International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 34 Number 3- April 2016
Pure & Waste Milk Treatment by using PIC
Micro-controller
Basavaraj R. Navalagi#1, Nikhil R. Mahajan#2, Avinash R. Palve#3
#1
Student – Bachelor of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, K. J. College of Engineering and
Management Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
#2
Student – Bachelor of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, K. J. College of Engineering and
Management Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
#3
Student – Bachelor of Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, K. J. College of Engineering and
Management Research, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Abstract— We are trying to implement low cost
automation process system for small scale industry.
With the help of different sensors and microcontroller
we are designing and developing automatic process. It
will reduce human interference.
Milk is an important human food. It contains
protein, fat, lactose, minerals and vitamin – A, B, C, D
& E. There are different kinds of milk obtained from
different animals like cow, buffalo, goat, camel and
many others.
In milk processing & automation mostly PLC
& SCADA to be used but this method is not offer able
for small scale industries & dairies. By using low cost
micro-controller based automation we are trying to
solve this problem.
For small scale industries & commercial
automation with the help of PLC & SCADA , but it is
not suitable for small scale industries.
A. Existing system in India
In India all the large industries use PLC & SCADA
system.
This system is costlier for small scale industries. PLC
& SCADA has many function and large numerous
input and output.
Below is the current scenario of India
India is ranked first in the world contributing
about 14.73% of the total milk produced
globally. milk & milk product are emerging
as important source for improving nutrition
security, providing 9.0% protein intake in
rural areas and 12.5% in urban area.
Milk output has increased by 21% over a
decade mostly in developing area such as,
Asia+60%(160 MM ton)
Africa+50%(30 MM ton)
Growing demand for milk product present a
great opportunity for Indian dairy industry to
modernise and scale up the production of both the
indigenous and exotic products.
dairies monitor all milk related parameter to avoid
wastage & improve quality of milk product. Without
human interface handle milk for different outcomes so
that wastage is minimized & quality is improved.
Keywords — PIC controller, PIC18F458,Tank,DC
Motor, level sensor, etc.
I. INTRODUCTION
The importance of dairy enterprises in the INDIA is
important in Indian economics. Milk and milk
products contain 12-15% of protein
For small scale industries the milk products made
through automation is costlier. Existing system has
ISSN: 2231-5381
II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A milk automation has fixed functions. Following
are some functions of milk automation.
123456-
Cream
Milk packing
Curd
Flavoured Milk
Butter
Ghee
Let us now consider for example, a small industry
which wants to produce 3 milk products
1- Milk packing
2- Cream
3- Butter
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 34 Number 3- April 2016
This fat category we can use for cream
process. There is one valve which will open
when this range of fat senses. This valve
opens at tank which cream process assembly.
Amount of milk should be pass depend upon
the level sensor. When it reaches limit the
valve is off with help of relay.
It contain a dc motor which rotate forward
and reverse with the help of delay given by
microcontroller.
Figure I: Flowchart of milk automation
Stage1 –
Quality CheckingWe should check milk temperature. It can be checked
with the help of LM335. We can set a reference point
below which we can operate our milk process &
above which it is milk product process stops. Above a
reference point actually milk may get damaged due to
high surrounding temperature.
For tripping of ON & OFF process respect to
reference point we use relay with it
Stage2Distribution of milkThe fat content in the milk is vary from milk to milk.
It is also dependent on animals
Cow- 4-5%
Buffalo- 6-8%
Goat- 3.5-4.5 %
With the help of fat sensor we can measure a fat
content in the milk. We can distributed them in 3
groups
1- lowest fat (below 5% )
2- medium range (5-6%)
3- maximum range (above 6%)
Stage 3
1- lowest fatThis fat category we can use for curd process
or flavoured milk process. There is one valve
which will open when this range of fat
senses. This valve opens at tank which
contain curd process equipment.
Amount of milk should be pass depend upon
the level sensor. When it reaches limit the
valve is off with help of relay.
2- Medium rangeThis fat category we can use for milk
packing. There is one valve which will open
when this range of fat senses. This valve
opens at tank which milk packing assembly.
Amount of milk should be pass depend upon
the level sensor. When it reaches limit the
valve is off with help of relay.
Stage 4
Level and status checking mechanismWith the help of float type level sensor we
can off the all 3 valves for respective 3
process. The relay is attached to it for on &
off the valve.
Figure II: Puming Motor With circuit
III. COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
1. Float type level sensor
It is a digital sensor. It has only 2 output on & off. It
requires 5v supply for its input
Figure II: level sensor
3- Maximum range-
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International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT) – Volume 34 Number 3- April 2016
According to level of water its floating part floats on
water. When it’s get reference level it gives the output
2. RelayA relay is electrically operated switch. It use
electromagnet for mechanical switching ie.. on & off.
It has 2 main terminal NO & NC
NO- normally open
NC- normally closed
6. Tank
It is used for storage purpose. The 2 tank will be used.
1-Reservoir
2-main tank
When milk process on the milk from reservoir tank it
is came to main tank with the help of pumping motor
IV. CONCLUSION
With the help of microcontroller we can reduce the
cost of small scale industries. They have fixed
functions so we use the microcontroller rather than
PLC & SCADA.
Small scale industries also produce products at low
cost. Human interference is also reduced.
REFERENCES
1.
2.
3. PIC18F458 MICRO-CONTROLLER
PIC18F458 is 40 pin high performance, Enhanced
flash micro-controller .It consist of RISC architecture
along with some additional features such as timers,
ROM, RAM, CAN MODULE, PPT, PWRT etc.
3.
4.
Ahmed Gad, Shesha H. Jayaram (Effect of Electric Pulse
Parameters on Releasing Metallic Particles From Stainless
Steel Electrodes During PEF Processing of Milk) IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL.
50, NO. 2, MARCH/APRIL 2014 page no. 1402-1408
(Pure and waste milk treatment by electrical embedded view
with advanced pic uc) AQTR IEEE conference , page 612-615
P. Georgieva, R. Oliveira and S. Feyo de Azevedo,
Instrumentation and Process Control – Instrumentation, in
‘Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences’, Eds. H. Roginski, J.W.
Fuquay, P.F. Fox, p. 1392-1401, Academic Press UK, 2002
Micromo ( micro motion solution ) by Faulhaber
This project consist of PIC18F458 which receives
various signal from different component & also it send
control signal them. The micro-controller perform
following Functions1- For forward & reverse motoring with the
given time delay
2- Operation of LM335 heat sensor engaged
with microcontroller
3- Opening and closing of valves according
their reference level
4- Level sensor input and output management
5- Relay operation
6- Status checking mechanism
4. DC motor
A dc motor is used for cream process.
Rating- 12v 2400rpm
It will rotate forward and reverse with the delay set by
microcontroller. With the help of this rotation the
cream is made on top portion of the tank.
5. pumping motor
The function of pumping motor is to pump the milk
from reservoir tank to main tank. It should be
submarine. It is sink in the milk.
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