Mastering the Challenges in
Embedded Software Development
October 6th, 2008
Dr. Juergen Moessinger
Vice President
Automotive System Integration
Robert Bosch GmbH
Automotive Technology
1
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Agenda
Î
Bosch Group
Î
Challenges in Automotive Development
Î
Solutions
z
Architecture Based Development – SW Reuse
z
Processes
Î
Conclusion – Implementation at Bosch
Î
Summary
Automotive Technology
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C/AI - Mr | 9/08 | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2008. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as
well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Bosch Group
Structure of the Bosch Group
Business sectors
Bosch Group
Sales: 46.3 billion euros1)
Associates on Jan. 1, 2008:
271,000
Automotive Technology
Sales: 28.4 billion euros
Share of total sales: 61 %
Automotive Technology
1) Including
Industrial Technology
Sales: 6.0 billion euros
Share of total sales: 13 %
C/AI | 9/08 | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2008. All rights
reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation,
reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of
applications for industrial property rights.
Bosch Group
other business areas
Automotive Technology
3
Consumer Goods &
Building Technology
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as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Sales: 11.7 billion euros
Share of total sales: 26 %
Bosch Group
Key data
2006
2007
43,684
46,320
261,291
271,265
located in Germany
110,480
112,300
located outside Germany
150,811
158,965
Capital expenditure*
2,670
2,634
Research and development cost*
3,348
3,583
Profit before tax*
3,081
3,801
Profit after tax*
2,170
2,850
Sales revenue*
Associates1)
1) As
per January 1, 2007/2008
*Currency figures in millions of euros
Automotive Technology
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as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Bosch Group
Research and Development Expenditure
EUR m
7.3
7.0
7.4
3500
3 583
3 348
3000
2500
7.7
7.7
3 073
2 650
2 715
2000
1500
1000
500
0
2003
2004
2005
2006
Automotive Technology
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
2007
% of sales
Bosch Group
Patents
In 2007, Bosch applied for patents for a total of 3,281 new inventions (approx. 14 per day).
In April 2007, the Bosch researchers Andrea Urban and Franz Lärmer received the EU
Commission’s and European Patent Office’s “European Inventor of the Year” award.
Bosch remains the global technology leader
in the field of automotive technology, a fact which
is also shown by its strong patent position in leading
countries:
Î
Germany:
1st place (German Patent and Trademark Office)
Î
EP:
1st place (European Patent Office)
Î
U.S.:
3rd place (United States Patent and Trademark Office)
Î
WIPO (PCT):
1st place (World Intellectual Property Organization)
Germany, EP, WIPO: published applications for patents
U.S.: patents granted
Automotive Technology
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Agenda
Î
Bosch Group
Î
Challenges in Automotive Development
Î
Solutions
z
Architecture Based Development – SW Reuse
z
Processes
Î
Conclusion – Implementation at Bosch
Î
Summary
Automotive Technology
7
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Challenges in Automotive Development
Increasing Requirements
Sensors of the sensitive vehicle
↑
↑
Diesel
Safety
↑
↑
Reduction of emission,
fuel consumption
Combustion
engine
Comfort
CO2 reduction Battery
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Electric motor /
Generator
Challenges in Automotive Development
Drivers of Growth – Electronics / Software
Î
Share of electronics in vehicle value (in value)*:
2004: 20% Æ 2015: 40%
Î
Share of software in vehicle value (in value)**:
2000: 4,5% Æ 2010: 13%
Î
Number of ECU in vehicles strongly increases
- mid size: e.g. Golf 50 ECU
- high end: e.g. Lexus > 80 ECU
Î
SW in high end vehicles reaches 1 GB
Source: * McKinsey, Automotive Electronics - Managing innovations on the road)
** Mercer Consulting, Automobile Technology 2010
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Challenges in Automotive Development
The Challenge - Increase of Complexity
Î
Î
Î
Î
Î
master complexity
keep quality & reliability of E/E systems at high level
enable off shoring
gain freedom for innovation
reduce costs
Past
?
Î
Solution:
SW ReuseToday
and Sharing
Î
Strategy:
Standardization of SW architecture
Future
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Challenges in Automotive Development
Industrialized Countries - Shortage of Engineers
Low Birthrate
major trend in
industrialized countries
Aging society
Reduced no. of students
¾ population in Japan will
decrease to 90 Mio. in 2055
¾ 41% of population will be
older than 65 in 2055
¾ no. of students for applied
engineering faculty decreased
below 300,000 in 2007
(less than half of 1992)
-- Kyoto news 2008 --
-- NE 16.6.08 article --
Change in automotive market
Lack of educated engineers
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Agenda
Î
Bosch Group
Î
Challenges in Automotive Development
Î
Solutions
z
Architecture Based Development – SW Reuse
z
Processes
Î
Conclusion – Implementation at Bosch
Î
Summary
Automotive Technology
12
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Architecture Based Development –SW Reuse
AUTOSAR
¾ Architecture - AUTOSAR Basis-SW
Ö Uniform behavior of the ECU in the vehicle
Ö Easier integration of ECU in the vehicle
Architecture
Application Software
(Mastering complexity)
AUTOSAR RTE
Services
ECU Abstraction
and Complex Drivers
Microcontroller Abstraction
¾ Methodology
Ö Shift from ECU based to function
based SW development
Application Methodology
Interfaces
SW-C
Description
SW-C
Description
SW-C
Description
...
