccurate
Information
Work
Stoppages
Incentives
Collusion
Government
Intervention
Certification
Business
Intelligence
Systems
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Challenges of Ethics and IT
• Protection from Crime and
Other Risks
Link Staffing:
Network Security and Ethical
Use
• E-Mail and Antivirus
Filtering
• Limits on Size and Types of
Attachments, Chatting
Banned
– Use of Secure VPN Service
15
The IS Function
• Vital for Developing
Competitive Products and
Services to Gain Strategic
Advantage
• Dynamic, Rewarding, and
Challenging Career
Opportunities
• Key Component of the
Resources, Infrastructure,
and Capabilities of
Networked Business
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Systems Concepts:
A Foundation
What is a System?
• Input
• Processing
• Output
• Feedback
• Control
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Systems Concepts
• Environment
• Subsystem
• Interface
• Open Systems
• Adaptive System
Graphically…
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Information System Model
The Community
Competitors
Management
Feedback
Information Systems
Economic
Resources
Business
Resources
Goods &
Services
Input
Processing
Output
Financial Institutions
Labor Unions
Customers
Control
Stockholders
Suppliers
Government Agencies
Stakeholders in the Business Environment
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Components of an IS
1. People Resources
- End Users - IS Specialists
2. Hardware
- Machines - Media
3. Software
- Programs - Procedures
4. Data Resources
- Data and Knowledge Bases
5. Network Resources
- Communications Media and
Networks
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Components of an IS
Software Resources
- System Software
- Application Software
- Procedures
Data Resources
- Data Bases
- Knowledge Bases
Data vs. Information
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Information System Activities
Input Data Resources
- Source Document
- User Interface
Processing Data into
Information Products
Storage of Data
Resources
Control of System
Performance
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Recognizing Information
Systems
Analyzing Information
Systems
Recognizing:
IS Resources
Information Products
IS Activities
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Summary
1. An IS Framework for Business
Professionals
1) Foundation Concepts - Fundamental
Concepts of IS
2) Information Technologies –
Hardware, Software, Data
Management, and Networks
3) Business Applications – Processes,
Operations, Decision Making,
Strategic/Competitive Advantage
4) Development Processes – Develop
and Implement Business/IT Solutions
5) Managerial Challenges – IT Uses for
Top Performance and Business Value
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Summary
2. Business Roles of Info. Systems
1) Three Vital Roles of IS –
a- Support Business Processes
b- Business Decision Making
c- Strategic Competitive Advantage
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Management Support Systems
Management Information Systems
Decision Support Systems
Executive Information Systems
Expert Systems
Knowledge Management Systems
Strategic Information Systems
Functional and Cross-Functional
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Information Systems
Summary
3. Systems Concepts
1) Interrelated
Components –
Common objective
2) Inputs
3) Processing
4) Outputs
5) Feedback
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Summary
4. An Information
System Model
1)People
2)Hardware
3)Software
4)Data
5)Networks
6)Storage
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Summary
5. IS Resources and
Products
1)Hardware Resources
2)Software Resources
-Programs
-Procedures
3)People Resources
-Systems Specialists
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Sumber Materi PPT
•
O’Brien, James A. (2005). Introduction
to Information Systems (12th Edition).
McGraw – Hill. Bab 1. Official PPT.
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