GSOM SPbSU Research Book. 2014. Issue 4 http://www.gsom.spbu.ru/en/research Printed in Graduate School of Management SPbU, 2015. Coordination and Edition: Anna V. Menshikova , Head of Research Projects Department Research Management: Yulia B. Ilina, Head of Research Programmes Committee Contents Research Programmes and Publications........................................................................................................................4 Awards................................................................................................................................................9 Research Centers................................................................................................................................................................14 PricewaterhouseCoopers Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility............................................................................................15 Centre for Entrepreneurship.................................................................................................................................................................16 Deutsche Bahn and Russian Railways Centre for International Logistics and Supply Chain Management.....................18 Centre for Strategic Marketing and Innovation...................................................................................................................................19 Center for Public Private Partnership Studies.....................................................................................................................................20 Center for the Study of Emerging Market and Russian Multinational Enterprises..................................................21 Case Development Center......................................................................................................................................................................22 Doctoral Thesis...................................................................................................................................................................24 Research Conferences and Seminars Organized by SPbU..........................................................................................25 Annual Conferences...............................................................................................................................................................................25 International Conference on Game Theory and Management, GTM 2014.................................................................................25 GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives.......................................................................26 Academic Journals Published in SPbU...........................................................................................................................29 The Russian Management Journal .........................................................................................................................................................29 Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series...............................................................................................30 Faculty Publications............................................................................................................................................................31 International Peer-Reviewed Journals.................................................................................................................................................31 Other International Peer-Reviewed Journals......................................................................................................................................37 Russian Academic Journals...............................................................................................................................................38 Russian Peer-Reviewed Journals ‘Category A’..................................................................................................................................38 Russian Peer-Reviewed Journals ‘Category B’....................................................................................................................................41 Other Academic Journals Included in the Higher Attestation Committee (VAK) List (in Economics).....................................45 Other Academic Journals Included in the Higher Attestation Committee (VAK) List (in Other Sciences).....................................47 Other Academic Journals......................................................................................................................................................................48 Books.................................................................................................................................................................49 National Reports................................................................................................................................................................49 Working Papers..................................................................................................................................................................50 GSOM SPbU Working Papers Series (in English)...............................................................................................................................50 GSOM SPbU Working Papers Series (in Russian)................................................................................................................................52 Working Papers Published at Social Science Research Network Portal (SSRN).............................................................................52 Cases Registered at The Case Centre (ecch)........................................................................................................................................53 Textbooks and Manuals...................................................................................................................................................54 Appendices.......................................................................................................................................................55 Appendix 1: The List of Research Areas................................................................................................................................................55 Appendix 2: Membership of GSOM SPbU Faculty in Journal Editorial Boards ...............................................................................56 1 Research Book 2014 Andrey Kostin Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Professor, Director, GSOM SPbU Dear colleagues, The Graduate School of Management (GSOM SPbU) is a leading Russian business school established as a part of the Saint Petersburg State University. As a university business school, it has been equally focusing on the development of educational curriculum and research in management. Today the Graduate School of Management SPbU is the only business school in Russia and the CIS with top professional accreditations in management. In the Financial Times ranking of “European Business Schools 2014” GSOM SPbU is 61st, having raised 13 positions in comparison to the previous year. Thus the School not only reaffirmed its leading positions among top business schools in the region of Eastern Europe but also succeeded in rising in international rankings. While the FT ranking has become a real measure of the Schools’ quality and breadth of its programmes, what added much to such recognition were the results of our faculty’s and students’ research in the field of management. The main areas of the GSOM SPbU research include corporate social responsibility, entrepreneurship, international logistics and supply chain management, strategic marketing and innovations. 2 Moreover, in 2014 the School established two new research centers, namely the Center for Public Private Partnership Studies; and the Center for International Business and Emerging Markets. We expect them providing a noticeable input in relevant research fields. Sharing our research achievements with academic peers globally is an important component of our work, too. In this connection it is worth noting the success of the international “GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives” held in October 2014. More than 250 participants took part in the conference representing 46 leading universities from the European Union, the CIS, Brazil, Russia, India, China, the USA and other countries, which I believe was a clear sign of growing interest worldwide towards the GSOM academic achievements. Hereby I am pleased to present the Research Book 2014 with full reporting on the research programs and publications of the GSOM SPbU issued in 2014. Yulia Ilina Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Head of Research Programmes Committee Dear friends and colleagues! We are pleased to present the GSOM SPbU 2014 Research Book. Based on the achievements of previous years and according to Development Program of Saint-Petersburg State University until 2020 GSOM SPbU keeps on developing and disseminating new knowledge that is highly valued for science, business and society in general. The unique innovative for Russian business schools international research environment of dissemination of global management ideas and practices in Russian public and business sectors is developing at Graduate School of Management SPbU. Internships at world-leading universities and research centers, doctoral program that meets international standards, library possessing a unique for Russia collection of books in management and the subscription for journals and databases, the publication of two management journals, regular international research conferences and seminars, grants to support research projects and participation at conferences, bonuses for publications in top journals listed in ABS ranking – all of this became possible by virtue of our joint efforts! The main areas of research at GSOM SPbU are social corporate responsibility, entrepreneurship, international logistics and supply chain management, strategic marketing and innovations. There are four research centers in the school specializing in these areas. A significant result of research development was foundation in 2014 of two new research centers: Center for Public Private Partnership Studies; Center for International Business and Emerging Markets. Other research areas such as corporate governance, international business, knowledge management and human resource management are also actively developing. GSOM SPbU faculty are members of editorial boards of leading international and Russian management journals International Journal of Human Resource Management, Human Resource Development International, Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business and Society, Journal of Change Management, Baltic Journal of Management, Decision Science Journal of Innovative Education, Journal of Leadership, Management & Organizational Studies, International Journal of Management and Marketing: An Open Access International Journal, International Journal of Organizational Learning and Change, Journal of Business & Management, The Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research), guest editors at high-ranking international journals (Human Resource Development International, Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business and Society), as well as active reviewers (Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, International Journal of Human Resource Management, Journal of Business Ethics, International Journal of Human Resource Management, Managerial Finance). In 2014 VIII International Conference “Game Theory and Management 2013” was held by GSOM SPbU with the participation of leading Russian and foreign researchers. Industry Conference “PPP in the Transport Sector: Ensuring Road Safety” was held as part of the “Transport Week – 2014” on December, 4 in Moscow. It was organized jointly by the Center for PPP Studies (Graduate School of Management SPbU) and the Research Institute of the Motor Transport (NIIAT). Representatives of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation, Federal Road Agency, State Company “Avtodor”, federal and regional executive authorities, large financial, construction and consulting companies as well as international experts in the field of PPP and representatives of the academic community took part in the conference. Furthermore, 2014 was marked by holding international conference “GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives“ which continued the tradition of the conference “Public Sector Transition”. Members of the Conference Program Committee, Conference papers’ reviewers and Conference participants were leading foreign and Russian researchers. As the result, the conference “GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives” is planned to be scheduled annually. The detailed information about GSOM SPbU research activities during 2014 including a comparison with the previous years is presented in this report. We are confident that these achievements will contribute to the wider international recognition of the School as the leading international center of research in management! 3 Research Book 2014 Research Programmes and Publications The research at GSOM SPbU is represented by a broad range of intellectual activities that include fundamental and applied research and the development of educational materials. As for the most university based business schools, the publications in international scientific journals in management are in the top priority for GSOM SPbU. At the same time the School highly values the other forms of the dissemination of research activity, such as books, book chapters, articles in professional journals, and cases. The basis for these publications – presentations at Russian and international conferences and publications in a series of research papers. In 2014 a number of papers based on the latest research in management was published in the leading international journals listed in Association of Business Schools (ABS) Academic Journal Quality Guide (Table 1). This fact indicates the sustainable growth of the quality of the research done by our professors and research fellows (Figures 1, 2, Tables 2, 3). In 2014 77 full-time faculty members, 8 laboratory assistants, researchers and 6 research projects managers contributed to the development of GSOM SPbU research activities (Figure 3). The achievements of GSOM SPbU should be attributed to further growth of its case study collection, including cases 4 registered in The Case Centre (known before 01.07.2013 as European Case Clearing House) (Figure 5) and a number of book chapters of GSOM SPbU faculty published in English by leading publishing houses (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Edward Elgar Publishing, Oxford University Press, Palgrave Macmillan, Routledge). In 2014 GSOM SPbU continued to issue two journals in the field of Management, holding leading positions according to the Russian Science Citation Index impact factor: Russian Journal of Management – 3rd among published in Russia scientific journals on “Economics. Economic Science”, and Vestnik (Herald) of St. Petersburg University. Management Series – 1st place among all the journals in Vestnik (Herald) of St. Petersburg University series. Financial support for research is organized at GSOM SPbU according to the principle of co-financing. The main sources are competitive grants from the Russian government (including those which are part of the Development Programme of Saint Petersburg University until 2020), and foreign research support funds, private Russian and international funds, as well as targeted funding of research projects by GSOM SPbU corporate partners and other companies. Research Programmes and Publications Table 1. GSOM SPbU Faculty 10 Best Publications of 2014 Author(-s) Paper title Journal title Vol., Issue Pages WoS IF (2012 /5 years) Bertrand O., Lumineau F., Fedorova E. The Supportive Factors of Firms' Collusive Behavior: Empirical Evidence from Cartels in the European Union Organization Studies Vol. 35, Issue 6 881-908 2,504 / 3,355 2,371 / 1,786 Shirokova G., Vega G., Kozyreva T. Dipaul, Inc.: Transitioning in Measured Steps (Case) Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Vol. 38, Issue 2 427-444 2,447 / 3,81 3,254 / 2,543 Andreeva T., Festing M., Minbaeva D., MuratbekovaTouron M. The Janus Faces of IHRM in Russian MNEs Human Resource Management Article Vol. 53, Issue 6 967– 986 1,395 / 2,517 1,499/ 1,37 Gavrilova T., Leshcheva I., Strakhovich E. Gestalt Principles of Creating Learning Business Ontologies for Knowledge Codification Knowledge Management Research & Practice doi: 10.1057/ kmrp.2013.60 1,069/ - 0,445 / 0,849 Latukha M. Talent Management in Russian Companies: domestic challenges and international experience International Journal of Human Resource Management online 0,792 / 1,510 0,734 / 0,940 Muravyev A., Talavera O., Weir C. Performance Effects of Appointing Other Firms’ Executive Directors to Corporate Boards: an analysis of UK firms Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting online Muravyev A. Evolution of Regulation of Labor in the USSR, CIS and Baltic States, 1985-2009 Europe-Asia Studies Vol. 66, Issue 8 12701294 0,464 / 0,692 0,706 /0,750 Shirokova G., Berezinets I., Shatalov A. Organizational Change and Firm Growth in Transition Economies Journal for East European Management Studies Vol.19, Issue 2, 10.1688/ JEEMS-201402-Shirokova 185-213 0,406 / 0,449 0,226 /0,846 Huhtala J.-P., Sihvonen A., Frösén J., Jaakkola M., Tikkanen H. Market Orientation, Innovation Capability and Business Performance: insights from the global financial crisis Baltic Journal of Management Vol. 9, Issue 2 0,359/ 0,633 0,200 / 0,448 Panibratov A., Latukha M. Obtaining International Results through Partnerships: evidence from Russian MNEs in the IT sector Journal for East European Management Studies Vol. 19, Issue 1, 10.1688/ JEEMS-201401-Panibratov 0,250 / 0,189 0,226 / 0,846 ScopusSJR (2012)/ SNIP (2012) 0,617 / - 134-152 31-57 5 Research Book 2014 Table 2. GSOM SPbU Faculty Research Output, 2008-2014 Research Output / Year 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Total Articles in academic journals 66 76 74 76 73 64 78 507 Books 9 2 2 1 3 2 1 20 Research Collections 2 2 3 1 2 4 1 15 Articles in professional journals 19 13 9 13 6 3 2 65 Textbooks 16 10 16 15 3 7 6 73 Table 3. Number of GSOM SPbU Faculty Publications in International and Russian Academic Journals, 2008-2014 Year 6 Number of Publications in International Academic Journals Number of Publications in Russian Academic Journals total incl. ABS list incl. A, В categories total incl. VAK list incl. 1-5 acc. to RSCI index 2014 24 11 6 52 51 13 2013 16 10 4 48 41 9 2012 20 14 4 53 50 12 2011 27 13 6 49 45 11 2010 20 9 4 54 42 6 2009 22 10 2 54 49 9 2008 12 3 0 54 45 13 Research Programmes and Publications Fig. 1. Geographical Distribution of GSOM SPbU Faculty Participation in Conferences, 2014 GSOM SPbU Faculty Research Output, 2014 Articles in academic journals 13 Books 3 Research Collections 7 Articles in Professional Journals 6 1 2 Textbooks 1 78 Cases and teaching notes Cases and teaching notes registered in ecch Book chapters Fig. 2. GSOM SPbU Faculty Research Output, 2014 7 Research Book 2014 Research projects managers 6 8 88 Junior researchers Business practitioners Core faculty (foreign core faculty) 77 (3) Fig. 3. Faculty and Staff Involved in Research in Management, 2014 Fig. 4. Geographical Distribution of GSOM SPbU Faculty Research Collaboration 2014 8 Awards Awards Shirokova G., Doctor of Sciences in Economics, Professor of Strategic and International Management Department, SPbU Galina V. Shirokova, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor at Strategic and International Management Department, St.Petersburg University Graduate School of Management, Director of the Center for Entrepreneurship was awarded with St. Petersburg State University award in 2014 for research papers in nomination “For Fundamental Achievements in Research” for her series of papers “Factors of Creation, Development and Growth of Entrepreneurial Firms in Russia”. The series of research papers of Professor Galina V. Shirokova includes chapters in collective monographs (Two Chapters), articles in leading international (13 articles) and Russian academic journals (10 articles). Articles, presented to take part in the competition, contain the main research results reflecting various aspects of Russian entrepreneurial firms at different stages of their formation, development and growth. The problems considered in the research papers involve various conceptual questions regarding the peculiarities of entrepreneurship theory application in countries with developing economies. Research papers are based on the results of empirical research with the use of qualitative and quantitative methods, which gives an indication of reliability and validity of the conclusions and recommendations presented. Moreover, series of articles represent the research results of large-scale surveys applied to hundreds of companies as well indepth research of specific entrepreneurial firms’ (case study), which gives an indication of the comprehensive investigation of entrepreneurial firms’ phenomenon in the Russian context. The combination of inductive and deductive approaches applied to the study made it possible not only to develop theoretical propositions concerning the entrepreneurial firms’ development, but also to provide their empirical testing. Presented research papers make a significant contribution to the theory of entrepreneurship development, expanding knowledge about the entrepreneurial firm’s behavior in the emerging market context, refining and developing the existing concepts in the field of entrepreneurship research. This contribution was highly appreciated by the members of the Academic Council of St. Petersburg State University, who decide on the prize award. Award for Professor Galina V. Shirokova is one of six awards granted in 2014 in St. Petersburg State University for fundamental achievements in research for series of papers by one or several authors, who made a major contribution into research. 