Justin W. Timbie, Ph.D.
RAND Corporation, 1200 South Hayes Street, Arlington VA 22202-5050
Phone: (703) 413-1100, x5937; Fax: (703) 413-8111; Email: jtimbie@rand.org
Current position
Health Policy Researcher, RAND
Associate Health Policy Researcher, RAND
Education
Ph.D., Health Policy, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Concentration: Evaluative Science and Statistics
B.A., Biology and Spanish, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
6/2012-present
8/2009-6/2012
2003-2007
1996-2000
Previous Positions
Postdoctoral Fellow,
Health Services Research & Development Center of Excellence,
Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI
7/2007-6/2009
Research Assistant, Center for Clinical and Genetic Economics, Duke Clinical Research
Institute, Durham, NC
6/2000-8/2002
Other Research Experience
Research Assistant, Eastern Massachusetts Health Initiative, Boston, MA 8/2006-1/2007
Research Assistant, Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School,
Boston,
MA
6/2004-1/2005
Funded Projects
2014-2017 Building Analytic Capacity for Monitoring and Evaluating the
Implementation of the Affordable Care Act
Sponsor: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, US
Department of health and Human Services
Role: Co-Principal Investigator
This project provides analytic and technical assistance to the Office of the
Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation for monitoring and evaluating the
implementation of the Affordable Care Act, related health policy issues and other
priorities of HHS. This support will provide continuous real-time capacity for
ASPE to develop quick-turnaround products. Technical assistance and products
include a variety of quantitative and qualitative analyses, including: case studies
of ACA’s impact on Public Health Service programs, consumer selection of
Marketplace health plans, and outreach and enrollment best practices.
2014-2015 Evaluating the Impact of the Affordable Care Act on Public Health Service
Act Programs
Sponsor: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, US
Department of health and Human Services
Role: Principal Investigator
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This project used a case study approach to assess the impact of the ACA on six
Public Health Service programs (HRSA-funded health centers, Ryan White
HIV/AIDS Program, Title X Family Planning Program, Title V Maternal and Child
Health Services Block Grant Program, Community Mental Health Services Block
Grant Program, and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Block Grant
Program). We conduced case studies in 8 states and gathered feedback on ACA
impacts from over 360 individuals.
2013-2015 Evaluation of PCORnet, PCORI’s National Clinical Research Network
Sponsor: Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute
Role: Co-Principal Investigator
This project evaluated the implementation of a national clinical research network
designed to facilitate clinical comparative effectiveness research across multiple
delivery systems. We conducted a process and outcomes evaluation, including
primary data collection and secondary analysis of data queries to establish the
readiness of the network to engage in CER by the end of the 18-month project
period.
2011-2016 Evaluation of the FQHC Advanced Primary Care Practice Demonstration
Sponsor: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Role: Co-Principal Investigator
This project evaluates the impact of the provision of technical assistance to
Federally Qualified Health Centers on their ability to achieve certification as
advanced primary care practices. We will assess the impact of this
transformation on health care quality, cost, and patient outcomes.
2013-2014 Specialty Payment Model Opportunities Assessment and Design
Sponsor: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Role: Co-Investigator
This project assesses episode-based payment models for complex and intensive
medical specialty areas using input from the larger healthcare community, and
evaluates the impact of those payment model designs on both beneficiary
services costs and provider costs.
2013-2014 Veterans Health Administration Modernization Initiative
Sponsor: Veterans Health Administration (subcontract to MITRE)
Role: Co-Investigator
This project will assess best practices in care delivery that have been
implemented by exemplary health care delivery systems across the US and will
assess the feasibility of implementing these practices in the VA health care
system.
2011-2012 Assessing design options for the Medicare Advantage Quality-based
Payment Program
Sponsor: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Role: Co-Investigator and Task Leader
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Developed methodological approaches to enhance the effectiveness of qualitybased incentive payments in the Medicare Advantage program.
2011-2012 Efficiency Measures Associated with the Use of Electronic Health Records
Sponsor: Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT
Role: Co-Investigator
This study reviewed the strengths and weaknesses of commonly proposed
measures of efficiency and their readiness for use for measuring the impact of
HIT interventions. We are also conducting an environmental scan and
assessment of potential efficiency measures suitable for meaningful use
requirements, and developing new measure concepts where existing measures
are lacking.
2010-2012 Advancing the Methodology in Physician Cost Profiling
Sponsor: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Roe: Principal Investigator
This project explores the appropriateness of adjustment for patients’
socioeconomic status in estimating physician relative cost profiles. It also seeks
to develop more valid definitions of ‘peer groups’ for benchmarking purposes.
2010-2012 Allocation of Scarce Resources during Mass Casualty Events (MCEs)
Sponsor: Agency for Health Care Research and Quality
Role: Co-Investigator
On behalf of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and
Response (ASPR), we conducted a systematic review on the comparative
effectiveness of strategies for allocating scarce resources during mass casualty
events.
2010-2011 Dissemination and Adoption of CER Findings when Findings Challenge
Current Practices
Sponsor: Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation
Role: Co-Investigator
We conducted 5 case studies of landmark comparative effectiveness studies to
determine the barrier and facilitators in disseminating the results and the
subsequent adoption of the findings.
2010-2011 Advancing Clinical Decision Support
Sponsor: Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT
Role: Co-Investigator
In this project we developed a framework for soliciting meaningful use objectives
for clinical decision support that were responsive to the needs of specialty
physicians.
2011-2013 Evaluation of the Medicare Imaging Demonstration
Sponsor: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Role: Co-Investigator
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We are evaluating the impact of a demonstration of a decision support system
that provides feedback on the appropriateness of orders for advanced diagnostic
imaging services based on input of patient characteristics.
Honors and Awards
2011
Robert Brook Scholar (RAND)
2006
Student Paper Award, Health Policy Statistics Section, American
Statistical Association
2004-2007 Managed Care Industry Research Center Fellowship, Harvard University
Teaching Experience
Quantitative Analysis and Empirical Methods, Teaching Fellow (Fall 2004). Kennedy
School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Program Evaluation for Managers, Teaching Fellow (Spring 2005). Kennedy School of
Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Advanced Quantitative Methods I, Teaching Fellow (Fall 2005). Kennedy School of
Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Program Evaluation: Estimating Program Effectiveness with Empirical Analysis,
Teaching Fellow (Spring 2006). Kennedy School of Government, Harvard
University, Cambridge, MA
Reviewer – Grants
State Health Information Exchange Challenge Grant Program, Office of the National
Coordinator for Health IT (2011)
Regional Extension Center Biennial Evaluation, Office of the National Coordinator for
Health IT (2012)
Reviewer – Peer-reviewed journals
Health Affairs
Journal of General Internal Medicine
Circulation
Diabetes Care
Medical Care
Statistics in Medicine
BMC Medical Research Methodology
Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality &
Outcomes
Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management
Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles
Lee CI, Khodyakov D, Weidmer BA, Wenger NS, Timbie JW, Brantley B, Burgette LF,
Leuschner KJ, Hussey PS, Kahn KL. Radiologists' Perceptions of Computerized
Decision Support: A Focus Group Study From the Medicare Imaging
Demonstration Project. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015 Nov;205(5):947-55. doi:
10.2214/AJR.15.14801.
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C
Hussey PS, Timbie JW, Burgette LF, Wenger NS, Nyweide DJ, Kahn KL.
Appropriateness of advanced diagnostic imaging ordering before and after
implementation of clinical decision support systems. JAMA. 2015 Jun
2;313(21):2181-2. doi: 10.1001/jama.2015.5089.
Timbie JW, Hussey PS, Adams JL, Ruder TW, Mehrotra A. Impact of socioeconomic
adjustment on physicians' relative cost of care. Med Care. 2013 May;51(5):454-60.
Timbie JW, Ringel JS, Fox DS, Pillemer F, Waxman DA, Moore M, Hansen CK, Knebel
AR, Ricciardi R, Kellermann AL. Systematic Review of Strategies to Manage and
Allocate Scarce Resources During Mass Casualty Events. Ann Emerg Med. 2013
Mar 20. doi:pii: S0196-0644(13)00109-1. 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.02.005.
[Epub ahead of print]
Timbie JW, Fox DS. Van Busum K, Schneider EC. Five reasons that many
comparative effectiveness studies fail to change patient care and clinical practice.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2012 Oct;31(10):2168-75.
Timbie JW, Damberg CL, Schneider EC, Bell DS. A conceptual framework and protocol
for defining clinical decision support objectives applicable to medical specialties.
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2012 Sep 3;12(1):93.
Maglione MA, Gans D, Das L, Timbie JW, Kasari C for the Technical Expert Panel,
HRSA Autism Intervention Research – Behavioral (AIR-B) Network. Nonmedical
Interventions for Children With ASD: Recommended Guidelines and Further
Research Needs. Pediatrics 2012;130:S169–S178.
Timbie JW, Hayward RA, Vijan S. Variation in the net benefit of aggressive
cardiovascular risk factor control across the US population of patients with
diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2010 Jun 28;170(12):1037-44.
Timbie JW, Hayward RA, Vijan S. Diminishing efficacy of combination therapy,
response-heterogeneity, and treatment intolerance, limit the attainability of tight
risk factor control in patients with diabetes. Health Serv Res. 2010 Mar;45(2): 437456.
Hayward RA, Krumholz HM, Zulman DM, Timbie JW, Vijan S. Optimizing statin
treatment for primary prevention of coronary artery disease. Ann Intern Med. 2010
Jan 19;152(2):69-77.
Timbie JW, Shahian DM, Newhouse JP, Rosenthal MB, Normand SL. Composite
measures for hospital quality using quality-adjusted life years. Stat Med. 2009 Apr
15;28(8):1238-54.
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Timbie JW, Newhouse JP, Rosenthal MB, Normand SL. A cost-effectiveness
framework for profiling the value of hospital care. Med Decis Making. 2008 MayJun;28(3):419-34.
Timbie JW, Normand SL. A comparison of methods for combining quality and
efficiency performance measures: Profiling the value of hospital care following
acute myocardial infarction. Stat Med. 2008 Apr 30;27(9):1351-70.
Timbie JW, Horvitz-Lennon M, Frank RG, Normand SL. A meta-analysis of labor
supply effects of interventions for major depressive disorder. Psychiatr Serv. 2006
Feb;57(2):212-8.
Levin-Scherz J, DeVita N, Timbie JW. Impact of pay-for-performance contracts and
network registry on diabetes and asthma HEDIS measures in an integrated
delivery network. Med Care Res Rev. 2006 Feb;63(1 Suppl):14S-28S.
Weinfurt KP, Li Y, Castel LD, Saad F, Timbie JW, Glendenning GA, Schulman KA.
The significance of skeletal-related events for the health-related quality of life of
patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Ann Oncol. 2005;16:579-84.
Weinfurt KP, Castel LD, Li Y, Timbie JW, Glendenning GA, Schulman KA. Healthrelated quality of life among patients with breast cancer receiving zoledronic acid
or pamidronate disodium for metastatic bone lesions. Med Care. 2004;42:164-75.
Castel LD, Timbie JW, Sendersky V, Curtis LH, Feather K, Schulman KA. Toward
estimating the impact of changes in immigrants' insurance eligibility on hospital
expenditures for uncompensated care. BMC Health Serv Res. 2003 Jan 10;3(1):1.
Schulman KA, Seils DM, Timbie JW, Sugarman J, Dame LA, Weinfurt KP, Mark DB,
and Califf RM. A National Survey of Contract Provisions in Clinical Trial
Agreements Between Academic Medical Centers and Industry Sponsors. N Engl J
Med, 2002;347:1335-41.
Castel LD, Bajwa K, Markle JP, Timbie JW, Zacker C, Schulman KA. A microcosting
analysis of zoledronic acid and pamidronate therapy in patients with metastatic
bone disease. Support Care Cancer. 2001;9:545–551.
Peer-Reviewed Reports
Evaluation of CMS's Federally Qualified Health Center Advanced Primary Care Practice
Demonstration: Final Second Annual Report (2015). Katherine L. Kahn, Justin W.
Timbie, Mark William Friedberg, Tara A. Lavelle, Peter Mendel, J.Scott Ashwood,
Liisa Hiatt, Ian Brantley, Beverly A. Weidmer, Afshin Rastegar, Aaron Kofner,
Rosalie Malsberger, Mallika Kommareddi, Denise D. Quigley, Claude Messan
Setodji, Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, RR-886/1.
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Specialty Payment Model Opportunities and Assessment: Gastroenterology and
Cardiology Model Design Report (2015). Andrew Mulcahy, Chris Chan, Samuel
Hirshman, Peter J. Huckfeldt, Aaron Kofner, Jodi Liu, Susan L. Lovejoy, Ioana
Popescu, Justin W. Timbie, Peter S. Hussey, Santa Monica, CA: RAND
Corporation, RR-831.
Specialty Payment Model Opportunities and Assessment: Oncology Model Design
Report (2015). Peter J. Huckfeldt, Chris Chan, Samuel Hirshman, Aaron Kofner,
Jodi Liu, Andrew Mulcahy, Ioana Popescu, Clare Stevens, Justin W. Timbie, Peter
S. Hussey, Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, RR-763.
Specialty Payment Model Opportunities and Assessment: Oncology Simulation Report
(2015). Chapin White, Chris Chan, Peter J. Huckfeldt, Aaron Kofner, Andrew
Mulcahy, Julia Pollak, Ioana Popescu, Justin W. Timbie, Peter S. Hussey, Santa
Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, RR-799.
Evaluation of CMS' FQHC APCP Demonstration: Final First Annual Report (2015).
Katherine L. Kahn, Justin W. Timbie, Mark William Friedberg, Peter S. Hussey,
Tara A. Lavelle, Peter Mendel, Liisa Hiatt, Beverly A. Weidmer, Aaron Kofner,
Afshin Rastegar, J.Scott Ashwood, Ian Brantley, Denise D. Quigley, Claude
Messan Setodji, Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, RR-886.
Medicare Imaging Demonstration Final Evaluation: Report to Congress (2014). Justin
W. Timbie, Peter S. Hussey, Lane F. Burgette, Neil S. Wenger, Afshin Rastegar,
Ian Brantley, Dmitry Khodyakov, Kristin Leuschner, Beverly A. Weidmer, Katherine
L. Kahn, Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, RR-706.
Developing an Efficiency Measurement Approach to Assess Hospital Readmissions,
Ambulatory Care Sensitive Admissions, Preventable Emergency Department
Visits: A Resource Guide for Beacon Communities and Other Community
Collaboratives (2012). Justin W. Timbie, Peter S. Hussey, Cheryl Damberg, Santa
Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, TR-1219.
Wynn B, Timbie JW, Sorbero M. Medical care provided under California's workers'
compensation program: effects of the reforms and additional opportunities to
improve the quality and efficiency of care. 2011. Santa Monica, CA: RAND
Corporation, MG-1144-CHSWC.
Gresenz CR, Blanchard JC, Timbie JW, Acosta J, Pollack CE, Ruder T, Saloner B,
Benjamin-Johnson R, Weinick RM, Adamson DM, Hair B. 2010. “Behavioral Health
in the District of Columbia: Assessing Need and Evaluating the Public System of
Care.” Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, TR914-DCMH.
Invited Presentations
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“A cost-effectiveness framework for profiling hospital efficiency.” Panel on Measuring
Efficiency of Health Care. AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Orlando,
FL, June 3-5, 2007.
Presentations (selected)
“Challenges and Opportunities for Strengthening Clinical Decision Support Programs:
Evidence from the Medicare Imaging Demonstration.” AcademyHealth Annual
Research Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, June 15, 2015
“Association Between Patient-Centered Medical Home Features and Cost, Utilization,
and Quality of Care among Medicare Beneficiaries Seeking Care from Federally
Qualified Health Centers.” AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Baltimore,
MD, June 2014
“Dissemination and Adoption of CER Findings when Findings Challenge Current
Practices.” International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
17th Annual International Meeting, Washington, DC, June 4, 2012; AcademyHealth
Annual Research Meeting, Orlando, FL, June 24, 2012
“A Protocol for Eliciting Clinical Decision Support Objectives for Medical Specialties:
Development and Pilot Demonstration.” AcademyHealth Annual Research
Meeting, Orlando, FL, June 25, 2012
“Enhancing the Validity of Physician Cost Benchmarking: A Novel Application of
Propensity Scores to Derive Customized Physician Peer Groups.” AcademyHealth
Annual Research Meeting, Orlando, FL, June 26, 2012
“Comparative Effectiveness Research Results that Challenge Clinical Practice: Factors
Associated with Adoption.” AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Seattle,
WA, June 12-14, 2011.
“Impact of Socioeconomic Adjustment on Physician Cost Profiles.” Society for General
Internal Medicine Annual Meeting, Phoenix, AZ, May 5-7, 2011, and
AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Seattle, WA, June 12-14, 2011.
“Do intermediate outcome measures of quality provide incentives for inefficient care?”
AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Chicago, IL, June 28-30, 2009.
“Implications of treatment-response heterogeneity for the use of intermediate outcome
measures of quality.” VA HSR&D National meeting, Baltimore, MD, February 1113, 2009.
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“Composite measures for hospital quality using quality-adjusted life years.”
AcademyHealth Annual Research Meeting, Washington, DC, June 8-10, 2008.
“Measuring differences in the quality of CABG surgery using quality-adjusted life years.”
International Conference on Health Policy Statistics, Philadelphia, PA, January 1718, 2008.
“Profiling hospital value: Methods for combining quality and efficiency performance
measures.” Joint Statistical Meetings, American Statistical Association, Seattle,
WA, August 3-10, 2006.
“Hierarchical Bayesian cost-effectiveness models for creating provider profiles.”
International Conference on Health Policy Research, Boston, MA, October 28-30,
2005.
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