1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Government and Civics The study of government and civics equips students to understand the nature of government and the unique characteristics of representative democracy in the United States, including its fundamental principles, structure and the role of citizens. Understanding the historical development of structures of power, authority and governance and their evolving functions in contemporary U.S. society and other parts of the world is essential for developing civic competence. An understanding of civic ideals and practices of citizenship is critical to full participation in society and is a central purpose of the social studies. End of Primary 4th Grade 5th Grade Formation of Governments SS-EP-1.1.1 SS-04-1.1.1 SS-05-1.1.1 Identify the basic purposes of local government : Describe the basic purposes of Kentucky Describe the basic purposes of the U.S. Government as to establish order, government: defined in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution: provide security to establish order, To establish justice, and accomplish common goals); provide security To ensure domestic tranquility, Give examples of services local governments provide and accomplish common goals); To provide for the common defense, such as: Give examples of the services that state To promote the general welfare, police and fire protection governments provide such as: To secure the blessings of liberty roads Give examples of services the U.S. Government provides snow removal garbage pick-up,) state parks, Armed forces, public schools Interstate highways Identify how the government of Kentucky pays for National parks these services (e.g., sales taxes, state income taxes). Analyze the importance of these services to citizens today. DOK 2 DOK 3 Identify how they pay for these services: taxes state police state highways, Essential Questions: KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher such as: Essential Questions: What are the purposes of the U.S. government according to 2 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Essential Questions: What are the purposes of Kentucky’s government? What are the purposes of a local government? What are some services that Kentucky’s government What are some services that local governments provide? provides? How do we pay for local government services How do we pay for Kentucky government services? SS-EP-1.1.2 SS-04-1.1.2 SS-05-1.1.2 Identify and explain the purpose of rules within Explain how state governments function to protect the Explain and give examples of how democratic organizations (e.g., school, clubs, teams). rights and property of citizens. (by making, enacting governments function (by making, enacting and Compare rules with laws. and enforcing laws) enforcing laws) to promote the “common good” (e.g., DOK 2 DOK 2 Essential Question: Essential Question: What is the purpose of rules within organizations like How do state governments protect the rights and schools, clubs and teams? properties of citizens? How are rules and laws alike and different? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher the preamble? What are some examples of services that the U.S. Government provides? Why are these services important to citizens today? public smoking ban, speed limits, seat belt requirements). DOK 3 Essential Questions: How does a democratic government function to promote the “common good”? What are some examples of how a government functions to promote the “common good”? 3 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 Constitutional Principles SS-EP-1.2.1 SS-04-1.2.1 SS-05-1.2.1 Describe how their local government is structured Identify the three branches of Kentucky government Identify the three branches of the U.S. Government (e.g., mayor, city council, judge-executive, fiscal court, local courts). Compare their local government to other community governments in Kentucky. Explain the basic duties of each branch: Explain the basic duties of each branch: Executive-enforce the laws Legislative-make the laws Executive-enforce the laws, Judicial- interpret the laws). Legislative-make the laws, Identify important state offices/ leaders associated with each branch: President, Vice-President Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Legislative: Legislative: Congress, House, Senate, U.S. Senators, U.S. General Assembly: Representatives Senate-Senators Judicial U.S. Supreme Court, judges) associated with House-Representatives each branch. Judicial: DOK 2 Kentucky Supreme Court-judges DOK 2 How is our local government structured? How is Glasgow’s local government like other local Identify important national/federal offices/leaders: Executive: Executive: Essential Question: Judicial- interpret the laws Essential Questions: What are the three branches of Kentucky government? What are the basic duties of each branch? What are the important state offices and leaders associated with each branch? Essential Questions: What are the three branches of the U.S. government? What are the basic duties of each branch? What are the important national offices and leaders associated with each branch? governments in Kentucky? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 4 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 SS-04-1.2.2 SS-05-1.2.2 Explain how power is shared among the different Explain why the framers of the Constitution felt it was branches of state government: important to establish a government where powers are (Executive, legislative, judicial) shared across different: Essential Question? How is power shared among the different ranches of state government? Levels (local, state, national/federal) Branches (executive, legislative, judicial). DOK 2 Essential Question: Why did the framers of the Constitution feel it was important to establish a government where powers are shared across different levels and branches? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 5 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Rights and Responsibilities SS-EP-1.3.1 SS-04-1.3.1 SS-05-1.3.1 Define basic democratic ideas (e.g., liberty, justice, Identify the basic principles of democracy found in Explain the basic principles of democracy (e.g., justice, equality, rights, responsibility) Kentucky’s Constitution (e.g., justice, equality, equality, responsibility, freedom) Explain why they are important today. responsibility, freedom) found in significant U.S. historical documents Explain why they are important to citizens today. (Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, Bill of DOK 2 Rights) Analyze why they are important to citizens today. Essential Questions: What are some basic democratic ideas? Why are these democratic ideas important today? DOK 3 Essential Questions: What are some of the basic democratic ideas found in Kentucky’s constitution? Why are these democratic ideas important to the citizens of Kentucky today? Essential Questions: What are some of the common basic democratic ideas found in the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights? Why are these democratic ideas important to Americans today? SS-EP-1.3.2 SS-04-1.3.2 SS-05-1.3.2 Identify and give examples of good citizenship at Describe specific rights and responsibilities Describe specific rights and responsibilities individuals home, at school and in the community (e.g., helping individuals have as citizens of Kentucky (e.g., voting have as citizens of the United States (e.g., voting in with chores, obeying rules, participating in community in statewide elections, participating in state service national elections) service projects such as recycling, conserving natural projects, obeying state laws) Explain why civic engagement is necessary to preserve resources, donating food/supplies) Explain why civic engagement is necessary to a democratic society. Explain why civic engagement in the community is preserve a democratic society. important. DOK 3 DOK 2 DOK 2 Essential Questions: KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 6 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 What are some examples of good citizenship at home, Essential Questions: Essential Questions: school and the community? What are some rights and responsibilities that citizens What are some rights and responsibilities that Why is “civic engagement” important in our community? of Kentucky have? American citizens have? Why is “civic engagement” necessary to preserve a Why is “civic engagement” necessary to preserve a democratic society? democratic society? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 7 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Cultures & Societies Culture is the way of life shared by a group of people, including their ideas and traditions. Cultures reflect the values and beliefs of groups in different ways (e.g., art, music, literature, religion); however, there are universals (e.g., food, clothing, shelter, communication) connecting all cultures. Culture influences viewpoints, rules and institutions in a global society. Students should understand that people form cultural groups throughout the United States and the World, and that issues and challenges unite and divide them. End of Primary 4th Grade 5th Grade Elements of Culture SS-EP-2.1.1 SS-04-2.1.1 SS-05-2.1.1 Describe cultural elements such as: Identify early cultures in Kentucky: Identify early cultures (e.g., English, Spanish, French, Beliefs Native American West African) in the United States Traditions Appalachian Analyze their similarities and differences. Languages Skills Literature The arts Pioneers DOK 2 Explain their similarities and differences. DOK 2 DOK 1 SS-EP-2.1.2 Study a variety of diverse cultures locally and in the world today Explain the importance of appreciating and understanding other cultures. KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 8 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Social Institutions SS-EP-2.2.1 SS-04-2.2.1 SS-05-2.2.1 Identify social institutions: Describe social institutions in Kentucky and how they Describe social institutions in the United States Government, Economy Education Religion Family Explain how they help the community. Government Government Economy Economy Education Religion Religion Family respond to the needs of the people. : Family Education, Explain their role in the growth and development of the nation. KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 9 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Interactions Among Individuals and Groups SS-EP-2.3.1 SS-04-2.3.1 SS-05-2.3.1 Describe various forms of interactions that occur Describe various forms of interactions (compromise, Describe various forms of interactions (compromise, between individuals/ groups at home and at school: cooperation, conflict) that occurred during the early cooperation, conflict) that occurred between diverse (compromise, cooperation, conflict, competition) settlement of Kentucky between diverse groups (Native groups in the history of the United States (e.g., Native Americans, early settlers). Americans, European Explorers, English colonists, DOK 2 DOK 2 British Parliament). DOK 2 SS-EP-2.3.2 SS-04-2.3.2 SS-05-2.3.2 Identify appropriate conflict resolution strategies Give examples of conflicts between individuals or Give examples of conflicts between individuals or (e.g., compromise, cooperation, communication). groups today and describe appropriate conflict groups and describe appropriate conflict resolution resolution strategies (e.g., compromise, cooperation, strategies (e.g., compromise, cooperation, communication) to