9 Research Book 2014 Paper Published in Academic Journal of Financial Times List Shirokova G., Doctor of Sciences in Economics, Professor of Strategic and International Management Department, SPbU Vega G., Professor, Director, Center for Entrepreneurial Activity, Bertolon School of Business, Salem State University, Massachusetts, USA Kozyreva T., Graduate School of Management St. Petersburg University Entrepreneurship (USASBE). The journal’s mission is to publish original conceptual and empirical papers that contribute to the advancement of the field of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice is included in the list of 45 journals used by the Financial Times in compiling the Business School research rank, included in both the Global MBA and EMBA rankings. Paper “Dipaul, Inc.: Transitioning in Measured Steps (Case)” was published in 2014 in Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Journal. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice is a leading scholarly journal in the field of Entrepreneurship studies and the official journal of the United States Association for Small Business and The Most Frequently Downloaded Paper in Academic Journal Shirokova G., Doctor of Sciences in Economics, Professor of Strategic and International Management Department, SPbU Vega G., Professor, Director, Center for Entrepreneurial Activity, Bertolon School of Business, Salem State University, Massachusetts, USA Sokolova L., Graduate School of Management St. Petersburg University The purpose of this paper is to examine the ability of Russian firms to develop strategic entrepreneurship (SE) as a source of sustainable competitive advantage in a turbulent and hostile business environment. It aims to suggest a model of SE that includes two components – exploration and exploitation – and to test this model on 500 Russian small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) which show the influence of these components on firm performance. It also aims to address one of the most fundamental questions confronting the international business (IB) field: “What determines the success and failure of firms around the world?”. The paper presents empirical research with a regression analysis of 500 Russian SMEs operating in Moscow and St. Petersburg in three major industries: information technologies 10 and communications (ICT), hotels, restaurants, and cafes (HoReCa) and wholesale/retail. The Russian firms show a positive influence of exploration and exploitation on firm performance. Moreover, the influence of specific elements of exploration and exploitation was analyzed and entrepreneurial values, investments in internal resources, knowledge management and developmental changes were determined to be significant factors constituting SE and having a positive relationship with firm performance. The research is limited by its sample, which includes only three industries and the number of dependent variables tested. The paper contributes to the existing literature on entrepreneurship and IB in two ways. The theoretical contribution in entrepreneurship literature is linked to development and testing of the SE model. It also contributes to IB literature by proposing that SE is one of the possible sources for creating a successful firm in an emerging economy context such as in Russia. Emerald (Emerald Group Publishing) was founded in 1967 at the University of Bredford, UK for publishing literature in management, marketing, and information science. Now Emerald is a global leader in publishing of the scientific and professional literature. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,000 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and services Awards The Highly Commended Paper in Academic Journal Dumay J., PhD, Senior Lecturer, Discipline of Accounting, University of Sydney Business School, Sydney, Australia Garanina T., Candidate of Sciences in Economics, Senior Lecturer, Department of Finance and Accounting, GSOM SPbU The paper “Intellectual Capital Research: a Critical Examination of the Third Stage” published in 2013 in Journal of Intellectual Capital (Vol. 14, Issue 1, pp. 10–25), has been selected by the journal’s Editorial Team as a Highly Commended Paper of 2013. The Award for Excellence is issued annually by Emerald Group Publishing in terms of Emerald Literati Network Award. The Journal of Intellectual Capital Editorial Team was asked to nominate an Outstanding Paper and up to three Highly Commended Papers. “Intellectual Capital Research: a Critical Examination of the Third Stage” was chosen as a Highly Commended Paper winner as it is one of the most impressive pieces of work within Journal of Intellectual Capital throughout 2013. The purpose of the paper “Intellectual Capital Research: a Critical Examination of the Third Stage” is to examine intellectual capital research (ICR) methods and critically analyze the ways and possibilities of their utilization. The data set for this analysis is based on examining IC papers published in specialist IC and generalist accounting journals from the years 2000 to 2011. The implication of this paper for ICR and practice is to create a continued discourse about evolving approaches to ICR so we can continue communicating leading edge, third wave ICR, which develops IC theory in practice and effective IC management through praxis. The paper is novel because it investigates how ICR has transitioned, how it evolved into third stage and how ICR might continue to develop. Emerald (Emerald Group Publishing) was founded in 1967 at the University of Bredford, UK for publishing literature in management, marketing, and information science. Now Emerald is a global leader in publishing of the scientific and professional literature. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,000 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and services. Publications in Highly Ranked International Academic Journals Andreeva T.E, Candidate of Sciences, Associate Professor of Organizational Behavior and Personnel Management Department, SPbU Festing M., PhD, Professor of HR Management and Crosscultural Leadership, ESCP Europe School of Business, Berlin, Germany Minbaeva D., PhD, Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark Muratbekova-Touron M., PhD, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of Strategy, Organizational Behaviour and Human Resources Department, ESCP Europe, Paris, France The paper “The Janus Faces of IHRM in Russian MNEs”, having Tatiana Andreeva, Associate Professor, Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, as a co-author, has been published in highly ranked international scientific peer-reviewed journal of the highest A category (Association of Business Schools (ABS) Academic Journal Quality Guide). The article analyzes international human resource management (IHRM) approaches of Russian multinational enterprises (MNEs). The data gathered through interviews with HR managers at the headquarters of Russian MNEs and at their subsidiaries in developed and developing countries indicate that Russian MNEs adopt HRM practices of Western origin. However, Tatiana Andreeva with her coauthors highlight that these MNEs differ radically in their choices of IHRM approaches: “Many of these differences depend on the country in which a subsidiary operates. The relationships with subsidiaries located in CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) countries typically reflect a feeling of superiority of Russian MNE, and they implement HRM practices, applied in headquarters. At the same time, HRM approaches in other countries (both developed and developing), represent a mix of global best practices and local HRM practices and are less related to practices, applied in headquarters. Despite the aspirations of Russian MNEs to adopt Western HRM practices, the authors did not find any instances of the reverse transfer of management practices from subsidiaries in developed countries to the Russian MNEs’ headquarters or any examples of cross-pollination among subsidiaries in various countries.” The Human Resource Management Journal strives to create a bridge between theory (academic research) and real-world practices, allowing academicians to learn from practitioners and allowing practitioners to apply leading-edge research 11 Research Book 2014 theories to their day-to-day operations. The journal is published by Wiley publishing. Wiley is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons. Wiley publishes nearly 1,500 peer-reviewed journals and 1,500+ new books annually in print and online, as well as databases, major reference works and laboratory protocols. Berezinets I., Candidate of Sciences in Mathematics, Associate Professor of Finance and Accounting Department, SPbU Ilyina Yu., Candidate of Sciences in Economics, Associate Professor of Finance and Accounting Department, SPbU Muravyev A., PhD, Associate Professor of Public Administration Department, SPbU The paper “The Structure of Corporate Boards and Private Benefits of Control: Evidence from the Russian Stock Exchange” coauthored by faculty members of Graduate School of Management SPBSU – Irina V. Berezinets, Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Accounting, Yulia B. Ilina, Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Accounting, and Alexander A. Muravyev, Associate Professor, 12 Department of Public Administration, – is accepted for publication in “International Review of Financial Analysis”, international scientific refereed journal of B category (according to the list of Association of Business Schools (ABS) Academic Journal Quality Guide). Sincere congratulations to authors! The paper revisits the role of board size and composition in corporate governance, employing a measure of private benefits of control (PBC) as an indicator of governance problems in firms. Authors calculate PBC using the voting premium approach for a sample of dual class stock companies traded on the Russian stock exchange between 1998 and 2009. Using fixed-effects regressions, authors find a quadratic relationship between PBC and board size, implying the optimality of medium-sized (about 11 directors) supervisory boards. This result is substantially stronger for PBC than traditional measures of corporate performance. There is also some evidence that director ownership helps to mitigate governance problems. Most remarkably, authors find that non-executive/independent directors are associated with larger PBC and thus do not seem to help improve corporate governance. In contrast, regressions with accounting performance measures as dependent variables tend to suggest a positive role of these directors in corporate governance. “International Review of Financial Analysis” is a non-affiliated refereed journal whose primary goal is to provide an outlet for high quality Financial Research. The intent of the editors is to have the journal provide a vehicle for the dissemination of international Finance Research ideas and results. Awards Honorary Diploma of the National Award for Applied Economics Muravyev A., PhD, Associate Professor of Public Administration Department, SPbU Professional jury of 2014th National Award for Applied Economics distinguished the article “The Wage and Nonwage Costs of Displacement in Boom Times: Evidence from Russia“, written by Alexander Muravyev, Associate Professor at Department of Public Administration, in co-authorship with Hartmut Lehmann, Tiziano Razzolini and Anzelika Zaiceva. Alexander Muravyev, has been awarded with an honorary diploma at the ceremony of the 2014th National Award for Applied Economics which took place on April, 2nd as a part of XV April International Academic Conference on Economic and Social Development. Professional jury of the Award distinguished the paper «The Wage and Nonwage Costs of Displacement in Boom Times: Evidence from Russia», written by Alexander Muravyev in co-authorship with Hartmut Lehmann, Tiziano Razzolini and Anzelika Zaiceva. The article was published in Journal of Comparative Economics in 2013 (Vol. 41, pp. 1184-1201). The paper analyzes the costs of job loss over the years of a booming economy, 2003–2008, using unique data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. In addition to analyzing standard labor market outcomes, such as forgone earnings, employment, hours worked and wage penalties, the unique data set allowed authors to investigate additional non-wage costs of displacement, in particular, fringe benefits, the propensity to have an informal employment relationship or a temporary contract. Authors found that displaced individuals face large foregone earnings following displacement, which are heterogeneous across education and ownership type of firm from which the worker separated. There is no evidence of wage penalties for re-employed displaced workers. However, authors found an increased probability of working in informal or temporary jobs if previously displaced and a reduction in the number of benefits. The findings are highly relevant for the development of employment policy in the Russian economy under various macroeconomic trends. The National Award for Applied Economics is conferred for outstanding scientific works that analyze Russian economy. The objective of the Award is to reveal the papers of high importance for academic research development and economic education in Russia, as well as papers that contribute to increasing the effectiveness of Russian economy and economic policy. The founders of the Award are National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), New Economic School (Moscow), Ural Federal University named after the first president of Russia B.N. Yeltsin (Yekaterinburg), Association of Russian Economic Think-Tanks (ARETT, Moscow), Institute of World Economy and International Relations of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO RAN, Moscow), Business Journal “Expert” (Moscow). The Best Paper of Young Scholar Aray Yu., Junior Researcher, Strategic and International Management Department, SPbU Research paper by Yulia N. Aray, Junior Researcher of GSOM SPbU, titled “Business Models of Social Entrepreneurship: Aspects and Principles of Development“ was awarded a diploma for the best conference paper in «Management» session at the XXI International Student, Postgraduate and Young Scientists’ Conference “Lomonosov” organized by the Lomonosov Moscow State University from 7 to 11 April 2014. The study of companies’ business models is an important topic in organizational studies. It is logical to consider aspects of social entrepreneurship business model formation and the use of the business model as the unit of analysis in social entrepreneurship. First, social entrepreneurship is characterized by a complex process of value creation (both social and economic). Second, social entrepreneurship is embedded in a complex network of stakeholders. Despite the fact that there has been a number of studies on business models in social entrepreneurship in recent years, they are still fragmented, and no studies consider Russian context of business models in social entrepreneurship. The study on business models of social entrepreneurship in Russian companies appears to be relevant because of the existing aspect of the institutional environment. The analysis of the business models formation will improve the efficiency of organizations working in social entrepreneurship with further opportunity to scale and disseminate successful practices, and as a consequence, it can stimulate social entrepreneurship development in Russia. The purpose of this study is to determine the aspects and principles of business models formation in social entrepreneurship by using case studies of Russian companies working in social entrepreneurship. As a result of the analysis, the data were obtained which allow for a number of prepositions and conclusions regarding the aspects of formation of business models of social entrepreneurship. Some part of the findings is based on the general logic of the peculiarities of business models functioning in social entrepreneurship, and the other part is based on the specific characteristics of the institutional environment in Russia. 13 Research Book 2014 Research Centers According to the priority areas of research the four earlier established and two new research centers operated in GSOM SPbU in 2014: • Deutsche Bahn and Russian Railways Centre for International Logistics and Supply Chain Management; • Centre for Entrepreneurship; • Center for International Business and Emerging Markets; • Center for Public Private Partnership Studies; • Centre for Strategic Marketing and Innovation; • PricewaterhouseCoopers Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility. The centers aim to contribute to formation and further development of GSOM SPbU competencies on their profiles targeting at leadership in Russia and worldwide in the relevant areas while doing research, participation in expert activities and knowledge dissemination, development of educational programs. 14 In addition, there is Case Development Center in GSOM SPbU, which has the most extensive in Russia collection of full-length and mini-cases based on Russian and international companies doing business in Russia. Most of the cases developed in the center are research-based, i.e. are the result of the collection and processing of raw materials. All centers have three interrelated priority areas: worldclass research on current issues in the theory and practice of management, promoting the quality of teaching in GSOM SPbU specialized degree programs at all levels and the development and implementation of innovative training programs for managers and entrepreneurs. Young researchers, graduate students and GSOM SPbU undergraduates are involved in the activities of the centers, which is important to ensure the high level of academic and practical significance of their theses. The publication of research results in highly ranked international and Russian academic journals and other types of publications, and the execution of research and educational projects for leading companies in the country and in the world are the most important criteria for the Centers’ success. Research Centers PricewaterhouseCoopers Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility The Centre’s goal is to support GSOM SPbU mission — to educate and advance the national managerial elite strongly committed to the idea of implementing the principles of social responsibility and sustainable development in Russian companies and respecting interests of all stakeholders. • The Foundation of Regional Social Programs “Our Future” (www.nb-fund.ru) • The Academy of Business in Society, ABIS (www.eabis.org) Director of the Center: Yury Blagov, Candidate of Science (Economics), Associate Professor, Strategic & International Management Department GSOM SPbU. • Global Organizational Learning and Development network GOLDEN for sustainability (www.goldenforsustainability.org) • Global Responsible Leadership Initiative, GRLI (www.grli.org) • International Network of Research Centers for Business Sustainability, NBS (www.nbs.net) • Global Association “Principles for Responsible Management Education”, PRME (www.unprime.org) Main Projects 2014 National “Report on Social Investment in Russia–2014: Creating Value for Business and Society”. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researcher: Assistant Professor Anastasia Petrova-Savchenko. National “Report on Corporate Philanthropy in Russia”. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researcher: Assistant Professor Anastasia Petrova-Savchenko. Professional Training Program “Projects Development in the Field of Social Entrepreneurship, 2013-2014”. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researchers: Junior Researcher Yulia Aray, Assistant Professor Anastasia PetrovaSavchenko. Professional Training Program “Projects Dissemination in the Field of Social Entrepreneurship, 2014-2015”. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researchers: Junior Researcher Yulia Aray, Assistant Professor Anastasia PetrovaSavchenko. Analytical Research on Corporate Social Responsibility of Companies in Leningrad Region. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researchers: Assistant Professor Anastasia Petrova-Savchenko, Doctoral Student Sofia Villo. Research Project “Opportunities of Social Entrepreneurship Development”. Project leader: Associate Professor Yuri Blagov, researchers: Junior Researcher Yulia Aray, Assistant Professor Anastasia Petrova-Savchenko. Main partners • PricewaterhouseCoopers Russia (www.pwc.com) • Russian Managers Association (www.amr.ru) • Donors Forum (www.donorsfirum.ru) • Business newspaper “Vedomosti” (www.vedomosti.ru) Projects are sponsored by: • PricewaterhouseCoopers Russia/ PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting • Citi Foundation • JTI Russia Selected publications: Blagov Yu., Aray Yu. Educational programs in social Entrepreneurship: International Experience and Russian Features // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, c. 177-197 Aray Yu., Burmistrova T. Specificity of Business Models In Social Entrepreneurship // Russian management Journal, (2014), 4. Storchevoy M., Hass J.K. Chapters in the Book “Entrepreneurial Climate”, “Understanding Russia”, “New Russian Capitalism (19852012)”, “Business Law and Regulations” // «Taking your business to Russia. A guidebook and historical overview for entrepreneurs». Ed. by Soren Kock and Tamara Galkina. Hanken School of Economics, Finland, 2014. Blagov Yu., Petrova-Savchenko A. National “Report on Social Investment in Russia–2014: Creating Value for Business and Society” // Blagov Yu. et al.; Yu. Blagov, I. Soboleva (eds.). Saint-Petersburg: ATM Kniga, 2014. 15 Research Book 2014 Centre for Entrepreneurship GSOM SPbU Center for Entrepreneurship is aiming to unite and concentrate GSOM SPbU faculty, alumni, post-graduates and undergraduate student’s efforts on entrepreneurship as one of the key research areas. The main goal of Center’s creation is development and dissemination of knowledge on entrepreneurship. Director of the Center: Galina Shirokova, Doctor of Science (Economics), Professor, Strategic & International Management Department GSOM SPbU. • Bentley University, USA (www.bentley.edu) • Northeastern University’s D’Amore-McKim School of Business, USA (www.damore-mckim.northeastern.edu) • Warrington College of Business Administration, University of Florida, USA (www.warrington.ufl.edu) • University of Bern, Management Department, Switzerland (www.unibe.ch) Main Projects 2014 Research Project “The Antecedents of Students’ Entrepreneurial Activity: an Institutional Approach”. Project leader: Professor Galina Shirokova, researchers: Assistant Professor Tatyana Tsukanova, Doctoral Students Karina Bogatyryeva, Julia Bistrova and Tatyana Belyaeva, Researchers Linda Edelman, Tatiana Manolova and Dmitry Knatko. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor — Russia (GEM). The Center for Entrepreneurship is GEM Russian partner. Project leader: Associate Professor Olga Verkhovskaya, researchers: Maria Dorokhina, Doctoral Student Anastasia Sergeeva. Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS). GSOM SPbU is the main partner of Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS) project in Russia. Since 2003 the Swiss Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship at the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) leads the survey. Project leader: Professor Galina Shirokova, researchers: Assistant Professor Tatyana Tsukanova, Doctoral Student Karina Bogatyryeva. Annual Students’ Business Plan Competition. Project leader: Professor Galina Shirokova, coordinator: Assistant Professor Tatyana Tsukanova, Doctoral Student Yulia Bystrova, manager Irina Malkova. Main partners 16 • CJSC “NPF “Teplocom” (www.teplocom.spb.ru) • Communication Agency “PRAVDA” (www.daetopravda.ru) • The Centre for Entrepreneurship (Moscow) (www.cfe.ru) • The Foundation of Regional Social Programs “Our Future” (www.nb-fund.ru) • Swiss Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship at the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland) (www.cfb.unisg.ch) Projects are sponsored by: • Russian Science Foundation • GSOM SPbU tuition revenues • The Center for Entrepreneurship (Moscow) • The Foundation of Regional Social Programs “Our Future” • CJSC “NPF Teplocom” • GSOM SPbU Alumni Association • “E&Y” Selected publications: Shirokova G., Vega G., Kozyreva T. DiPaul, Inc.: Transitioning in Measured Steps // Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, (2014), 38(2), p. 427-444. Shirokova G., Berezinets I., Shatalov A. Organizational Change and Firm Growth in Emerging Economies // Journal for East European Management Studies, (2014), 19 (2), p. 165-185. Shirokova G., Bogatyreva K., Galkina T. Effectuation and Causation: Relationship Between University Infrastructure and Behavioral Choice In New Venture Creation by Student-Entrepreneurs // Russian Management Journal , (2014), 12(3), с.59-86. Tsukanova T. Russian SMEs Go International // Modern Competition, (2014), 2 (44), с.60-76. Research Centers Bystrova Yu., Shirokova G. What do we know about new ventures? Definitions, characteristics and factors influencing their growth// Modern Competition, (2014), №6 (48), с.61-93. Shirokova G., Bystrova Yu. Organizational changes in Russian new ventures as a factor of success // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 2, с. 60-99. Shirokova G., Bogatyreva K. Interrelationship of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Study of Russian SME s// Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 1, с. 3-27. Shirokova G., Tsukanova T., Bogatyreva K. Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS): National Report// Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, (2014), 48 с. Shirokova G., Bogatyreva K., Morris M. Expertise, University Infrustructure and Cognitive Logic : Assessing Students Who Start Ventures // Working Paper # 1 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, (2014), 26p. Manolova T., Shirokova G., Tsukanova T., Edelman L. The Impact of Family Support on Young Nascent Entrepreneurs’ Start-up Activities: a Family Embeddeness Perspective // Working Paper # 2 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, (2014), 40p. 17 Research Book 2014 Deutsche Bahn and Russian Railways Centre for International Logistics and Supply Chain Management» The objective of the Centre is education programs and research development in logistics and supply chain management area in order to improve the quality and competitiveness of international transport and logistics in European and Russian markets. Head of the working group of the Center researchers: Konstantin Krotov, Candidate of Sciences (Economics), Associate Professor, Department of Operations Management GSOM SPbU. Main Projects 2013 Contract Logistics in Russia. Project leader: Professor Richard Germain, researchers: Associate Professor Yury Fedotov, Associate Professor Konstantin Krotov, Senior Lecturer Andrey Zyatchin. Analysis of Russian Logistics Market. Project leader: Professor Yuriy Fedotov, researcher: Dmitry Zaitsev. Cases Development on International Logistics and Supply Chain Management on the basis of data from JSC “Russian Railways” and Deutsche Bahn Mobility Logistics AG. Researchers: Professor Vitaliy Cherenkov, Associate Professor Konstantin Krotov, Associate Professor Nikolay Zenkevich. Development of concept of higher and executive education in logistics and supply chain management under Federal State Educational Standard for Management and corporate requirements of JSC “Russian Railways”. Partners • Deutsche Bahn Mobility Logistics (Deutche Bahn, Germany) (www.bahn.de) • JSC “Russian Railways” (www.rzd.ru) • Petersburg State (www.pgups.ru) • EBS University of Business and Law (Germany) (www.ebs.edu) Transport Projects are sponsored by: 18 • JSC “Russian Railways” • Deutsche Bahn Mobility Logistics AG AG University Selected publications: Fugate B.S., Autry Ch.W., Davis-Sramek B., Germain R. Does Knowledge Management Facilitate Logistics-Based Differentiation? The Effect of Global Manufacturing Reach // International Journal of Production Economics, 2012, Vol. 139 (2), p. 496-509. Germain R., Davis-Sramek B., Lonial S., Raju P.S. The Impact of Relational Supplier Exchange on Financial Performance: A Study of the Hospital Sector // Journal of Business Logistics, 2011, Vol. 43 (3), p. 240–253. Germain R., Birou L., Christensen W. Applied Logistics Knowledge Impact on Financial Performance // International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 2011, Vol. 31 (8), p.816–834. Germain R., Meek W.R., Baucus M., Davis-Sramek B. Commitment in Franchising: The Role of Collaborative Communication and a Franchisee’s Propensity to Leave // Entrepreneurship, Theory & Practice, 2011, Vol. 35 (3), p. 559–581. Germain R., Krotov K.V., Fedotov Y.V. Outsourcing and Vertical Integration: Research Propositions from an Organizational Perspective // Russian Management Journal. 2011, Vol. 9 (2), p. 93–108. Germain R., Davis-Sramek B., Iyer K. Supply Chain Technology: The Role of Environment in Predicting Performance // Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2010, Vol. 38 (1), p. 42–55. Research Centers Centre for Strategic Marketing and Innovation The objective of the Center for Strategic Marketing and Innovations of GSOM SPbU is creation of competences in studying marketing and innovation theories and methodologies using advanced experience of Russian companies in the comparative studies and spreading new knowledge among Russian academics and the businesses. Director of the Center: Maria Smirnova, Candidate of Science (Economics), Associate Professor, Department of Marketing GSOM SPbU. Main projects 2014 Methodology of Interfim Cooperation on Creation and Commercialization of Innovations. Project leader: Professor Maria Smirnova. Researches: Assistant Professor Johanna Frösén, Assistant Professor Olga Alkanova, Doctoral Students Svetlana Khomich and Liubov Pakhomova. Main partners • Aalto University School of Business (www.biz.aalto.fi ) • Lappeenranta University of Technology (www.lut.fi) • Manchester Business School (www.mbs.ac.uk) • Business Ecosystem Research Group, School of Business and Management, Queen Mary University of London (www.busman.qmul.ac.uk) • University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Economics (www.ef.uni-lj.si) • Higher School of Economics, Marketing Department (www.hse.ru) Projects are sponsored by: • GSOM SPbU tuition revenues Selected publications: Jaakkola M.; Frösén J., Tikkanen, H. Various Forms of Value-Based Selling Capability Commentary on “Value-Based Selling: An Organizational Capability Perspective // Industrial Marketing Management, forthcoming. Smirnova M., Rebiazina V., Moreva I. Transforming Industry Landscape in Response to the Transition of the Economy – The Case of the Russian Bakery Industry // Tržište, 2014, 26 (1), p. 23-44. Alkanova O., Smirnova M. Marketing in Emerging Markets: Definitions and Research Agenda // Russian Management Journal, 2014, 12 (1), p. 95-108. Gladkikh I., Alkanova O. Case Writing and Case-based Teaching In the Russian Business Education // Russian Management Journal, 2014, 12 (2), p. 99-116. Khomich S. Intercompany Cooperation in Innovation: The Theoretical Foundations // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, 2014, 3, p.135-176 Rozhkov A., Rebiazina V., Smirnova, M. Customer Orientation: Results of the Empirical Test In the Russian Market // Russian Management Journal,2014, 12 (3), p. 33-58. Smirnova M., Podmetina D., Vaatanen J., Torkkeli M. Collaborative Approaches to New Product Development: Case of Russia // International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management, 2012, 15 (1/2), p. 91-107. Smirnova M., Naude P., Henneberg S., Mouzas S., Kushch S. The Impact of Market Orientation on the Development of Relational Capabilities and Performance Outcomes: The case of Russian industrial firms // Industrial Marketing Management, 2011, 40 (1), p. 44–53. Smirnova M., Henneberg S., Ashnai B., Naude P., Mouzas S. Understanding the Role of Marketing–Purchasing Collaboration in Industrial Markets: The case of Russia // Industrial Marketing Management, 2011, 40 (1), p. 54–64. Huhtala J.-P., Sihvonen A., Frösén J., Jaakkola M., Tikkanen H. Market orientation, innovation capability and business performance: Insights from the global financial crisis // Baltic Journal of Management, 2014, 9 (2), p. 134-152. 19 Research Book 2014 Center for Public Private Partnership Studies Mission of the Center is to create and disseminate knowledge about the implementation and efficient management of PPP projects, as well as provide a platform for interaction among public officials, business community and academics in the process of the implementation of PPP projects by integrating the competences of academics and professional experts Director of the Center: Svetlana Maslova, Candidate of Sciences (Law), Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration GSOM SPbU. Main Projects 2014 Implementation and Improvement of Risk Management Process in PPP Projects in Healthcare (The Case of the Perinatal Center Construction at St. Petersburg Maternity Hospital #17). Project leader: Associate Professor Svetlana V. Maslova, researcher: Associate Professor Andrew E. Ivanov. Research Project – Development of the Legal Framework for the Implementation of the PPP Project on Construction and Operation of the Transport Hub “Devyatkino”. Project leader: Associate Professor Svetlana V. Maslova, researcher: Associate Professor Andrew E. Ivanov. Research Project – Assessment of Legal Conditions of the PPP Project on Construction and Operation of Healthcare Infrastructure in “Slavyanka” Housing Estate in the Pushkin District of St. Petersburg. Project leader: Associate Professor Svetlana V. Maslova, researcher: Associate Professor Andrew E. Ivanov. Research Project – Elimination of Legal Constraints in the Process of PPP Project Implementation on Construction and Operation of Light Rail Transportation System “St. Petersburg – Vsevolozhsk”. Project leader: Associate Professor Svetlana V. Maslova, researcher: Associate Professor Andrew E. Ivanov. Industry Conference “PPP in Transport Sector: Ensuring Road Safety” (research on the topic and organization of the event jointly with JSC “NIIAT”). Project leader: Associate Professor Svetlana V. Maslova, researchers: Associate Professor Andrew E. Ivanov, Andrey O. Yushkov. 20 Selected Publications: Maslova S., Sokolov M. Public-Private Partnership Agreements: Conception and Content in Theory and in Practice // Vestnik (Herald) of St. Petersburg State University. Law Series, 2014, Issue 3, p. 126-144. Maslova S., Sokolov M. Trends and Perspectives of the Development of PPP Legislation in Russia // Journal of International Private Law, 2014, Issue 1, p. 23-59. Maslova S., Sokolov M. Public-Private Partnership: Case Studies from GSOM Case Collection // Graduate School of Management SPbU Publishing, 2014. Ivanov A. Modelling of Quasi-Corrupt Behavior in Public Procurement // Vestnik (Herald) of St. Petersburg State University. Management Series, 2014, Issue 3, p. 3-40. Ivanov A. Quasi-corruption in Public Procurement // “Corruption, Economic Growth and Globalization” (Routledge Studies in the Modern World Economy), 2014. Maslova S., Sokolov M. Risk Management in PPP Projects // Vestnik (Herald) of St. Petersburg State University. Management Series, 2013, Issue 4, p. 100-124. Ivanov A. Looking at the Picture: How to Compare Auction and Open Tender? // GOSZAKAZ: Management, Placement, Provision, 2013, Vol. 31, p. 106-113. Research Centers Center for the Study of Emerging Market and Russian Multinational Enterprises The objective of the Center position itself as a global leader for the study of Russian MNEs, and to bring together academics, practitioners and policy makers to deepen the understanding of the activities of these firms and their broader implications. Director: Lilac Nachum, Baruch College, City University New York Deputy Director: Andrei Panibratov, Professor, Strategic & International Management Department GSOM SPBU Activities of the Center • Origins and sources of competitive advantages of Russian MNEs • The role of local and foreign institutions in the internationalization of Russian firms • Internationalization of politically connected firms from Russia • Liability of foreignness of Russian firms • Global strategies of Russian MNEs • The competitive position of Russian MNEs in world markets and their impact on global competition • Russian MNEs in competition with emerging and developed country MNEs in Russia and globally Publications: Panibratov A., Latukha M. Foreign Expansion of Russian Firms Based on Natural Resources and Technology in M. Marinov and S. Marinova (eds.), Successes and Challenges of Emerging Economy Multinationals. Palgrave Macmillan: New York, (2014), p. 128-157. Panibratov, A. Classifying the Roles of Government in the Expansion of Russian MNEs, The European Financial Review, (2014), JuneJuly, p. 70-72. Panibratov A., Latukha M. Obtaining international results through partnerships: Evidence from Russian MNEs in the IT sector // Journal for East European Management Studies, (2014), Vol. 19, № 1, p. 31-57. Kalotay K., Panibratov A. Developing Competitive Advantages of Russian Multinationals through Foreign Acquisitions // The Competitive Advantage of Emerging Market Multinationals. — New York: Cambridge University Press, (2013), p. 220-238. Latukha M., Panibratov A. Is the Role of HRM Strategic in M&A Success? Exploring the involvement of HRM in a due diligence process // Journal of General Management, (2013), Vol. 39, № 1, p. 27-54. Panibratov A. Russian Multinationals: From Regional Supremacy to Global Lead. — London, New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, (2012), 226 p. Ardichvili A., Zavyalova E., Minina V. National Human Resource Development Strategies: comparing Brazil, Russia, India and China. — London Philadelphia New Delhi: KoganPage, (2012), p. 176-193. Ardichvili A., Zavyalova Y., Minina V. Human Capital Development: comparative analysis of BRICs // European Journal of Training and Development, (2012), Vol. 36, № 2/3, p. 213 – 233. Mihailova I., Panibratov A. Determinants of Internationalization Strategies of Emerging Market Firms: A multilevel approach // Journal of East-West Business, (2012), Vol. 18, № 2, p. 157-184. Zaheer S., Schomaker M., Nachum L. Distance without Direction: Restoring credibility to a muchloved construct. Commentary on Shenkar’s paper, the recipient of JIBS 2011 distinguished paper award // Journal of International Business Studies, (2012), Vol. 43, № 1, p. 1827. Panibratov, A., & Sergeeva, A. Foundations of international competitiveness for Russian MNEs in IT sector. //Herald of St-Petersburg University, Management, (2013) 4: p. 52-69. Veselova, A. Multinationals from emerging economies: Applicability of existing theories // Problems of Modern Economics, (2013) 4: p.144-147. Veselova, A. Strategy and organizational structure of the MNEs : the theoretical and practical aspects// Economy and modern management: theory and practice,(2013), p. 62-72 Latukha, M., & Tsukanova, T. Talented employees in Russian and foreign companies. Voprosy Economiki, (2013), 1: p. 147-156. 