ITU-T WORKSHOP “ICTs: Building the Green City
of the Future”
(Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010)
An integrated mobile network
supporting urban activities
Phan Thanh Hoa,
Ritsumeikan University, Japan
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
Outline
From the current macro-cellular networks to
different types of cellular networks
A new paradigm for mobile networks
A virtual single cell as the most advanced
component of the integrated mobile network
Fast handover scheme in the virtual single cell
1. Multicast–based Logical Macro Cell as a
virtual single cell
2. Multiple polling scheme
3. Support by IP-based paging network
Performance evaluation
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Mobile network supporting
Social activities
Terminals
Usage
Stationary
or
Walking
Conversation
Downloading
Expansion in future
Fast moving
Multimedia on cars
and intelligent cardriving system
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
- Mobile VPN: LAN
extension for moving
office
- Uploading for securities
like a torched camera 3to
protect criminals
Divided use of cells for ubiquitous
mobile communication services
Present
In future
Micro-cells for busy
areas
Micro-cells for busy
areas (Wifi Hotspots)
Release of
traffic of macro-cells
Macro-cells for general
communication purposes
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
Micro-cells along
major roads
Macro-cells for the areas
outside of micro-cells
4
Wide area cover with macro-cells
Macro-cellular network
Hot spots & Fixed Mobile Convergence into any place
：Connected micro-cells along main streets
：No micro-cell along back streets
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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New paradigm for mobile networks
Integration of
cellular networks
- Connected micro-cells
configuring a virtual single cell
for fast movers
-Vertical handover between
different mobile network types
- Paging to any types of cells
- Response to the paging from
the smallest cell
New paradigm
IP -based paging net
The Internet
Macro -cellular networks
(Ordinal mobile terminals)
+
Connected micro-cells
Vertical
handover
(Fast mobile terminals)
+
Micro -cells ( Wifi Hotspots)
(Stationary terminals)
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Virtual single cell as a component
(a) LMC (Logical Macro-Cell) as a virtual single cell unit.
(M) Data and Polling response are multicast through core network
R
R
P
S
(LMC#i-1)
S
M
(C#i-1)
LMC (C#i-2)
Handover by new-
(C#i)
(M)
cell-polling response
LMC switchover as a
virtual single
cell
P: Polling
R: Polling response
(LMC#i)
S
M S
(C#i-2)
(C#i-1)
S M
(C#i)
M: Master cell
S: Sub cell
S
(C#i+1)
(b) Virtual single cell with Concatenated LMC.
P&R
LMC#i-1
- LMC#i
LMC#i+1
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Switchover of Logical Macro Cell
Gateway
Through the same splitter.
Multicasting
tunnel
Tunnel
Switch Tunnel
over
Triggering
Triggering
BS
#2
#1
#3
#3
#2
Logical macro-cell
#1
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
Tunnel
Switch
over
#4
#3
#2
#3
#5
#4
#4
#5
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PON as a terrestrial network of connected
micro-cells network
VPN Agent
(OLT)
Trunk fibers
under control of
an OLT.
The Internet
Office
LAN
VPN
Server
Splitter
ONU
ONU
ONU
Virtual single LAN covering service area with a diameter of 40km
PON: Passive Optical Network OLT: Optical Line Terminal ONU: Optical Network Unit
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Multicasting scenario for LMCs
(a) Location DB .
LMCid#k-1 BS#k-2
LMCid#k R
D
LMCid#k
LMCid#k+1
BS#k-1
BS#k
BS#k-1
BS#k
BS#k+1
BS#k
BS#k+1
BS#k+2
(4)
MT # j
MT address
Serving BS Previous BS
MT # k MT address
Serving BS Previous BS
(4)
LMCid#k-2
LMCid#k-1
R D
Header R
BS#k
LMCid#k
Serving BS Previous BS
(4)
BS#k-1
LMCid#k-1
MT address
D
Central Control Node
MT # i
LMCid#k R
Looking up the
mapping Table
LMCid#k
LMCid#k+1
(5)
BS#k+1
LMCid#k
LMCid#k+1
LMCid#k+2
(3)
(5)
(5)
BS#k-1
P
(1)
Timeout without
Response
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
BSk+1
BS#k
P
(1)
P Timeout without
R
(2)
Response
(1)
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Avoidance of inefficient polling
taking advantage of IP-based paging
Cease of polling when no packet transfer continues
Restart of polling after the registration from the terminal side
Paging and registration when called from the network side
Call
The Internet
IP-based paging network
Paging service
request
Mobile
network
Mobile
terminal
Dormant
Active session
Paging
Waiting
for call
Request with AP registration.
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Handover latency (ms)
Handover latency
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
-100
Standard contention
SynScan
Multiple
polling
Parallel-polling
5
10
15
20
25
30
Number of mobile terminals
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Overhead caused by multiple polling
Throughput as a fraction of channel rate
Normal polling
Multiple- polling
0.4
1000 bytes
0.35
0.3
0.25
500 bytes
0.2
0.15
200 bytes
0.1
0.05
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Number of mobile terminals
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Affection of polling response multicast
delay
MT-200 bytes
MT-500 bytes
45
BS-1500bytes
40
Throughput (Mb/s)
MT-1500 bytes
35
BS-500bytes
30
25
20
BS-200bytes
15
10
5
0
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
Polling response multicast delay (micro-second)
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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Concluding remarks
Integrated mobile network and the IP-based paging
network at the core will be a main scenario in the
future mobile network
Virtual single cell as an innovation in the integrated
mobile network
Virtual single cell can reduce traffic in the macrocellular network
Virtual single cell allows high bit rate packet transfer
to fast MT though it sacrifices a portion of BS
throughput
There can be hopeful mobile services like mobile
LAN office
Shanghai, China, 14 May 2010
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