AUTOSAR
SW-C
n
AUTOSAR
SW-C
3
AUTOSAR
SW-C
2
AUTOSAR
SW-C
1
¾ Application Interfaces
Ö Support of SW re-use
and SW Sharing between
vehicle platforms, OEM and Tier x
SW -C
Description
Virtual Functional Bus
Data Exchange
.xml
Increase of quality and reduced time to market, cost reduction by SW re-use
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Architecture Based Development –SW Reuse
SW Reuse
Î Pre-condition for integration of application software
zStandardized BSW
► AUTOSAR
zStandardized ASW interfaces
► AUTOSAR
zWell structured and modular
► e.g. Bosch
application architecture
Application
Software
Application
Software
Software
Proprietary BSW
Non standard interfaces
Hardware
Conventional
AUTOSAR RTE
Services
ECU Abstraction
and Complex Drivers
Microcontroller Abstraction
HW-specific
Hardware
AUTOSAR
Automotive Technology
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standardized
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Architecture Based Development –SW Reuse
AUTOSAR Roadmap
12/2006
Release 2.1
12/2007
Release 3.0
8/2008
12/2009
Release 4.0
Release 3.1
• Resolved release notes
• OBDII
• Start-up / Wake-up behavior
• Application interfaces
Status / Achievements
Î AUTOSAR Rel. 3.0 / Rel. 3.1 released
Product development based on AUTOSAR started
at OEM and Tier X
• Error handling
• Functional safety
• Libraries
• Conformance Test
• Multi-Core
• Further Application
Interfaces
Automotive Technology
15
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Processes
Processed based development
Î
Organization processes improvement
(Capability Maturity Model Integration)
Î
Process steps are defined
Î
Constant process improvement by
- defined processes
- increased visibility
- traceability
Î
Reproducibility
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Agenda
Î
Bosch Group
Î
Challenges in Automotive Development
Î
Solutions
z
Architecture Based Development – SW Reuse
z
Processes
Î
Conclusion – Implementation at Bosch
Î
Summary
Automotive Technology
17
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Architecture Based Development –SW Reuse
Migration to AUTOSAR @ Bosch
Legacy SW
Components RT
Bosch SOP
2012/13
E
AUTOSAR BSW
Legacy BSW
AUTOSAR
compatible SW
Components
Legacy SW
Components RT
E
RTE
Legacy BSW
AUTOSAR Adapter
Legacy SW
Components
AUTOSAR
compatible SW
Components
RTE
AUTOSAR Adapter
Legacy BSW
Automotive Technology
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CDD
AUTOSAR BSW
(Bosch CUBAS)
Architecture Based Development –SW Reuse
AUTOSAR – BOSCH Application Plan**
Instrument Cluster
subset of AUTOSAR
specs incorporated
Î
All BOSCH divisions are committed to
exploit AUTOSAR.
Instrument Cluster
using AUTOSAR BSW*
SOP 2008
SOP 2012
EDC/ME(D)17 ECU
using AUTOSAR
architecture
FAS
subset of AUTOSAR
specs incorporated
SOP 2009
SOP 2011
ACC
subset of AUTOSAR
specs incorporated
Body ECU
using AUTOSAR
architecture
SOP 2009
SOP 2011
Glow Control Unit
subset of AUTOSAR
specs incorporated
Chassis DCU
using AUTOSAR
architecture
ESP
Using AUTOSAR BSW*
& Application Interfaces
Transmission Control
Unit using
AUTOSAR BSW*
Airbag ECU
using AUTOSAR
architecture
SOP 2009
SOP 2009
SOP 2009
SOP 2010
SOP 2010
Automotive Technology
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* CUBAS: Bosch AUTOSAR Basic-SW
** selected products
C/AI - Mr | 9/08 | © Robert Bosch GmbH 2008. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as
well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Processes
Processes at Bosch
Î
Bosch Engineering System (BES)
¾
Innovation Management
Product Engineering
¾
Project Management
Process Management
Knowledge Management
Competence Management
Î
Maturity Model of BES is based on CMMI
Î
Rollout of CMMI is part of BES: Software quality by design
¾ Coding guidelines according to standards – e.g. MISRA
¾ Code generation (e.g. via ASCET)
¾ Quality Methods (e.g. FMEA, Fault-tree, DRBFM, 6-sigma, DOE)
Released man power by process based development used for new innovations
Automotive Technology
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Human Resources
49 Automotive Development Sites in 18 Countries
Associates
by region
18 %
Germany
47,459
Rest of Europe
Americas
14 %
112,300
38,782
41 %
Asia Pacific1)
72,724
Total: 271,265
27 %
1)
Including other countries
As per January 1, 2008
Development Sites with ≥ 50 Associates, Status January 2008
Automotive Technology
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Human Resources
Recruiting and Training of Software Engineers
Î
Engineers from German university
- reputation of engineering is growing among students
- many foreign students in Germany (~ 10 %), especially in engineering
Î
Immigration of engineers from Eastern Europe
Î
Offshoring – Low barrier due to internationalization of business
Î
Systematic training of software developers
-Curriculum Engineering Software Intensive Systems (CMMS)
Î
Bosch invests in Germany
some 100 Mio € in training
of its associates
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Human Resources
Offshoring of Development to Bosch India
100% subsidiary of Robert Bosch
GmbH
Î
Î
No. of associates: 4500+
Î
Î
Largest Bosch development centre
outside Germany
Î
Development locations at India
Koramangala (905)
CMMI L5 (July 2006), ISO 9001:2000
company
M2006 start of operation in
Coimbatore 300 km southwest of
Bangalore
Marketing offices worldwide
Fh, USA
Si, Germany
Hig, Japan
Kor, India
Bomanahalli (Bmh)
Naganathapura (NhP)
Coimbatore (Cob)
Automotive Technology
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Human Resources
Embedded Offshore Development at Bosch India
Automotive Prod. Software and ECU
Embedded s/w
Î Tools
Î Diagnostics
Î Testing
Î h/w & s/w Dev.