21 Research Book 2014 Case Development Center Development, dissemination and implementation in the educational process of case studies on Russian firms and international companies based in Russia is among the priority directions of scientific and teaching work at GSOM SPbU. Most of the cases developed at GSOM SPbU — both full-length and mini-cases — are based on field research. Currently GSOM SPbU is the largest center of Case Studies on business practices in Russia. GSOM SPbU is Russia’s first business school, which formed its own collection of case studies at The Case Centre (before July 07, 2013, known as European Case Clearing House) in English. As of December 31, 2014, GSOM SPbU case collection at The Case Centre consists of 216 registration units (131 cases and 83 teaching notes). At the moment GSOM SPbU cases are available for use in training programs anywhere in the world. They are ordered for use in teaching at universities in Europe, U.S., Asia and Africa. The collection of business case studies developed at GSOM SPbU in 1996–2014, consists of 252 cases, including 151 cases supported by teaching notes. 77 professors and 7 graduate students took part in case development. More than 50 case studies and teaching notes are being developed in conjunction with colleagues from other schools of business, i.e. Haas School of Business, University of California (Berkeley), University of Texas, Babson College, Helsinki School of Economics and other international business schools. By now eight collections of cases were published at GSOM SPbU, 97 cases in total (17 cases were published in 20032005, and 69 cases were published in collections of 2008– 2010, 7 cases in 2012 and 4 cases in 2014). Nearly 40 case studies and articles on the development of case-method were published in journals and periodicals in Russia. Five editions of guidelines for teachers of business disciplines on case study development were published at GSOM SPbU. 28 case studies and articles on case-method were published in leading international journals, covering the use of case-method. In 2007 GSOM SPbU became the founder of the project “Russian Case Studies Center” (www.case-center.ru). It is a digital library of case studies for use in business education programs at various levels. The Electronic Library includes case studies in Russian, developed in Russia. The project aims at supporting business education teachers by expanding access to teaching materials created by the authors in different universities and educational centers in Russia, as well as the ones published in professional journals. Project Leader: Igor Gladkikh, Associate Professor, Marketing Department GSOM SPbU. Collected Books of GSOM SPbU Cases 1) Public-Private Partnership: GSOM Case Collection // Edited by S.V. Maslova. – SPb.: SPbSU GSOM. 2014. – 56 p. 2) Cross-border Strategy and Operations: Finnish Companies in Russia. A Collection of Cases // Edited by A.G. Medvedev, M.O. Latukha. – SPb.: SPbSU GSOM. 2012. – 196 p. 3) Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management: GSOM SPbSU Case Collection / Edited by I.V. Gladkikh, V.N. Minina; Graduate School of Management SPbSU. St.Petersburg: Graduate School of Management Publishing, 2010. – 440 p. 4) Organizational Development: GSOM SPbSU Case Collection / Edited by I.V. Gladkikh; Graduate School of Management SPbSU. St.Petersburg: Graduate School of Management Publishing, 2009. – 456 p. 22 5) Marketing / Edited by I.V. Gladkikh; Graduate School of Management SPbSU. St.Petersburg: Graduate School of Management Publishing, 2008. – 340 p. 6) Collected Book of Cases: Change of External Environment and Companies’ Development / Edited by I.V. Gladkikh, Yu.V. Fedotov; St.Petersburg: St.Petersburg State University Publishing, 2004. – 264 p. 7) Strategic Management at Russian Companies: Collected Cases / Edited by I.V. Gladkikh, V.S. Katkalo; S.P. Kushch; St.Petersburg: St.Petersburg State University Publishing, 2004. – 248 p. 8) Collected Book of Cases: Cases of Russian Companies (Northwestern Region) / Edited by S.P. Kushch; St.Petersburg: St.Petersburg State University Publishing, 2003. – 232 p. Research Centers Collected Books of Cases Developed with GSOM SPbU Participation • CSR Instruments Usage for Successful Business Development: Business Cases Colletion / Edited by. S.E. Litovchenko. — Moscow: Association of Russian Managemers, 2011. – 152 p. (consultant — I.V. Gladkikh, Director of Case Development Centre of GSOM SPbU). Fig. 5. Geographical Distribution of Organizations Using Case Studies, Developed by GSOM SPbU Faculty 23 Research Book 2014 Doctoral Thesis In 2014 The Dissertation Council D 212.232.69, founded on the basis of Saint-Petersburg State University, held one dissertation defense for nomination of Candidate degree in Economic Sciences (1st Doctoral Degree) in specialization 08.00.05 – Economics and Management of National Economy (Management). •Specification of “knowledge sharing process” notion on the basis of analysis and systematization of approaches to its definition; Candidate: Sergeeva Anastasia, Organization Behavior and Human Resources Management Department SPbU •Development of theoretical model substantiating the choice of major groups of organizational, managerial and individual factors, influencing personnel behavior in knowledge sharing, and formulating research hypotheses about relationships between factors; “Influence of Organizational and Managerial Factors on Knowledge Sharing Processes in Organization: the Case of Secondary Schools” Scientific Advisor: Andreeva Tatiana, Candidate of Science (Economics), Associate Professor of Organizational Behavior and Human Resources Management Department SPbU. The aim of the research is to develop theoretical model of knowledge sharing management and evaluate the influence of organizational and managerial factors on the processes of knowledge sharing in secondary schools. In the dissertation the author implements a number of relevant tasks, in particular: •Identification of knowledge sharing processes role in theory and practice of knowledge management on the level of the organization, analysis of knowledge sharing role in organizational performance improvement; 24 •Systematization of factors influencing knowledge sharing; •Identification of specificities in knowledge sharing processes in secondary schools on the basis of the analysis of managerial practices implemented in schools; •Empirical testing of developed theoretical model with the data from secondary schools. The opponents on the dissertation are Vladimir V. Platonov, Doctor of Science (Economics), Professor of Enterprise Economics and Management Department, Saint-Petersburg State Economic University, and Maria A. Molodchik, Candidate of Science (Economics), Associate Professor of Financial Management Department, Perm Branch of National Research University “Higher School of Economics”. Leading organization on the dissertation is Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of Russian Federation. Research Conferences and Seminars Organized by SPbU Research Conferences and Seminars Organized by SPbU Annual Conferences International Conference on Game Theory and Management, GTM 2014 III GTM Conference (June 24–26, 2009) • Professor R. Selten (Germany), Nobel laureate in economics, 1994 • Professor P. Bernhard (France) • Professor M. Wooders (USA) • Professor D. A. Novikov (Russia) IV GTM Conference (June 28–30, 2010) • Professor A. Haurie (Switzerland) • Professor R. T. Rockafellar (USA) • Professor H. Moulin (USA) • Professor A. Kryazhimskiy (Russia) The conference has been held since 2007 in collaboration with Faculty of Applied Mathematics & Control Processes of St. Petersburg University and the International Society of Dynamic Games (ISDG, Russian Chapter). 80–90 leading researchers, 50% of whom are foreign ones, take part in the conference every. Key Conference Presentations in 2007–2014: I GTM Conference (June 28–29, 2007) • Professor R. Aumann (Israel), Nobel laureate in economics, 2005 • Professor G. Zaccour (Canada) • Professor S. Hart (Israel) II GTM Conference (June 26–27, 2008) • • • • • Professor J. F. Nash (USA) Professor T. Basar (USA) Professor G. J. Olsder (the Netherlands) Professor L. A. Petrosyan (Russia) Professor D. W.K. Yeung (Hong-Kong) V GTM Conference (June 27–29, 2011) • Professor R. Myerson (USA), Nobel laureate in economics, 2007 • Professor J. Weibull (Sweden) • Professor Sh. Zamir (Israel) • Professor V. Mazalov (Russia) VI GTM Conference (June 27–29, 2012) • Professor S. Aseev (Russia) • Professor M. Breton (Canada) • Professor E. Kalai (USA) • Professor S. Sorin (France) • Professor J. Hofbauer (Austria) VII GTM Conference (June 26-28, 2013) • Professor F. Kydland (USA), Nobel laureate in economics, 2004 • Professor B. Monien (Germany) • Professor B. De Meyer (France) • Professor L. Petrosyan (Russia) VIII GTM Conference (June 25-27, 2014) • Professor G. Owen (USA) • Professor S. Jorgensen (Denmark) • Professor A. Neyman (Israel) • Professor F. Aleskerov (Russia) 25 Research Book 2014 GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives The conference has been held since 2014. Tradition of holding international research events developed a long time. In 19952010. a series of international research conferences was held first joint projects of St. Petersburg and Stockholm University CPAS and SPIDER-Public Economics, and then, in partnership with Association for Studies in Public Economics (ASPE). Conference on “GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives” was held to continue XV conference «Public Sector Transition», dedicated to the discussion of the key issues of public administration and social sphere development. More than 250 participants took part in the conference representing 46 leading universities from Western, Central and Eastern Europe, Brazil, Russia, India, China, the USA and other countries. Representatives of business community, corporate educational institutions, and members of the Administration of St. Petersburg took part in the conference sessions and round tables. Members of the Conference Program Committee and Conference papers’ reviewers were leading researchers. The conference was devoted to current trends in management and public administration in emerging economies. The papers were presented during the tracks on Entrepreneurship, Corporate Governance, Information Management and Knowledge Management, Human Resource Management, Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Marketing in Emerging Economies, International Business, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Strategic Finance. As part of sub-conference “Public Sector Transition” the participants discussed topics of Economic Policy in Emerging Market Economies Economies and Public Economics, Public Management, Public Procurement and Anti-Corruption Policy and Public Economics, Public Management, Public Procurement and Anti-Corruption Policy. 26 Key Conference Presentations: • Professor Gorjestani N. (Hong Kong) • Professor Puffer Sh. (USA) • Professor Delmar F. (Sweden) • Professor Marinov M. (Great Britain) • Professor Marinova S. (Denmark) • Professor Schuh A. (Austria) • Professor Manolova T. (USA) • Professor Hilmola O.-P. (Finland) • Professor Shastitko А. (Russia) • Professor Semenov А. (Canada) Several round tables were held as part of the conference. • Round table “Cases in Russian Business Education“ was held on October 16, 2014. Participants representing 8 Russian regions shared their experience in using cases in education. Speakers of the round table discussed the most important obstacles to the development of case-method and identified possible ways to overcome them. • Round table “Smart Cities in Russia – Influence on the Future Lifestyle“ was held on October 17, 2014. Keynote Speakers Hans Christian Christiansen, Senior Adviser, City of Copenhagen, Greg Prickril, Director Product Innovation, IPERF, Igor Baranov, Deputy Director, St. Petersburg University, GSOM presented their visions. The discussion brought together a large number of conference participants and showed a high level of interest. • Round table on “Projects of Public Private Partnership in Health Care“ was held on October 17, 2014. Keynote speaker of the round table was Vice-governor of St. Petersburg Olga Kazanskaya, who is responsible for issues of social and demographic policy in St. Petersburg, social protection, health, sanitary and epidemiological safety of the population. Concluding event of the conference was XIX Annual Pashkus Readings. Plenary session “Russian Multinationals: From Regional Supremacy to Global Lead” was held by Andrei Yu. Panibratov, Professor, Strategic and International Management Department, GSOM SPbU. Marin Marinov, professor, School of Business & Management University of Gloucestershire, United Kingdom was an opponent. Research Conferences and Seminars Organized by SPbU Table 5. Conferences Organized by GSOM SPbU in 2008-2014 Conference Name Industry Conference “PPP in the Transport Sector: Ensuring Road Safety” GSOM Emerging Markets Conference: Business and Government Perspectives International Conference on Game Theory and Management GTM 2014 Conference Dates December 14, 2014 October 16-17, 2014 July 25-27, 2014 Logistics Business Breakfast “Logistics Effectiveness: Providers and Customers Perspectives” March 5, 2014 XVIII Annual Dean Pashkus Readings November 15, 2013 XV International Research Conference “Public Sector Transition” November 8–9, 2013 International Regional Research Conference of European Marketing Academy (EMAC Regional 2013) “Marketing Theory Challenges in Emerging Societies” September 25– 27, 2013 VII International Conference on Game Theory and Management June 26–28, 2013 International Conference “Current Issues of Research and Training of Highly Qualified Staff in the Field of Logistics and Supply Chain Management (Doctoral, MBA and Executive Education Programs)” January 29, 2013 International Conference “Mathematics, Economics, and Management: the Centenary of L.V.Kantorovich” VI International Conference on Game Theory and Management February 7–9, 2012 June 27–29, 2012 Conference “Strategies for Russian and International MNCs Following Russia’s Accession to the WTO” October 4, 2012 International Research Conference “Dynamic Capabilities, and the Sustainable Competitiveness of Firms and Nations” October 11, 2012 XIV International Conference “Public Sector Transition” November 9-10, 2012 XVII Annual Dean Pashkus Readings November 29, 2012 XII International Conference “Public Sector Transition: Innovation Prospects” March 11–12, 2011 V International Conference on Game Theory and Management June 27–29, 2011 International Conference “Foreign Investment, Global Strategies and Leadership” October 13, 2011 Round table “Ontological modeling of organizations and industries” (with ITMO National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics) November 09, 2011 XIII International Conference “Public Sector Transition” November 11– 12, 2011 XVI Annual Dean Pashkus Readings December 09, 2011 International Conference “Research and Education in Logistics and Supply Chain Management” December 14– 16, 2011 27 Research Book 2014 Conference Name Conference Dates XI International Conference “Public Sector Transition: Management in Turbulent Times” March 5–6, 2010 IV International Conference on Game Theory and Management June 28–30, 2010 9th Annual Colloquium of EABIS – The Academy of Business in Society September 20– 22, 2010 VIII Doctoral Colloquium of EABIS September 20– 22, 2010 EEC and EECPCL EFER Alumni Roundtable October 10–12, 2010 Conference on Current Issues of Logistics and Supply Chain Management ”Transport and Logistics” October 22, 2010 XV Annual Dean Pashkus Readings October 29, 2010 III International Conference on Game Theory and Management June 24–26, 2009 Round table ”Insurance Companies and Medical Institutions - Cooperation for the Benefits of Consumers” September 30, 2009 XIV Annual Dean Pashkus Readings October 30, 2009 The Petersburg Dialogue’s seminar “Education and Research in Logistics and Supply November 24– Chain management: Perspectives for Russian-German cooperation” 25, 2009 International Research Conference “Teaching and Research in Marketing: Challenges of the XXI Century” April 24–25, 2008 The 2nd ISRICH Conference “Innovation and Change in Health Care Systems” May 8–9, 2008 II International Conference on Game Theory and Management June 26–27, 2008 III Summer School of Russian Journal of Management July 7–18, 2008 Round table “St.Petersburg Real Sector Threats and Opportunities” October 09, 2008 XIII Annual Dean Pashkus Readings October 17, 2008 X International Conference “Public Sector Transition: Improving Service Delivery” October 31 – November 1, 2008 Symposium on Entrepreneurship for Professors and Entrepreneurs November 2–6, 2008 Workshop “Entrepreneurship in Russia: Main Trends in Entrepreneurial Research” December 6, 2008 28 Academic Journals Published in SPbU Academic Journals Published in SPbU The Russian Management Journal All Russian academic journal in the field of general and strategic management was established in 2003 by Saint Petersburg State University on the initiative of the Graduate School of Management SPbU. The RMJ is published in Russian quarterly (4 issues per year). RMJ is included in the top RSCI list (first 5) of impact factors of economics and administration journals and holds the 1st place in RSCI list of impact factors of managerial journals (IF = 1.819 on 01.12.2014). RMJ’s International Academic Advisory Board represents the leading researchers from the top scientific and training centers in the field of management in Russia, including Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, National Research University – Higher School of Economics (Moscow), Central Economics & Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as well as the prominent scientists from the international leading universities and business schools such as Harvard, Stanford and Warton Business Shcools, University of California (Berkley and Los Angeles), INSEAD, Copenhagen Business School, etc. Editors-in-Chief • Dementiev Viktor E., Central Economics & Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences • Filonovich Sergey R., Graduate School of Management, National Research University «Higher School of Economics» • Ivanov Dmitry A., Berlin School of Economics and Law, Germany • Kachalov Roman М., Central Economics & Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences • Khovanov Nikolai V., Faculty of Economics, St. Petersburg State University • Muravyev Alexander A., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University; Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA), Germany • Smirnov Marat V., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University; Managing Editor • Smirnova Мaria М., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University • Tambovtsev Vitaly L., Faculty of Economics, Moscow State University • Bukhvalov Alexander V., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University, Russia • Tretyak Olga А., National Research University «Higher School of Economics» • Teece David J., Professor, University of California (Berkeley), USA • Yakovlev Andrey А., Institute of Companies and Markets Analysis, National Research University «Higher School of Economics» Editorial board: • Kleiner George B., Central Economics & Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Editor • Yudanov Andrey Yu., Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Russia • Zavyalova Elena K., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University • Blagov Yury Е., Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University 29 Research Book 2014 Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series The journal Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series has been published by the Graduate School of Management since 2002. The journal Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series comes out four times a year. As of Deсember 2014 the journal is included in the top RSCI list (first 5) of impact factors among university journals with the Vestnik (Herald) title in Economics and Economic Sciences and holds the 1st place among all Vestnik Series of St. Petersburg University (IF = 0.471). The journal Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series is included into the Abstract journal and Data Bases of All-Russian Scientific and Technical Information Institute of the Russian Academy of Science. Information about the journal is published in Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory. The principal aim of the scientific journal is to contribute to education and research in the sphere of management at Russian universities and business schools. The journal publishes materials based on theoretical and empirical research in: contemporary issues of general and