use. communication). DOK 2 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 10 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Economics Economics includes the study of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services. Students need to understand how their economic decisions affect them, others, the nation and the world. The purpose of economic education is to enable individuals to function effectively both in their own personal lives and as citizens and participants in an increasingly connected world economy. Students need to understand the benefits and costs of economic interaction and interdependence among people, societies and governments. End of Primary 4th Grade 5th Grade Scarcity SS-EP-3.1.1 SS-04-3.1.1 SS-05-3.1.1 Define basic economic terms related to scarcity (e.g., Describe scarcity and explain how scarcity requires Describe scarcity and explain how scarcity required opportunity cost, wants and needs, limited productive people in Kentucky to make economic choices (e.g., people in different periods in the U.S. (Colonization, resources-natural, human, capital) use of productive resources - natural, human, capital) Expansion, Twentieth Century to Present) to make and incur opportunity costs. economic choices (e.g., use of productive resources- Explain that scarcity requires people to make economic DOK 2 natural, human, capital) and incur opportunity costs. choices and incur opportunity costs. DOK 2 Essential Questions: DOK 2 Essential Questions: Essential Questions: What is scarcity? What are some basic economic terms related to What is scarcity? How did scarcity require Americans to make economic scarcity? How does scarcity cause Kentuckians to make choices and incur opportunity costs throughout our How does scarcity require us to make economic economic choices? history? choices? What is opportunity cost and how is it related to scarcity? Economic Systems and Institutions KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 11 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 SS-EP-3.2.1 SS-04-3.2.1 SS-05-3.2.1 Identify and give examples of economic institutions Explain how profit motivates individuals/businesses Explain how profits motivated individuals/businesses in (banks) and explain how they help people deal with to take risks in producing goods and services. the U.S. (Expansion, Industrialization) to take risks in the problem of scarcity (e.g., loan money, save producing goods and services. money) in today’s market economy. Essential Question: Essential Questions: Essential Question: How did profits motivate individuals and businesses to What is an economic institution? How does profit motivate individuals and businesses take risks in producing goods and services in our U.S. How do economic institutions help people deal with the to take risks in producing goods and services? history? problem of scarcity? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 12 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Markets SS-EP-3.3.1 SS-04-3.3.1 SS-05-3.3.1 Define basic economic terms related to markets Give examples of markets; explain how they function Give examples of markets in different periods of U.S. (e.g., market economy, markets, wants and and how the prices of goods and services are History (Colonization, Expansion, Industrialization, needs, goods and services, profit, consumer, determined by supply and demand. Twentieth Century to Present) Explain similarities and producer, supply and demand, barter, money, DOK 2 differences. trade, advertising). DOK 2 Essential Questions: DOK 2 Essential Questions: Essential Questions: What is an example of a market in the _________ What are some basic economic terms related to What are some examples of markets? Period? markets and what do these terms mean? How does supply and demand affect the prices of How is that similar and different to examples of markets goods and services? in other time periods in our history? SS-EP-3.3.2 SS-04-3.3.2 SS-05-3.3.2 Explain different ways that people acquire goods Explain how competition among buyers and sellers Explain how competition among buyers and sellers and services (by trading/bartering goods and influences the price of goods and services in our influences the price of goods and services in our state, services for other goods and services or by using state, nation and world. nation and world. money). Essential Question: Essential Question: Essential Question: How does competition influence the price of goods How does competition influence the price of goods and What are some different ways that people acquire and services in our state, nation and world? services in our state, nation and world? goods and services? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 13 CCA 4.1 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 14 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum Production, Distribution, and Consumption AUGUST 2006 SS-EP-3.4.1 SS-04-3.4.1 SS-05-3.4.1 Define basic economic terms related to production, Describe production, distribution and consumption of Describe production, distribution and consumption of distribution and consumption (e.g., goods and goods and services in regions of Kentucky and the goods and services in the history of the U.S. services, wants and needs, supply and demand, U.S. (Colonization, Industrialization, Twentieth Century to specialization, entrepreneur) DOK 2 Present). DOK 3 Describe various ways goods and services are distributed (e.g., by price, first-come-first-served, sharing equally). DOK 2 SS-EP-3.4.2 SS-04-3.4.2 SS-05-3.4.2 Describe how new knowledge, technology/tools, and Describe how new knowledge, technology/tools and Describe how new knowledge, technology/tools and specialization increases productivity in our community, specialization increases productivity and promotes specialization increase/increased productivity in the state, nation and world. trade between regions of Kentucky and the United U.S. (Colonization, Industrialization, Twentieth States (e.g., Midwest – corn, South - citrus). Century to Present). DOK 3 SS-EP-3.4.3 SS-04-3.4.3 SS-05-3.4.3 Define interdependence and give examples of how Define interdependence and give examples of how Define interdependence and give examples of how people in our communities, states, nation and world people in our communities, states, nation and world people in our communities, states, nation and world depend on each other for goods and services. depend on each other for goods and services. depend on each other for goods and services. Essential Questions: KDE What is interdependence? Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren CountyinSchools How do people communities, states, nation and our District Curriculum Resource Teacher Essential Questions: Essential Questions: world depend on each other for goods and services? What is interdependence? What is interdependence and how do people in our 15 What are some examples of how people in our state, communities, states, nation and world depend on each nation and world depend on each other for goods and other for goods and services? services? CCA 4.1 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 16 CCA 4.1 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 17 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Geography Geography includes the study of the five fundamental themes of location, place, regions, movement and human/environmental interaction. Students need geographic knowledge to analyze issues and problems to better understand how humans have interacted with their environment over time, how geography has impacted settlement and population, and how geographic factors influence climate, culture, the economy and world events. A geographic perspective also enables students to better understand the past and present and to prepare for the future. 4th Grade End of Primary 5th Grade The Use of Geographic Tools SS-EP-4.1.1 SS-04-4.1.1 SS-05-4.1.1 Use geographic tools (e.g., maps, globes, mental Use geographic tools (e.g., maps, charts, graphs) to Use geographic tools (e.g., maps, charts, graphs) to maps, charts, graphs) to locate and describe familiar identify and describe natural resources and other identify natural resources and other physical places at home, school and the community. physical characteristics (e.g., major landforms, major characteristics (e.g., major landforms, major bodies of bodies of water, weather, climate, roads, bridges) in water, weather, climate, roads, bridges) regions of Kentucky and the United States. Analyze patterns of movement and settlement in the DOK 2 United States. DOK 3 SS-EP-4.1.2 SS-04-4.1.2 SS-05-4.1.2 Use geographic tools to identify major landforms (e.g., Use geographic tools to locate major landforms, bodies Use geographic tools to locate and describe major continents, mountain ranges), bodies of water (e.g., of water, places and objects in Kentucky by their landforms, bodies of water, places and objects in the oceans, major rivers) and natural resources on Earth’s absolute and relative locations. United States by their absolute location. surface and use relative location. SS-EP-4.1.3 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher DOK 2 SS-04-4.1.3 SS-05-4.1.3 18 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 Describe how different factors (e.g. rivers, mountains) Describe how different factors (e.g. rivers, mountains) Describe how different factors (e.g. rivers, mountains) influence where human activities are located in the influence where human activities were/are located in influence where human activities were/are located in community. Kentucky. the United States. Essential Question: Essential Question: Essential Question: What are some factors that influence where human What are some factors that influence where human What are some factors that influence where human activities are located in our community? activities are located in Kentucky? activities are located in the United States? SS-05-4.1.4 Explain how factors in one location can impact other locations (e.g., natural disasters, building dams). Essential Question: How can factors in one location impact other locations? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 19 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 Regions SS-EP-4.2.1 SS-04-4.2.1 Describe places on Earth’s surface by their physical Compare regions in Kentucky and the United States by characteristics (e.g., climate, landforms, bodies of their human characteristics (e.g., language, settlement water). patterns, beliefs) and physical characteristics (e.g., climate, landforms, bodies of water). Essential Question: DOK 2 What are some physical characteristics of our Earth? Patterns SS-EP-4.3.1 SS-04-4.3.1 SS-05-4.3.1 Describe patterns of human settlement in places and Describe patterns of human settlement in regions of Explain patterns of human settlement in the early regions on the Earth’s surface. Kentucky and explain how these patterns were/are development of the United States and explain how influenced by physical characteristics (e.g., climate, these patterns were influenced by physical landforms, bodies of water). characteristics (e.g., climate, landforms, bodies of DOK 2 water). DOK 2 SS-EP-4.3.2 SS-04-4.3.2 SS-05-4.3.2 Describe how technology helps us move, settle and Describe how advances in technology (e.g., dams, Describe how advances in technology (e.g., dams, interact in the modern world. reservoirs, roads, irrigation) allow people to settle in reservoirs, roads, irrigation) allow people to settle in places previously inaccessible in