Î System Dev.
Î ECU Projects
Î
Business Solutions
SAP R/3, Consulting
Î Oracle, Microsoft
Î Java, IBM Solutions
Î User Access Mngmnt.
Î Data Migration
Î Web Solutions
Î IT Infrastructure
Industrial Products,
Electronic
Consumer Goods,
Engineering
Building Techn.
Î
PLC and CNC prog.
Î
Engineering
frameworks
Î
Functional Test
Bench Solutions
Î
Plant/Manufacturing
Automation Solutions
Î
Embedded s/w
Î
E-Learning
Î
Î
ASIC Design
Î IC-Test development
Î Board-Level
Electronic Design
Î PCB Layout Design
Î SW development for
ASIC and FPGA
applications
Î
Product info/ 3D
animation
Learning Mgmt.
Back office support
Î Comm. Center
Î
Translation,
Documentation,
Web
Î
Î
Î
Î
Mechanical
Engineering
Design
Î FEA, Simulations
Î Drawings, Modeling
Î Administration
Î
Automotive Technology
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Business Services
Processes
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
DEÙEN, ENÙJP
Tech. & Commercial
Digital Archiving
Web Pages
Shared Services
Accounting
Accounts Receivable
Î Accounts Payable
Î General Ledger
Î Fixed Assets
Î
Human Resources
Offshoring Embedded – Key to Sustainable Success
Strategy - Offshore Support from India/Bangalore
Psychology - Advantage for Engineers and Managers
To Overcome Fear of Loss: Control/Responsibility/Job!
Commercial - Efficient Interfaces
Prerequisites are processes and architecture
Communication - Regular Contacts at All Levels
Vision - Competitiveness by Cooperation
Automotive Technology
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Human Resources
Bosch – Associates
High-quality training
Every year, more than 6000 young people around the world receive
occupational training at Bosch.
Attracting young talent
Bosch has considerably expanded its activities to attract young talent,
especially internationally.
Support
Apart from attractive development programs for associates, Bosch attaches
importance to internal career planning within the framework of its manager
development schemes.
Family and career
Flextime working models, childcare, initiatives for parents,
and social work help keep Bosch competitive.
Demographic change
Bosch values the experience of its older associates, and employs measures
specifically designed to support them, while at the same time challenging them.
Competence management
In Germany alone, Bosch invests some 100 million euros every year in training
for its associates. A structured and systematic approach ensures that the skills
needed are available in the right place at the right time.
International presence
In 2007, more than 2,300 specialists and managers were working on longterm assignments outside their home countries.
Automotive Technology
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editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Bosch Group
Bosch Values
1. Future and Result Focus
2. Responsibility
3. Initiative and Determination
4. Openness and Trust
5. Fairness
6. Reliability, Credibility and Legality
7. Cultural Diversity
Automotive Technology
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as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.
Mastering the Challenges in
Embedded Software Development
Summary
Î
Mastering the above mentioned challenges is the basis for innovation
Î
Architecture and process based software development is mandatory
for efficient offshoring
Î
Offshoring reduces the lack in engineers (global development)
Î
Organization needs to support the climate for innovation
Innovation in SW Development
Processes
Architecture
People
- organizational
- technical
based development
e.g. AUTOSAR
with skills, training
and motivation
Automotive Technology
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Mastering the Challenges in Embedded Software Development
Thank You
Innovation in SW Development
Processes
Architecture
People
- organizational
- technical
based development
e.g. AUTOSAR
with skills, training
and motivation
Automotive Technology
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well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights.