Chapter 10 Review Questions
1. Below is a molecule of DNA. Label the following: sugar, phosphate, adenine,
cytosine, guanine, thymine, nucleotide, hydrogen bond.
2. What is the name given to the shape of the DNA molecule?
3. Name the scientists who discovered the shape of the DNA molecule using a technique
known as X-ray diffraction.
4. Name the scientists who figured out the correct arrangement of molecules to build the
first correct model of DNA.
5. Through the process of _____________, DNA makes a copy of itself.
6. The parent strand of a molecule of DNA looks like this: AATCGGTATCGC
What would the daughter strand attached to it during replication look like?
7. Explain why the process of DNA replication would be important to a cell getting
ready to divide.
8. What are some situations in which your body would make new cells?
9. The process named in #8 takes place in the ____________ of the cell.
10. Identify how DNA is different from RNA in each of the following:
a. Sugar –
b. Bases –
c. # of strands 11. DNA can’t leave the nucleus. How does the DNA code get to the ribosome? (In
other words, what molecule is produced from DNA to get that code to the ribosome?)
12. If the DNA code is TTA GGG CTC CTA, what would the mRNA made from it look
like?
13. Divide mRNA code written in #12 into codons. Then, use the chart on page 8 of your
packet to translate it into amino acids.
14. Identify the type of mutation in each sequence below. Circle the location of the error.
Original: AAUGGCGUUAAC
A.
AAUCGCGUUAAC
B.
AAUGGCGCUUAAC
C.
AAUGGCGUAAC
15. List two ways that mutations could affect the organism.
16. Label the parts in the diagram below, then answer the questions that follow.
a. What is the molecule labeled “A” in the diagram above?
b. Label the nucleus in the diagram above.
c. Name the process occurring in the nucleus of the cell.
d. Where in the cell will the mRNA go once it has been constructed?
e. There, the mRNA will be divided into groups of 3 bases called __________.
f. Label the ribosome in the diagram above.
g. Name the process occurring in the ribosome.
h. At the ribosome, the mRNA will meet with what (labeled “B” in the diagram
above)?
i. The group of 3 bases attached to “B” in the diagram is called a(n)
_______________
j. If the codon is “AAC”, the anticodon would be ___________.
k. The molecules labeled “C” in the diagram are called __________
___________.
l. Joining amino acids together builds a ____________.
m. Amino acids are held together by _____________ bonds.
n. How are proteins important to living organisms?