UNIT 3: EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE STUDY GUIDE Identify the gases that are present in the atmosphere. Define air pressure. Explain factors that affect air pressure. Explain how increasing altitude affects air pressure and density. Identify the layers of the atmosphere. Describe the characteristics of the main layers of the atmosphere. Identify the three types of heat transfer and give examples. Explain how energy and temperature are related. Explain why temperatures of land, air and water can differ. Explain what causes wind. Describe the Coriolis effect. Locate and describe global winds. Explain how high and low pressure affect local winds.