Kentucky. places previously inaccessible in the United States. DOK 2 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher DOK 2 20 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Human-Environment Interaction SS-EP-4.4.1 SS-04-4.4.1 SS-05-4.4.1 Describe ways people adapt to/modify the physical Explain and give examples of how people adapted Explain and give examples of how people adapted environment to meet their basic needs (food, shelter, to/modified the physical environment (e.g., natural to/modified the physical environment (e.g., natural clothing). resources, physical geography, natural disasters) to resources, physical geography, natural disasters) to meet their needs during the history of Kentucky meet their needs during the history of the U.S. DOK 1 (Colonization, Expansion) Explain its impact on the environment today. Analyze the impact on their environment. DOK 3 DOK 3 SS-EP-4.4.2 SS-04-4.4.2 SS-05-4.4.2 Describe how the physical environment can both Describe how the physical environment (e.g., Describe how the physical environment (e.g., promote and restrict human activities. mountains as barriers for protection, rivers as barriers mountains as barriers for protection, rivers as barriers of transportation) both promoted and restricted human of transportation) both promoted and restricted human activities during the early settlement of Kentucky. activities during the early settlement of the U.S. DOK 2 (Colonization, Expansion). DOK 2 SS-05-4.4.3 Describe how individuals/groups may have different perspectives about the use of land (e.g., farming, industrial, residential, recreational). KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 21 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 Historical Perspective History is an account of events, people, ideas and their interaction over time that can be interpreted through multiple perspectives. In order for students to understand the present and plan for the future, they must understand the past. Studying history engages students in the lives, aspirations, struggles, accomplishments and failures of real people. Students need to think in an historical context in order to understand significant ideas, beliefs, themes, patterns and events, and how individuals and societies have changed over time in Kentucky, the United States and the World. End of Primary 4th Grade 5th Grade The Factual and Interpretive Nature of History SS-EP-5.1.1 SS-04-5.1.1 SS-05-5.1.1 Use a variety of primary and secondary sources to Use a variety of primary and secondary sources to Use a variety of primary and secondary sources (e.g., interpret the past such as: describe significant events in the history of Kentucky artifacts, diaries, maps, timelines) to describe Artifacts and interpret different perspectives such as: significant events in the history of the U.S. and Diaries Artifacts interpret different perspectives such as: Timelines Diaries Artifacts Timelines Diaries Maps Timelines DOK 2 DOK 3 The History of the United States KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 22 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 SS-EP-5.2.1 SS-04-5.2.1 SS-05-5.2.1 Identify significant patriotic and historical songs, Identify significant historical documents, symbols, Identify historical documents, selected readings and symbols, monuments/landmarks such as: songs and selected readings specific to Kentucky for speeches for example: The Star-Spangled Banner example: The Underground Railroad The Statue of Liberty United We Stand, Divided We Fall Patriotic Holidays such as: My Old Kentucky Home Explain their historical significance. Veteran’s Day Explain their historical significance. Martin Luther King’s birthday Fourth of July State flag Mayflower Compact, Emancipation Proclamation, Dr. Martin Luther King’s speech: I Have a Dream DOK 3 DOK 2 Essential Question: Explain their historical significance. DOK 2 Essential Question: Essential Question: Why does the ______________have historical Why does the ______________have historical significance for Americans? significance for Americans? Why does (the) ______________have historical significance for Americans? KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 23 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum CCA 4.1 AUGUST 2006 SS-EP-5.2.2 SS-04-5.2.2 SS-05-5.2.2 Identify and compare the early cultures of diverse Identify and compare the cultures of diverse groups Explain reasons immigrants came to America long groups of Native Americans such as: Explain why people explored and settled in Kentucky. ago (Colonization and Settlement, Industrialization and Northwest Southwest Freedoms Plain Opportunities Fleeing negative situations DOK 2 Eastern Woodlands Explain why they settled in what is now the United Immigration, Twentieth Century to Present) such as: Compare with why immigrants come to America today. States. DOK 2 DOK 2 SS-EP-5.2.3 SS-04-5.2.3 SS-05-5.2.3 Describe change over time in communication, Compare change over time in communication, Compare change over time (Colonization, technology, transportation and education in the technology, transportation and education in Kentucky. Industrialization, Twentieth Century to Present) in community. DOK 3 communication, technology, transportation and education. DOK 3 SS-05-5.2.4 Describe significant historical events in each of the broad historical periods and eras in U.S. history (Colonization and Settlement, Revolution and a New Nation, Expansion and Conflict, Industrialization and Immigration, Twentieth Century to Present) KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 24 CCA 4.1 Social Studies – Elementary Continuum AUGUST 2006 Explain cause and effect relationships. DOK 3 KDE Adapted by: Shari Alexander Barren County Schools District Curriculum Resource Teacher 25