strategic management, classics of management theory (translations from Harvard Business Review, Strategic Management Journal, etc.), case studies, overview materials of market and industries, a review of published books, information on trends and issues of business education development in Russia and abroad. Editor-in-Сhief • Drozdova Natalia P., Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration GSOM SPbU 30 Editorial board: • Gladkikh Igor V., Associate Professor, Department of Marketing, SPbU; Associate Editor • Zenkevich Nikolai A., Associate Professor; Department of Operations Management, SPbU; Associate Editor • Berezinets Irina V., Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Accounting, SPbU • Blagov Yury E., Associate Professor, Department of Strategic and International Management, SPbU • Ilina Yulia B., Associate Professor, Department of Finance and Accounting, SPbU • Raskov Nikolay V., Professor, Department of Strategic and International Management, SPbU • Ruzhanskaya Ludmila S., Professor; Director of the Department of Management, Graduate School of Economics and Management, Ural Federal University • Sheresheva Marina Yu., Professor, Faculty of Economics, Moscow State University • Volchik Vyacheslav V., Professor, Department of Economic Theory, Faculty of Economics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don • Weber Shlomo, Professor, Robert H. and Nancy Dedman Trustee Professor of Economics, Texas • Zavyalova Elena K., Professor; Head, Department of Organizational Behavior and HR Management, SPbU • Zubanov N.V., Professor, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute of Goethe, Frankfurt Faculty Publications Faculty Publications International Peer-Reviewed Journals International Peer-Reviewed Journals of ABS list Category A Andreeva T., Festing M., Minbaeva D., Muratbekova-Touron M. The Janus Faces of IHRM in Russian MNEs // Human Resource Management, (2014), Vol. 53(6), p. 967–986. This article analyzes variations in the international human resource management (IHRM) approaches of Russian multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the contexts of developed and developing countries. The data were gathered through interviews conducted at the headquarters of Russian MNEs and at their subsidiaries in developed and developing countries. The results indicate that Russian MNEs adopt HRM practices of Western origin. However, these MNEs differ radically in their choices of IHRM approaches. Many of these differences depend on the countries these MNEs target in their international expansion. In developing countries that belong to Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS, regional block of countries that were former Soviet republics), the IHRM approaches adopted by Russian MNEs typically reflect a feeling of superiority. However, in developed countries and in nonCIS developing countries, Russian MNEs actively promote a mix of global best practices and local HRM practices. We do not find any instances of the reverse transfer of management practices from subsidiaries in developed countries to the MNEs’ headquarters or any examples of cross-pollination among subsidiaries. Bertrand O., Lumineau F., Fedorova E. The Supportive Factors of Firms’ Collusive Behavior: Empirical Evidence from Cartels in the European Union // Organization Studies, (2014), Vol. 35(6), p. 881-908. While cartels can be highly detrimental to society and create important economic and social costs for different stakeholders, the literature on organization studies has focused very little on cartels to date. In particular, we still do not know much about firms’ reasons for taking part in cartels. In this study, we build on the rational choice perspective in organizational misconduct to investigate the conditions supporting firms’ collusive behavior. We organize our theoretical arguments around the factors related to motivation and opportunity. Using a sample of cartels in the European Union, our empirical analysis gives evidence for our main arguments: the propensity to participate to a cartel is supported not only by the characteristics of the firm, but also by internal factors interacting with the attributes of the environment in which the firm is embedded. Implications for firms and policy makers are discussed. Shirokova G., Vega G., Kozyreva T. Dipaul, Inc.: Transitioning in Measured Steps // Entrepreneurship Theory and (Case) Practice, (2014), Vol. 38(2), p. 427-444. This case takes place in Russia in 2008, not quite 20 years into the post-Soviet developing economy. DiPaul was an authorized dealer of electronic instruments, equipment, and materials for the production and assembly of printed circuit boards as well as soldering equipment. Its core business was supplying measurement instruments and process equipment. In the summer of 2008, the chief executive officer, who was also the majority stockholder, decided to reassign authority in a formal organizational transition so that he could become more engaged in policy and leadership of the Association of Russian Producers of Electronic Appliances and Instruments. The protagonist’s concerns were as follows: How to carry out such a management transition? Who among the top management team could fit the position best? How must the organizational structure of the company be changed to accommodate the shift in leadership? And importantly, what should his own future role be? 31 Research Book 2014 Category B Latukha M. Talent Management in Russian Companies: domestic challenges and international experience// International Journal of Human Resource, (2014), published online. The study investigates talent management practices in Russian and foreign companies and their influence on a company’s performance. In our work, foreign companies are foreign-owned companies (multinational or global) that operate in the Russian market and their headquarters are located outside the Russian Federation. Attention is paid to the analysis of the factors that support talent management implementation. As the results of the research are based on a comparative analysis of differences and peculiarities in talent practices in Russian and foreign companies, the paper explores and provides a number of ideas and conclusions about talent management elaboration, realization and talent practices improvement in the Russian context. Our data show that talent management practices are influenced by a number of factors that are different, in parts, in Russian and foreign companies. Supplementary analysis also suggests that the positive connection between talent management efforts and a company’s performance can be found. Muravyev A., Berezinets I., Ilina Y. The Structure of Corporate Boards and Private Benefits of Control: Evidence from the Russian stock exchange // International Review of Financial Analysis, (2014), Vol. 34, p. 247–261. This paper revisits the role of board size and composition in corporate governance, employing a measure of private benefits of control (PBC) as an indicator of governance problems in firms. We calculate PBC using the voting premium approach for a sample of dual class stock companies traded on the Russian stock exchange between 1998 and 2009. Using fixed-effects regressions, we find a quadratic relationship between PBC and board size, implying the optimality of medium-sized (about 11 directors) supervisory boards. This result is substantially stronger for PBC than traditional measures of corporate performance. There is also some evidence that director ownership helps to mitigate governance problems. Most remarkably, we find that non-executive/independent directors are associated with larger PBC 32 and thus do not seem to help improve corporate governance. In contrast, regressions with accounting performance measures as dependent variables tend to suggest a positive role of these directors in corporate governance. Muravyev A., Talavera O., Weir C. Performance Effects of Appointing Other Firms’ Executive Directors to Corporate Boards: an analysis of UK firms // Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, (2014), published online. This paper studies the effect on company performance of appointing non-executive directors that are also executive directors in other firms. The analysis is based on a new panel dataset of UK companies over 2002-2008. Our findings suggest a positive relationship between the presence of these non-executive directors and the accounting performance of the appointing companies. The effect is stronger if these directors are executive directors in firms that are performing well. We also find a positive effect when these non-executive directors are members of the audit committee. Overall, our results are broadly consistent with the view that non-executive directors that are executives in other firms contribute to both the monitoring and advisory functions of corporate boards. Category C Muravyev, A. Evolution of Regulation of Labor in the USSR, CIS and Baltic States // Europe-Asia Studies, (2014), Vol. 66(8), p. 1270-1294. This article is a first systematic study of employment protection legislation in the 15 successor states of the USSR over the last two and a half decades. The analysis is based on new and unique data assembled using OECD methodology. We find that the dynamics of employment protection in the region resemble an inverted U-shaped pattern with the peak of labour market rigidity occurring in the mid-1990s in CIS countries and a decade later in the Baltic states. By now, the former Soviet states as a group are similar to the EU-15 and OECD countries in terms of the overall employment protection legislation index, although they differ in terms of contributions to the overall employment protection legislation of its three major components, namely, regulation of permanent contracts, temporary contracts and collective dismissals. Faculty Publications Category D Gavrilova T., Leshcheva I., Strakhovich E. Gestalt principles of creating learning business ontologies for knowledge codification // Knowledge Management Research & Practice, (2014), published online. This paper presents an approach aimed at creating business ontologies for knowledge codification in company. It is based on the principles of ontological engineering and cognitive psychology. Ontologies that describe the main concepts of knowledge are used both for knowledge creation and codification. The proposed framework is targeted at the development of methodologies that can scaffold the process of knowledge structuring and orchestrating for better understanding and knowledge sharing. The orchestrating procedure is the kernel of ontology development. The main stress is put on using visual techniques of mind mapping. Cognitive bias and some results of Gestalt psychology are highlighted as a general guideline. The ideas of balance, clarity, and beauty are applied to the ontology orchestrating procedures. The examples are taken mainly from the project management practice. The paper contributes to managerial practice by describing the practical recommendations for effective knowledge management based on ontology engineering and knowledge structuring techniques. Kianto A., Andreeva T. Knowledge Management Practices and Results in Serviceversus Product-oriented Companies – What’s the Difference? // Knowledge and Process Management, (2014), 21(4), 221-230. As service companies increasingly occupy a significant place as drivers of economic growth, there is a pressing need to understand their peculiarities in order to facilitate their effective management and governance. One important area where this kind of understanding is lacking is knowledge management (KM). Although KM has become a key value driver for all types of organizations, there has been a lack of systematic research into whether there are some fundamental differences between the nature of KM in service-oriented versus product-oriented companies. To address this gap in the existing knowledge, this paper examines the main differences between the KM practices and benefits produced by KM in service-oriented versus product-oriented companies. Empirical evidence is collected from 171 companies in Finland, China, and Russia and ana- lyzed statistically. The results demonstrate that there are significant differences between service-oriented and product-oriented companies in time savings achieved through the application of KM and also on the impact of KM practices on KM benefits. Panibratov A., Latukha M. Obtaining International Results through Partnerships: evidence from Russian MNEs in the IT sector // Journal of East European Management Studies, (2014), Vol. 19(1), p. 31–57. The paper discusses the internationalisation specifics and results of Russian MNEs in the IT sector. The strategies of these firms are focused more on the acquisition of customers than of technologies when expanding abroad. As the technological sophistication of Russian companies and foreign firms in the high-tech sector is about equal (if compared to natural resource-based enterprises), our findings indicate that partnership-oriented strategy provides Russian firms with a better chance of obtaining positive results when expanding abroad. IT companies from Russia are relatively less influenced by their home government, being shaped more by economic than political factors in their international expansion Hence, we argue that they seem to be more marketing-oriented in their international expansion than their natural resource-based counterparts. Shirokova G., Berezinets I., Shatalov A. Organizational Change and Firm Growth in Emerging Economies // Journal of East European Management Studies, (2014), Vol. 19(2), p. 185–213. This paper examines how various types of organizational change influence a firm’s growth in the short/medium term and long term within emerging economies. We classify organizational change on two dimensions: the scale of change and the duration of change. The proposed hypotheses were tested on a sample of 1446 companies from 28 emerging economies. The results of our analysis suggest that rapid realignment and rapid transformation is more likely to have stronger impact on the firm growth in the short/medium-term, but a weaker impact in the long-term for emerging market firms. Significant evidence on the impact of slow realignment and slow transformation on a firm growth could not be obtained. 33 Research Book 2014 Other International Peer-Reviewed Journals Gavrilova T., Alsufyev A., Yanson A.-S. Transforming Canvas Model: Map versus Table // International Journal of Knowledge, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, (2014), Vol. 2(2), p. 51-65. The paper provides a new framework for visualizing business models, guided by well-shaped visualization based on hypergraph technology, specifically, mind mapping. Our approach presents the future evolution of Ostervalder‘s ideas. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework we conducted a pilot study involving an experiment with 22 experienced top-managers of Russian companies and examined their perception of three business models description approaches involving linear text, Canvas business model by Alexander, and business model mind mapping template. Results reveal that the developed mind mapping visualization framework can be considered as cognitive scaffolds and is positively associated with improved perception and understanding of the business model by managers allowing them to communicate, share and manipulate business model knowledge easily. Huhtala J.-P., Sihvonen A., Frösén J., Jaakkola M., Tikkanen H. Market orientation, innovation capability and business performance. Insights from the global financial crisis // Baltic Journal of Management, (2014), Vol. 9(2), p. 134-152. The paper aims to examine the role of market orientation (MO) and innovation capability in determining business performance during an economic upturn and downturn. The data comprise two national-level surveys conducted in Finland in 2008, representing an economic boom, and in 2010 when the global economic crisis had hit the Finnish market. Partial least square path analysis is used to test the potential mediating effect of innovation capability on the relationship between MO and business performance during economic boom and bust. The results show that innovation capability fully mediates the performance effects of a MO during an economic upturn, whereas the mediation is only partial during a downturn. Innovation capability also mediates the relationship between a customer orientation and business performance during an upturn, whereas the mediating effect culminates in a competitor orientation during a downturn. Thus, the role of innovation capability as a mediator between the individual market-orientation components varies along the business cycle. 34 This paper is one of the first studies that empirically examine the impact of the economic cycle on the relationship between strategic marketing concepts, such as MO or innovation capability, and the firm’s business performance. Rozhkov A.G. Personal Level Customer Orientation in Russian Direct Selling Market // TRŽIŠTE / MARKET, (2014), Vol. 26(1), p. 7-22 In the modern world the importance of customer orientation cannot be underestimated. It hugely impacts the overall business performance, as well as separate areas of business-customer interaction. In this paper, we examine the role of personal level relations and customer orientation in the direct selling industry in the Russian market. Based on a sample of over 6000 participants in 74 regions of Russia, we develop a model revealing the factors that define the level of customer orientation in personal level interactions. Smirnova M., Rebiazina V., Moreva I. Transforming industry landscape in response to the transition of the economy – The case of the Russian bakery industry // TRŽIŠTE / MARKET, (2014), Vol. 26(1), p. 23-44. Numerous emerging markets have undergone or are still undergoing substantial transition processes. The aim of this paper is to provide, on the example of the Russian bakery industry, a deeper understanding of and a longitudinal perspective on how the transition process and institutional changes in the economy are reflected in the evolution of an industry. The changes at the industry level have been driven not only by the economic transition, but also by strategic choices of market players. These choices are linked to the intensity and nature of the intra-industry rivalry and finding a new balance of cooperation and competition in the industry. The study aims to contribute to the literature by providing a rich contextual understanding of the industry evolution over the transition period. We apply classic industry analysis to investigating the key driving forces of competition. On the other hand, we focus on the manner in which industry players select a governance mechanism, replacing the previous centrally planned system. The findings of the study demonstrate persistent heterogeneity within the selected industry, resulting in substantial differences in the nature and the process of industry evolution. Faculty Publications Yablonsky S. E-finance innovation services in Russia // International Journal of Business Innovation and Research, (2014), Vol. 8(5), p.523-551. This paper aims to collect and analyse the quality data regarding the current status and prospective evolution of e-finance services offered by Russia’s leading e-business and banking companies. We describe the e-finance MSPs services across different markets in a general way and the e-finance innovation services in particular. The analysis proposes classification and examination of the current status of e-finance services and possible ways of further evolution of e-finance technology and services both for the companies and their customers in Russia. Zenkevich N.A., Zyatchin A.V. Strong Equilibria in the Vehicle Routing Game // International Game Theory Review, (2014), Vol. 16(4). This paper introduces an extension of the vehicle routing problem by including several distributors in competition. Each customer is characterized by demand and a wholesale price. Under this scenario a solution may have unserviced customers and elementary routes with no customer visits. The problem is described as a vehicle routing game (VRG) with coordinated strategies. We provide a computable procedure to calculate a strong equilibrium (SE) in the VRG that is stable against deviations from any coalition. Following this procedure, we solve iteratively optimization subproblems for a single distributor, reducing the set of unserviced customers at each iteration. We prove that strong equilibria of one type exist for a VRG, and we provide conditions for another type to exist. We also introduce a semi-cooperative SE that helps reduce a set of strong equilibria in the VRG. Our methodology is suited for parallel computing, and could be efficiently applied to routing vehicles with a few compartments. It also calculates a numerical example for a three person VRG with six cars and twelve customers. 35 Research Book 2014 Other International Peer-Reviewed Journals Archavski V., Okulov V., Smirnova A. Newsvendor Problem Experiments: Riskiness of the Decisions and Learning by Experience // International Journal of Business and Social Research, (2014), Vol. 4(5), p.137150. The paper aims to examine the role of market orientation (MO) and innovation capability in determining business performance during an economic upturn and downturn. The data comprise two national-level surveys conducted in Finland in 2008, representing an economic boom, and in 2010 when the global economic crisis had hit the Finnish market. Partial least square path analysis is used to test the potential mediating effect of innovation capability on the relationship between MO and business performance during economic boom and bust. The results show that innovation capability fully mediates the performance effects of a MO during an economic upturn, whereas the mediation is only partial during a downturn. Innovation capability also mediates the relationship between customer orientation and business performance during an upturn, whereas the mediating effect culminates in a competitor orientation during a downturn. Thus, the role of innovation capability as a mediator between the individual market-orientation components varies along the business cycle. This paper is one of the first studies that empirically examine the impact of the economic cycle on the relationship between strategic marketing concepts, such as MO or innovation capability, and the firm’s business performance. Berezinets I., Ilina Y., Alekseeva L. Dividends on Common and Preferred Shares: the Relationship with the Ownership Concentration in Russian Public Companies // Journal of Economic and Social Development, 2014, Vol. 1(2), p. 48-59. This paper investigates the relationship between the dividend policy and ownership structure in Russian public companies. A study of the link between dividends and ownership concentration is based on the sample of public companies with dual class share structure. These shares were traded on the Russian Trading System (RTS) in the period of 2003-2009. The authors explore a broad range of factors related to the 36 ownership concentration. This study allows making conclusions on the impact of the ownership concentration on the dividend policy. Moreover, there is evidence that this impact differs for the dividends on ordinary and preferred shares. Fleixanet J. Innovation and Internalization: Relationship and Implications for Management and Public Policy // International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, (2014), 2(2), p. 5775. Innovation and internationalization are two basic growth strategies which contend for both the firms’ and governments resources. At the same time, they are linked by a two-way relationship that has been widely documented in previous studies. How ever, often preceding literature is disconnected and does not integrate innovation and export promotion studies into the analysis. In this article we review and synthesize the different approaches regarding these relationships, while considering also the research on the impact of export promotion programs. As a result, a list of recommendations is deduced both for management and public policy regarding the development of these two strategies. Garanina T., Ladyzhenko Y. Factors Influencing CEO Compensation in US Telecommunication Industry // International Journal of Finance and Banking, (2014), Vol. 1(1), p. 1-12. The objective of this paper is to define the relationship between a set of factors and CEO compensation that will enable companies to imply better corporate governance practices in their management process. Developed econometric model is tested on the data of US telecom companies for the period 2004-2012. The study revealed that CEO compensation is strongly and positively related to revenue and earnings per share of the company, and unrelated to return on net assets and market value added. These results enable companies to use CEO compensation system as an effective mechanism to eliminate agency problem and, consequently, agency costs. The main directions for further research in this field are outlined. Faculty Publications Gavrilova T., Gladkova M. Big Data Structuring: The Role of Visual Models and Ontologies // Procedia Computer Science, (2014), Vol. 31, p. 336-343. Panibratov A. Classifying the Roles of Government in the Expansion of Russian MNEs // The European Financial Review, (2014), published online. This paper presents a novel approach aimed at analyzing the leading role of the visual structuring strategies of Big Data based on the principles of ontological engineering and cognitive psychology. It is targeted at the development of methodology scaffolding the process of data structuring for the better vision and understanding of huge amounts of business information. The structuring procedure is the kernel of any data model design and development. Ontologies that describe the main concepts of exemplary domains are used both for deeper comprehension and better information sharing. The main stress is put on using visual techniques of mind-mapping that serve as a powerful mind tool. Cognitive bias and some results of Gestalt psychology are highlighted. The ideas of balance, clarity, and beauty are applied to the ontology design and refinement procedures. State influence is crucial for the international operations of Russian firms, with government involvement varying among industries and companies. One extreme is full financial support and trade protection, while the other is restriction, or too strict regulation. In this article, Andrei Panibratov of St. Petersburg State University reflects on how the government influences Russian multinational enterprises, and what roles it plays in their foreign expansion. Mitra P., Muravyev A., Schaffer M. Labor Reallocation and Firm Growth: Benchmarking transition countries against mature market economies // IZA journal of labor and development, (2014), Vol. 3. This paper uses firm-level survey data to study labor reallocation and firm growth in the transition countries over 1996– 2005, including benchmarking against developed market economies. The data shows rapid growth of the new private sector and of the micro- and small-firm sectors, with the size distribution of firms moving towards the pattern observed in comparable surveys of developed market economies. Throughout, the regional patterns suggest greater convergence in the transition countries that joined the European Union in 2004 than in the other, lower-income transition economies. We also find evidence of Kuznet-Chenery type structural change across sectors. 37 Research Book 2014 Russian Peer-Reviewed Journals Russian Peer-Reviewed Journals “Category A” Aistov A., Aleksandrova E. Individual returns to training: Evidence from Russian firm// Applied Econometrics, (2014), 34(2), p. 56-79. The work is devoted to estimates of individual returns to additional professional training (APT) on the example of a metallurgical enterprise of Sverdlovsk region of 2006– 2010. We compare results of the OLS, fixed effects and differencein-differences estimators. APTs that expand possibilities of intra firm mobility showed statistically significant influence on wages. The types of training referred by us to the rise of qualification have significantly smaller impact on earnings. The found effects are expressed at men in comparison with women more brightly. Aray Yu., Burmistrova T. Specificity of Business Models In Social Entrepreneurship// Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (4), p. 55–78. Based on the analysis of social entrepreneurship and the concept of “business model” the paper unfolds the relevance of business model examination in social entrepreneurship. The results of the empirical research on the specificity of business models in social entrepreneurship are presented. The research was conducted with the use of case study method in the period from April 2012 till December 2013. The results of the analysis of the organizations supported by the Foundation “Reach for Change” in 2012 allowed to make a number of assumptions and conclusions about specificity of business models in social entrepreneurship. 38 Alkanova O., Smirnova M. Marketing in Emerging Markets: Definitions and Research Agenda// Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12, (1), p. 95–108. The article examines in detail the issues related to the definition of emerging markets in general and the attribution of particular countries to this category. It is stated in compliance with papers by Burgess & Steenkamp (2006) and Sheth (2011) that emerging markets offer a challenge to existing marketing methodology and research practice, and thus require additional validity verification for selected approaches to the study and measurement of management variables. The authors argue that in current circumstances, it is not only possible but also necessary to rethink the main directions of marketing theory and research methodology development from the perspective of the study of emerging markets research. Bukhvalov A., Akulaeva E. Empirical Fundamental Valuation of Russian Companies: Searching For Strategic Value // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (2), p. 3–12. The paper is devoted to construction a unified formula, which is suitable for evaluation of companies for majority of industries in a national economy. This task is especially important for Russia since just a few dozens of Russian companies have liquidly traded stocks. At the same time many hundred thousand companies need to be valued. Lack of their evaluation is an obstacle for property consolidation in holdings, deals with shares of property in non-traded companies, divestitures, more generally, for private equity market development. A modification of famous Ohlson model for empirical fundamental value is suggested. This model is estimated for Russian data up to 2013. This modification provides a unified Russian Academic Journals formula for evaluation. It is contemplated that the formula is a proxy for strategic value of a firm. The latter notion was recently outlined by Robert Grant though no hint for its evaluation has been suggested before. Zavyalova E., Tsybova V., Yakhontova E. The Relationship of Human Resource Management and Innovative Activity of the Russian Companies // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (3), p. 3–32. Gavrilova T., Alsufyev A., Yanson A. In the modern economy innovation activity of a company turns into a key source of its competitive advantage, and the search of incentive mechanisms of innovations becomes a topical issue. There are a number of evidences in the literature that the innovative nature of strategy and practices of personnel management affects the innovative activity of the company. This paper presents an overview of the experience of Russian and foreign companies and an empirical study of the relationship between strategy and practices of personnel management, innovative work behaviour and innovation activity of Russian companies. Modern Notation of Business Models: А Visual Trend// Foresight-Russia, (2014), (2), p. 56–70. Information overf low and dynamic market changes encourage managers to search for a relevant and eloquent model to describe their business. This paper provides a new framework for visualizing business models, guided by well-shaped visualization based on a mind mapping technique. Due to the simplicity of perception, this ap¬proach has a positive impact on managers and employees’ understanding of companies’ business models and promotes a productive exchange of ideas and knowledge. The mind-mapping visualization framework is ‘cognitive scaffolding’ and is positively associated with managers’ and employees’ improved percep¬tion and understanding of the business model, which allows them to communicate, share and manipulate business model knowledge easily. Gladkikh I., Alkanova O. Case Writing and Case-based Teaching In the Russian Business Education // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (2), p. 99–116. The article provides analysis of some features of the current phase of the case studies development and usage in Russian universities, which is based on St. Petersburg university Graduate School of Management experience and business educators survey held at end of 2013 – beginning of 2014. The survey allowed us to formulate a number of hypotheses on Russian universities faculty members’ perception of the key problems hindering the development of teaching and methodological educational process support based on case-method, their attitude to case writing by Russian authors and possible measures that can contribute to enhancing the process of authorial case studies development. Rozhkov A., Rebyazina V., Smirnova M. Customer Orientation: Results of the Empirical Test In the Russian Market // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (3), p. 33–58. This paper is focused on the study of applicability of the existing approach to the customer orientation (CO) measurement in Russian emerging market. The research is based on the CO model developed by Narver and Slater (1990) that is one of the most frequently used in marketing and management. The analysis is based on the two data sets (2008 and 2010). The research results suggest that current approach to CO measurement and conceptualization should be revised as the one-factor model by Narver and Slater is substituted with two-factor model incorporating value and process components of the CO. Sergeeva A., Andreeva T. How Do Management Practices Influence Knowledge Sharing Among Employees? Evidence From Secondary Schools // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (2), p. 67–98. This paper explores the mechanisms through which management practices influence knowledge sharing behavior of employees. We advance a proposition that management practices stimulate the employees to share knowledge not directly, but rather through the interaction with the employees’ motivation and abilities to do so. This proposition is empirically tested using the survey data of 329 teachers of secondary 39 Research Book 2014 schools in St. Petersburg. The most interesting result is that management practices aimed at providing opportunities for knowledge sharing are negatively related to extrinsic motivation of employees to share knowledge and act as a moderating condition for the relationship between intrinsic motivation to share and the actual knowledge sharing behavior of employees. Sokolova E. Economic Factors of Competition Development in Russian Gas Industry // Voprosy Economiki, (2014), 9. The article analyzes economic factors of competition development in Russian gas industry. The analysis is conducted on the basis of comparison of structural characteristics of competition with peculiarities of industrial markets in different stages of production process in the gas industry. The conclusion about the necessity to keep vertical integration with competition in the industry is maintained with the analysis of alternative opportunities of provision of the open access to pipelines for independent extracting companies. Storchevoy M. Theory of the Firm, Supply Chain Management, and Relationship Marketing // Voprosy Economiki, (2014), 1, p. 40–60. The paper studies through the lens of the economic theory of the firm the development of two managerial disciplines: supply chain management and relationship marketing. The author demonstrates which ideas have been borrowed by these disciplines from the economic theory of the firm, and in what extent their implications may be useful for the latter. 40 Shirokova G., Boratyreva K., Galkina T. Effectuation and Causation: Relationship Between University Infrastructure and Behavioral Choice In New Venture Creation by Student-Entrepreneurs // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (3), p. 59–86. The study shows that university entrepreneurial infrastructure constitutes an important part of entrepreneurial environment, which has a significant effect on entrepreneurial behavior and decision making process of student entrepreneurs. We contribute to the existing literature on the contextual understanding of entrepreneurial behaviour by extending effectuation theory and linking university entrepreneurial infrastructure to different types of logic used by student entrepreneurs. Our findings show that favorable entrepreneurial climate is positively associated with causal entrepreneurial behaviour. Financial support at the university is positively linked both to effectual and causal reasoning in entrepreneurial decision making process of student entrepreneurs. We were not able to find a positive association between the level of networking and coaching and both types of entrepreneurial reasoning and between the number of entrepreneurship courses at the university and causal logic of student entrepreneurs. However, once students’ active involvement is considered, the hypothesized relationships hold. These results are based on the GUES (Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey) 2011 sample including 2324 student entrepreneurs. Vlasov S. Firms’ Participation at Professional & Scientific Conferences and Innovation Performance // Russian Management Journal, (2014), Vol. 12 (1), p. 65–94. The article discusses the phenomenon of temporary clusters that includes such events as scientific and practitioneroriented conferences and international trade fairs. Similar to geographical (permanent) clusters such events bring together representatives of firms and non-profit organizations and provide an opportunity for informal and sporadic interactions only but in short and intensified form. The article reports results of empirical inquiry into firms’ participation in conferences from 1993 to 2012 and its relationship with innovation performance. Russian Academic Journals Russian Peer-Reviewed Journals “Category B” Alsufyev A., Zavyalova E. Personnel Training and Development Practices as a Driver of Innovative Organization Development //Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, p. 101–134. The current paper explores the relationship between personnel training and development practices and innovation activity of companies. The analysis is based on the concept of learning organization. The results of empirical study allow to suggest that not all personnel training practice are positively related to the innovation activity of companies. We identified two groups of indicators that are positively correlated with innovation activity — they include contemporary training practices and characteristics of organizational climate. Based on these results the conceptual model of the relationship between training and development practices and innovation activity was designed. The model includes factors associated with training and development practices affecting or innovation or influencing the relationship between innovation results and training. It is important to emphasis the complex character of the model: innovations are stimulated not by individual factors or practices, but are the results of the joint efforts. stakeholders? How these conflicts are reflected in company’s per formance and reputation? This study was devoted to finding answers to those questions. The goal of the research was to identify the relationship between corporate conflicts and financial performance of companies, where those conflicts have occurred. Blagov Yu., Aray Yu. Educational programs in Social Entrepreneurship: International Experience and Russian Features // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, p. 177–197. The paper provides a review of the international and Russian experience of the implementation of educational programs in social entrepreneurship. The specifics of creation and development of such programs is analyzed, the classification of the programs by the types and forms of implementation is provided. The features of education in social entrepreneurship in Russian Federation are defined. The authors investigate in details the Executive Education Program “Project Management for Social Entrepreneurs”, which is implemented at Institute “Graduate School of Management”, St.Petersburg State University with the financial support from Citi Foundation. The importance of the accumulated experience for the educating of business leaders at Executive Programs such as MBA/EMBA for the development of the social entrepreneurial competencies required for the creation of shared value is justified. Berezinets I., Ilyina Yu., Fakhritdinova D. Corporate Conflicts and Financial Performance // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 2, p. 100–135. Villo S. Managing Risks of Stakeholder Pressure in the System of Corporate Social Performance // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 1, p. 80–97. Researchers, rating agencies, mass media demonstrate growing interest to corporate conflicts. Professional editions publish articles on conflicts taking place in different companies, while TV channels such as RBC, Expert-TV etc. show programs with participation of state officials and experts, where corporate governance and conflicts issues are discussed. Increasing number of corporate conflicts that have occurred in recent years in largest Russian companies such as GMK Norilsky Nickel, TNK-BP Holding, Silvinit, Bank Moskvy etc., force researchers and practitioners to increasingly look for answers to the following questions: what happens with the company in the period of conflicts between various groups of The article raises the question of management of risks of stakeholder pressure in the system of corporate social performance. Stakeholder pressure is explained from the perspective of social amplification of risk. In accordance with the explanation provided, relevant elements of corporate social performance are determined - namely, dialog and communication forms of stakeholder interaction. The article also describes the relationship between the degree of overlap of stakeholders’ arguments by firm’s arguments and the likelihood of stakeholder pressure. Finally, the unreasonableness of the use of objective assessment of hazard in the management of stakeholder pressure is justified. 41 Research Book 2014 Zagorsky A., Starov S., Gladkikh I. Genesis of Private Label Branding Costs // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 2, p. 3–34. The article deals with the theoretical and estimation issues related to the study of innovation capabilities in Russian industrial companies. We present the theoretical background of innovation capability concept and its components. The result is a developed and validated model for measurement and planning of innovation capabilities of industrial companies in Russia. The measurement model includes “innovation resources” and “innovation capability” constructs and estimated them by five types of dimensions. We used financial, human, technological, information and organizational dimensions. Based on the scientific project performed Graduate school of management SPbU allowed to develop platform for efficient capability’s profile planning of production companies. Zenkevich N., Koroleva A., Mamedova Zh. Concept of Joint venture’s stability // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 1, p. 28–56. In this paper the problem of alliance in the form of joint venture stability evaluation is considered. The longevity of joint venture’s existence is determined by long term motivation of alliance partners to achieve stated goals, which in turn, is determined by alliance stability. Analysis of the existing papers on alliance stability topic showed that the research is very fragmented. Most well-known papers in the area are mainly focused on the investigation of different internal and external factors that can influence joint venture stability. At the same time, no joint venture stability definition and concept has been suggested. For this reason, authors developed original approach to the definition of strategic alliance stability and its’ conceptualization which allows evaluation of stability, taking into account influence of both, internal and external factors. Zenkevich N., Koroleva A., Mamedova Zh. Methodology of Evaluation of Joint Venture’s Stability // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, p. 41–74. In the paper we present a methodology of joint venture (JV) stability evaluation. The methodology is based on the stability concept proposed by authors. The methodology allows providing analysis of stability for each of its’ components: external and internal which in turn consists of motivational, strategic and dynamic parts. The advantage of such approach is the opportunity of uncovering the components that causes instability and thus, of taking actions for their stabilization. The proposed methodology is developed for decision support in companies when providing retrospective and perspective analysis of existing JV or when providing perspective analysis of stability JV that are in the stage of establishment. Specifically, 42 the usage of the methodology in regard to JV in the process of creation allows receiving correct edition of cooperative agreement that enables securing of JV stability. The methodology is illustrated by providing retrospective analysis of Renault and Nissan companies strategic alliance stability. Ivanov A. Modeling of Quasi-corrupt Behavior in Public Procurement // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, p. 3–40. The paper makes a contribution to the development of the public sector agency models. Until now, the researchers’ efforts were mostly concentrated on the development of the models of bureaucratic and efficient corruption. The paper completes the construction of the typology of agency models, having introduced into consideration a model of ‘quasi-corruption’ based on assumptions of mala fides of the Principal and bona fides of the Agent. The model is applied to examine public procurement issue connected with the declining competition in the e-auctions in Russian Federation. Having compared the e-auctions performance and the corruption level in RF, the paper hypothesizes that competition may be limited by both the mala fide and bona fide public buyer: the first seeks to obtain bribes, the second tries to achieve benevolent goals. The paper has identified incentives of a bona fide public buyer to restrict competition and proposed relevant amendments to the legislation of the Russian Federation on public procurement, eliminating the need for such behavior. Kazantsev A., Logacheva A. Innovation Capabilities of Russian Companies: Measurement and Development Management // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 4, p. 3–26. The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological aspects of measurement and control of companies’ innovation capabilities development. An interest to this problem deals with the fact that the methodological aspects of measuring innovation capabilities are poorly developed field of innovation management. Authors used a combinatorial approach based on the resource based view concept, the concept of dynamic capabilities and operational management methodology. The paper presents a review of basic terms and the authors approach to the definition of “innovation capability”; identified factors that have a significant effect on innovation capabilities of companies. Special attention is paid to the development of indicators system to quantify the level of innovation capabilities and evaluation of innovative resources of Russian companies. Empirical study allowed us to refine the composition of indicators, identify the components of measurement and obtain mathematical models for calculating the integral estimates of innovation capabilities. Practical results of the study allowed generating suggestions for managing the development of innovation capabilities through a programmatic approach. Russian Academic Journals Kiryukov S., Landgraf P. Corporate rebranding for Market-oriented Companies: theoretical foundations and avenues for future research // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 2, p. 35–59. Authors address one of the most prominent topics in modern brand management — corporate rebranding. Although corporate rebranding is abundantly executed in practice, theory development and systematization has lagged behind. The gap between theory and practice constitutes the lack of academic guidance for corporate brand change management, contributing in some sense to the randomness and unpredictability of corporate rebranding performance. Authors fill in this research gap by proposing the systematical presentation of corporate rebranding theory. The paper reveals specificity of corporate rebranding, analyzes the relationship among its components and states the principles of successful corporate brand change. Authors develop on the role of market orientation in corporate rebranding execution, framing the linkage between these concepts that has not been discussed in literature previously. For the theoretical contribution, this paper is one of the few and, to the best knowledge of the authors, the first research in Russian literature to systematically present theoretical foundations of corporate rebranding. The paper implications allow managers for widening the understanding of strategic corporate brand change process so that to exceed “taken-for-granted” corporate rebranding best practices. Kucherov D. Strategic human Resource Management: origin and formation of the concept // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 1, p. 98–116. The paper is devoted to the strategic human resource management (SHRM) concept consideration, the perspective which connects human resource management function with business strategy of organization and its performance. The role of the resource-based view of the strategic management in the SHRM concept’s formation is discussed. The evolution of scholars’ views on the SHRM nature is deduced in the origin (1980-s) and initial (1990-s) stages. The core terms which make the conceptual system of SHRM are chosen (“strategic HRM“, “HR strategy”, “overall HR strategy”, “Specific HR strategies”, “vertical fit”, “horizontal fit”). The key perspectives to the HR strategy adoption in the 1990-s are defined — the contingency perspective (“the best-fit approach”), the universalistic perspective (“the best-practice approach”) and the configurational perspective (“bundling”). Latukha M. Talent Management: Theoretical Approaches and Russian Companies’ Experience // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 4, p. 46–67. The paper aims to systematize the main theoretical approaches to talent management in Russian companies. Our analysis is based on the discussion of talent management practices in firms in Russia and identify why some of them nowadays seems to be undeveloped. In this research we identify the main peculiarities of talent management in Russia, and analyze existing problems and tasks while talent management practices’ realization. We prove that Russian managers understand the importance of talent management and its positive influence on a company’s performance. Our results show that existing talent management practices in Russian companies sometimes are inconsistent and not integrated in a firm’s strategic development and human resource management policies. Patokina O., Pustovalova T. “At Pif’s”: on Mutual Funds, or How to Make Decisions on the Market of Collective Investments (case study) // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 4, p. 101–122. Case is devoted to the problem of making investment decisions through mutual funds, and revealing factors, which have an influence on such decisions. The case is addressed to the students learning introductory course “Financial Institutions and Markets”. Its first goal is to analyze and evaluate the mechanism of private investments by means of mutual funds. This supposes that the students grasp legal fundamentals, determine participants, understand infrastructure and principles of operating this institution of investments, the role of mutual funds in development of financial system, reveal its advantages and disadvantages for private investors. The second and more complicated task is to invite students, who have just started to study financial disciplines to think about factors effecting on mutual funds’ performance under conditions of effective market, and in particular under conditions of real Russian market, to discuss a problem of modelling criteria for measuring effectiveness and efficiency of mutual funds and management companies’ activity. Sokolova E. Free Market of Gas in Russian Federation: Institutions of Development // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 4, p. 27–45. The article discusses free market of gas as an alternative to the restructuring of the gas industry in the Russian Federation. The author analyzes the current state and prospects of development of the following free market institutions: organized gas trading, quasi-market pricing and capacity trading. On the basis of empirical data on the state of competition in the gas industry in Russia the author concludes that organized trading of natural 43 Research Book 2014 gas held for the introduction of quasi-market pricing can not be effective without the extension of non-discriminatory access of independent gas companies to the gas pipelines. And this, in turn, is possible only if case of increase in density of the transmission network and market development of the gas transportation capacity. Khomich S. Intercompany Cooperation in Innovation: The Theoretical Foundations // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 3, p. 135–176. Although the research has investigated the phenomenon of the intercompany cooperation both in general and in the innovation context the fragmented nature of research in this field indicates the remaining need for the comprehensive study of this phenomenon. We address this question by studying the large sample of theoretical and empirical studies conducted in the field of cooperation in innovation and other related areas. The results of the analysis and systematization of publications represented in this article are the following: the specification of the levels of cooperation in innovation; the classification of factors influencing the collaborative innovation; the description of the possible relationships between these factors, level of cooperation and innovation types; the list of indicators that can reflect the impact of cooperation on the innovative and business performance of companies. The obtained results are reflected in the complex model that represents the influence of cooperation on innovative performance. This model can be used as a basis for the further empirical research, as well as for the development of the practical recommendations for building a system of mutually beneficial cooperative relationships to enhance the company innovation capability. Tsybova V., Zavyalova E. Human Resource Management Practices in the InnovationActive Companies // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), № 2, p. 136–163. In the frame of modern economy, innovation activity of the company turn into a key source of its competitive advantage, and research of incentive stimulus of innovations becomes a topical issue. In the literature there are evidences that human resource management has an impact on company’s performance as well as on innovative outcomes of organizations. However, this relationship can be described as a complex and multifactorial that greatly complicates the analysis and interpretation. A new scientific direction, the object of which is innovative work behavior, is aimed at studying the role of human factor in the innovation process. This article discusses the features of management of innovative behavior in Russian and foreign innovation-active companies. In the paper was conducted a theoretical analysis of the approaches to the study of this problem. Moreover, authors present the results of an empirical study based on a survey of top management of 94 innovatively active companies and non-innovative organizations. The 44 paper analyzes the HRM practices used in companies and indicators of innovative work behavior. Authors concluded that the relationship of HRM practices and innovative activity is mediated by the development of innovative work behavior of employees. Shirokova G., Bogatyreva K. Interrelationship of Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance: Evidence from Study of Russian SMEs // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 1, p. 3–27. The article presents results of the study on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance of SMEs in the context of an emerging market. The empirical analysis of 305 Russian SMEs has revealed a positive effect of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance in the long term. We also have found that this effect is primarily driven by risk taking. We also have studied the moderating effect of the environmental dynamism on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. However, the presence of such effect has not been confirmed in the case of Russian SMEs. Shirokova G., Bystrova Yu. Organizational changes in Russian New Ventures as a Factor of success // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series, (2014), 2, p. 60–99. This article represents results of the research devoted to investigation of the relationship between various types of organizational changes and Russian new ventures’ performance. Hypotheses on the difference in new ventures’ performance, which conduct technological and administrative changes such as the introduction of new knowledge management systems, new methods of distribution responsibilities among employees, changes in the management structure and outsourcing of operations for the first time, in comparison with those which do not, are tested. The empirical study is carried out on 1129 Russian new ventures from the database Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS), collected in 2012. This study reveals significant difference in new ventures’ performance, which conduct technological changes due to limited access to the resources for such firms and unfavorable conditions for modernization due to low level of innovation development in the country. Also positive effect of administrative changes was confirmed. New knowledge management system represents exception due to low quality management and dysfunctional knowledge management in Russia nowadays. Russian Academic Journals Other Academic Journals Included in the Higher Attestation Committee (VAK) List (in Economics) Bystrova Yu., Shirokova G. What Do We Know about New ventures? Definitions, characteristics and factors influencing their growth // Modern Competition, 2014, 6(48), p. 61-93 This article attempts to systematize the existing knowledge about factors influencing new venture growth, through literature review of 56 research articles in this area. New venture definitions and characteristics are discussed in this study. Based on the literature review key factors that influence new venture growth are identified, which contain business environment, including industry and geographical characteristics, new venture strategy and firm internal environment, representing personal features, experience and competence level of entrepreneur or entrepreneurial team, firm resources, its capabilities and organizational structure. Influence of each of them may differ from time to time and depend on the particular circumstances certainly, but the fact of their impact is evident based on the results of conducted research studies. As the result of literature review we identified the main gaps in this new venture research stream, and proposed further research directions. Gavrilova T., Gladkova M. New Approach In Design Of Education Resources For The Managers In Nanoindustry// Open Education, (2014), 4, p. 19-26 The article deals withe the problems of designing education resources for the future managers in the fi eld of high and nano-tech. Modern hightech companies are in need of highly qualifi ed managers who are capable of managing innovation projects and commercialize them. At present there exist extra curricular programmes whereas there are no special higher education programmes for specialists of this level. Authors of the article offer a new system approach to design education resources based on such a programme. It is based on the usage of instruments of the modern smartcards for presenting the structure of education resources. This kind of presentation enables to form the content of education resources clearly and vividly at different levels simultaneously as well as determine the elements which either are in demand, or intersect, or are superfl uous. Gavrilova T., Kozhunova O. Common Cognitive Space Generation through Visual Knowledge Representation Models // Russian Information Resources, (2014), 6, p. 10-16 The paper presents visual knowledge representation models and methods, and the possibilities of their application to the ill-structured or new domains. Multidisciplinary problems are discussed in this context. A short overview and the analysis of existing visual approaches were targeted at choosing the most completely reflecting features of inter-expert cooperation within the limits of cross-disciplinary tasks that can help experts from different domains generate common cognitive space. Application of mind maps and concept-maps as tools of visual representation for cognitive interoperability of inter-expert cooperation is proposed. Kazantsev A., Veselova A. Competitive Advantages of Enterprises from Emerging Economies: Main Theoretical Approaches // Economics and Management, (2014), 10, p. 18-24. The article focuses on the sources of competitive advantages (CA) of enterprises from emerging economies (EEs). Existing theoretical and empirical researches on CAs of EEs provide quite contradictory results which could be explained by significant heterogeneity of emerging markets. The purpose of the paper is to identify and analyze major theoretical approaches to CA of EEs and justify the need for complex integrative approach considering the specificity of emerging markets. The analysis of 229 articles on emerging markets published in 10 leading journal on management included in ABS list during 2000-2014 emphasized three major approaches: resource-based, institutional and network one. Due to the fact that distinctive features of emerging markets include the use of specific resources, strong influence of different elements of institutional environment and wide use of internal and external networks, the need for integrative approach is grounded. 45 Research Book 2014 Kazantsev A., Logacheva A. Estimation and Analysis of Innovation Capabilities of Industrial Companies // Production Organizer, (2014), 1, p. 68-77 The article deals with the theoretical and estimation issues related to the study of innovation capabilities in Russian industrial companies. We present the theoretical background of innovation capability concept and its components. The result is a developed and validated model for measurement and planning of innovation capabilities of industrial companies in Russia. The measurement model includes “innovation resources” and “innovation capability” constructs and estimated them by five types of dimensions. We used financial, human, technological, information and organizational dimensions. Based on the scientific project performed Graduate school of management SPbSU allowed developing a platform for efficient capability’s profile planning of production companies. Loginov L. Classification of Market Orientation Concepts // Russian Entrepreneurship, (2014), 14/250, p. 155-166. This article discusses preconditions for emergence of market orientation concepts and provides their analysis. It also proposes the following classification criteria of market orientation: information process, culture, decision-making process and market orientation at the intersection of these criteria. Loginov L. Pronko A. Market Orientation: Current State and Potential Research Directions // Marketing and Marketing Research, (2014), 3, p. 170-178. The purpose of the article is to identify perspective directions of market orientation research. To achieve the purpose we consider modern concepts of market orientation, introduce their classification and analyze their current state, which helps to identify gaps and, consequently, promising areas of research. 46 Loginov L. Pronko A. Marketing Abilities as Mediator of Market Orientation // Marketing and Marketing Research, (2014), 4, p. 290-303. The paper presents key results of quantitative research which allow to make the conclusion that marketing abilities perform as mediator between market orientation and company performance, i.e. transfer the effect of market orientation on company performance indicators, and also identify organization capabilities which are the most important for this specific activity. Lukinskiy V., Katkova E. Analysis of Methods of Logistic Intermediaries Selection // Logistics and Supply Chain Management, (2014), 2, p. 4956. The article presents analytical and expert approaches to the choice of suppliers; it provides comparative evaluation of expert selection methods: point-rating assessment, hierarchy analysis method and general algorithm for intermediaries selection. On the basis of calculations the conclusions on each method applicability were made. Lukinskiy V., Lukinskiy V., Maevskiy A. Development of the Calculation Model of Optimal Order Considering Deficit // Logistics and Supply Chain Management, (2014), 1, p. 43-54. The article focuses on issues related to determination of the optimal values of EOQ model parameters taking into account the deficit. It critically analyzes variants of the model presented in the literature and introduces a revised version of the most common model with the so-called “differed demand”. In addition, two new models are developed – «with additional supply» and with the «loss claims”. Examples of calculations for all three types of models are provided. Russian Academic Journals Tsukanova T. Russian SMEs Go International// Modern Competition, (2014), 2, p. 60-77. internationalization programs. In this paper, based on data of 455 Russian firms, the author analyzes the differences in the perception of external and internal factors of internationalization among firms that have international operations and firms that operate only in Russian market. The results help to identify the factors that should be considered while elaborating strategy and government support Cherenkov V., Gladkikh I., Starov S. Smeshariki: Diffusion of Low-Tech Innovations in a SpaceTime Continuum // Management of Innovations, (2014), 2, p. 92-106. Present article is devoted to attract an attention to low-tech innovations that are embodied in items of creative industries. Economic essence and examples of low-tech innovations are presented. Reasons of commercial and social success of “Smeshariki” cartoon children serial project as well as rationales of its fast globalization are revealed. Two scenarios of the future development for the said project are given. Other Academic Journals Included in the Higher Attestation Committee (VAK) List (in Other Sciences) Aleksandrova E., Anikin S. Pikuleva O. A Model of Incentive Wages as an Optimal Control Problem // Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series «Mathematical Modelling, Programming & Computer Software», (2014), 7(4), p. 22-35. Social and Psychological Factors in Choosing Assertive Tactics of Self-presentation of the Student Youth // Vestnik (Herald) of Moscow State University. Series 14. Psychology, (2014), №1, p. 33-46. This articles considers a shirking model under the theory of efficiency contracts, which determines the profile of a worker’’s individual wages depending on his experience. The profile is a stimulating condition to increase productivity and the period of employment. Certain additional assumtions reduce the model to a nonclassical variational problem or a linear optimal control problem. We prove nonemptiness criteria and the existence of solutions, find necessary and sufficient conditions for optimality, give an algorithm to solve the problem, and present the results of simulations. The article presents the results of empirical research of the interaction between personal values and self-presentational behavior. The main hypothesis of the study was that there are differences in the value priorities and preference of tactics and strategies of self-presentation of personality caused by social (ethnic and cultural affiliation, region of residence, gender identity) and psychological (selfmonitoring) factors. The study involved 209 students (average age of 20 years). In Vyborg for processing were accepted respondents defined their identity as Russians and reported as a religion, Orthodoxy, in Nalchik, the questionnaire respondents defined their identity as Kabardins or Balkars and reported as a religion Islam. In the result of the study revealed that there is a direct connection between the machines on individualism and manifestation assertive self-presentational behavior (level of significance p<0.001). Personality-focused values, which support the desire of the individual to material success and the individual’s social achievements, contribute to the orientation of the person on assertive strategy of selfpresentation “Self-enhancement”, and socio-focused value orientations aimed at care about the welfare of others — hinder. Using assertive tactics and strategies of self-presentation is connected with a high level of self-monitoring, regardless of the ethnic and cultural differentiation. Maslova S., Sokolov Yu. Public-private Partnership Agreements: conception and content in theory and in practice // Vestnik (Herald) of Saint Petersburg University. Law Series, (2014), 4, p. 126-144. The article is devoted to legislative characteristic of public-private partnership (PPP) agreements. It considers the structure and major conditions of PPP agreements also it detects the specificity of PPP agreements. The article besides contains comparative legal analysis of the PPP agreements conditions that are concluded according to the different forms of PPP. The author explores peculiarities of legal regulation of these forms in Russian legislation and international jurisdictions. 47 Research Book 2014 Pikuleva O. Pikuleva O. Self-presentation of Older Women: Russian specifics // Woman in Russian Society, (2014), № 1(70), p. 69-78. Self-Presentational Competence Of Labour Migrants As An Important Factor Of The Ir Effective In-Cultural Adaptation // Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, (2014), №2/1(58), p. 149-153. This article discusses the features of selfpresentational behavior of Russian women in the senior age (above 56 years). The problem of women’s ageing is considered through the prism of the author’s view on subjective self-determination of middleaged women. The results of gender and age specifics of the self-presentation tactics are analyzed together with the types of self-presentational behavior of older women in connection with the shaping of their outward appearance. Personal features of older women communicative behavior and their use of various tactics of selfpresentation are considered, too. Pikuleva O. Self-Presentational Competence Of Labour Migrants As An Important Factor Of The Ir Effective In-Cultural Adaptation // Values and Meanings, (2014), №3(31), p. 78-89. The article presents the results of empirical research on the study of gender features of self-presentation tactics of managers, the influence of value preferences of managers - men and women on their self-presentational behavior, choice of tactics and strategies of self-presentation. As a result of the author’s research established that the personal and social tricks value preferences of managers influence the choice or their avoidance of the use of certain tactics of self-presentation, regardless of gender differentiation. Personally-focused values, which support the desire of the individual to material success and the individual’s social achievements contribute to the orientation of the person on assertive strategy of selfpresentational behavior «Self-enhancement» - demonstration of high self-esteem and domination, and the socially-focused value orientations aimed at care about the welfare of others hinder. The paper considers the concept of «selfpresentational competence», the results of empirical research on the study of local residents’perception ofvisually observed labour migrants’self-presentational behavior. The author presents the socio-psychological technology of in-cultural adaptation of migrants – formation of self-presentational competence through training effective self-presentation in situations of cross-cultural interaction. Pikuleva O. Personality Self-presentation as a Means of Impression Management: the analysis of impact factors // Scientific Opinion, (2014), №2, p. 140-149. The terms “self-presentation” and “impression management” are used by social psychologists to describe one’s efforts to create a favourable impression on other people. According to some researchers, impression management is the active self-presentation of a person aiming to enhance his/her image in the eyes of others. This paper examines self-presentational theories in the light of impression management, different factors of influence on self-presentational behaviour and the author’s vision claiming that all social interactions can be analysed in terms of self-presentation. The author substantiates the idea that self-presentation is a means of impression management. The results of the author’s theoretical and practical research help to widen the understanding of self- presentation as a complex social and psychological phenomenon and to withdraw from the stereotypic narrow opinion about its manipulative nature. Other Academic Journals Maslova S., Sokolov M. Serova L., Churakova I. Trends and Prospects of the Russian Legislation on PPP // Journal of International Private Law, (2014), 1(83), p. 23-59. Educational and Methodological Innovations in Management Education in Higher School //Management today, (2014), № 5(83), p. 316-326. The article deals with the legal regulation of public-private partnership (PPP) in the Russian Federation and international legal aspects of the regulation of this mechanism, as well as ways of improving the Russian legislation on PPP subject concerning the provisions of international law in this area. 48 Case method has been successfully used to develop key competences of managers in business schools and universities for several decades. However, the use of it often requires considerable time and is highly directional. The article reveals advantages of the use of mini-cases as a tool for active and diverse student teaching, in particular for corporate trainings. Working Papers Books Kazantsev A.K., Kiselev V.N., Rubvalter D.A., Rudensky O.V. NBIC-Technologies: Innovations Civilization of the 21 Century.– М. : INFRA-M, 2014. – 383 p. The book presents the research of the present state and possible ways of development of breaking through high tech activities: nanotechnology, biotechnology, information and communications technology and cognitive technology. These technological activities, due to their synergetic and convergent properties, are also known as NBIC-technologies and have already gained one of the central positions in research programs of leading scientific schools abroad and in the Russian Federation. Authors also consider basic concepts of new institutional economics, as well as the present state of national innovation systems of leading developed countries. The book addresses not only scientific and economic aspects of development of NBIC- technologies, but also social, philosophic problems, that appear as a result of synergetic effects and formation of innovative economics of the 21 century. The book is devoted to a wide audience: researchers, professors, PhD students and senior students of natural sciences and economic specializations. National Reports Shirokova G., Tsukanova T., Bogatyreva K. Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS): National Report - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 52 p. International research project The Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS) has been held every two years since 2003. It was originally called the study ISCE — International Survey on Collegiate Entrepreneurship, but it was renamed in 2008. Six international panel studies have been held in 2003, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011 and 2013/2014. Russia participated in this study for the first time in 2011, when 2882 students from 23 Russian universities took part in the survey. In 2013/2014 GUESSS Russian team took part in this project for the second time. Data collection was carried out from October 2013 till February 2014, 32 Russian universities took part in the study. From 26,400 students to whom an invitation to participate in the study was sent, 4,578 people answered the questionnaire, accounting for 17.34% of the respondents. Besides, Russia ranked 10th out of 34 countries in the number of students responses. Verkhovskaya O., Dorokhina M., Sergeeva A. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Russia 2013. - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 64 p. National report “Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Russia 2013” is the eighth Russian report within the project Global Entrepreneurship Monitor — GEM. The purpose of the report is to introduce general issues and key findings of the 2013 research to Russian entrepreneurs, experts in the field of entrepreneurship and other stakeholders. From its start of the project in 1997 GEM is one of the most influential global research projects studying relationships between entrepreneurship and economic growth. 49 Research Book 2014 Working Papers GSOM SPbU Working Papers Series (in English) Shirokova G. V., Bogatyreva K. A., Morris M. H. Expertise, University Infrastructure and Cognitive Logic: Assessing Students Who Start Ventures.Working Paper # 1 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 26 p. The present study explores how and why student entrepreneurs choose causal or effectual cognitive logic during venture creation and what role the university entrepreneurial infrastructure plays in this choice. We contribute to the existing literature on the contextual understanding of entrepreneurial decision-making by examining the role of business experience of student entrepreneurs in venture cognitive logic. Using the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESS), the study involves a sample of 2,324 student entrepreneurs from 26 countries. Our findings indicate that favorable university entrepreneurial environments and students’ involvement in networking and coaching are positively associated with a reliance on causal logic with inexperienced student entrepreneurs. With experienced student entrepreneurs, favorable university environments and participation in entrepreneurship courses, networking and coaching offerings are positively related to the proclivity towards effectual logic. Evidence is produced that effectuation and causa-tion are orthogonal constructs that are intertwined and can unfold simultaneously. Manolova T., Shirokova G., Tsukanova T., Edelman L. The Impact of Family Support on Young Nascent Entrepreneurs’s Start-Up Activities: A Family Embeddedness Perspective. Working Paper # 2 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 40 p. In this paper we explore the factors associated with the scope of start-up activities among young nascent entrepreneurs. Taking a family embeddedness perspective, and drawing on literature from nascent entrepreneurship, start-up activities, and student entrepreneurship, we hypothesize that the scope of start-up activities of young nascent student entrepreneurs is positively associated with family support in the form of different types of family capital; financial, social, human, and physical. We further argue that the effect of family support on young nascent entrepreneurs’ startup activities is positively moderated by the level of family 50 cohesiveness. We test our hypotheses using data from the 2011 Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students Survey (GUESSS) which covers 93,625 students from 26 countries. We find that the effects of family sup-port on young nascent entrepreneurs’ start-up activity are complex and multi-faceted. Implications for theory, public policy, and managerial prac-tice are discussed. Ivanov A., Maslova S. Applying modelling in the process of anti-corruption expertise of legal regulation of public procurement. Working Paper # 3 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 32 p. The paper proves a necessity of changing the approach to anti-corruption expertise: the assessment of affordability of the best society’s alternative in terms of regulation proposed by the principal (ex ante impact assessment) has to be preceded by the analysis of opportunities for mala fide agent’s behavior and evaluation of incentives for his bona fide behavior. In the paper two different algorithms of anti-corruption expertise have been introduced: the first one is applied to the new regulation tool, the second one – to the regulation tool which has been used and some information on agent’s reaction is available. In both cases the expertise starts from the modelling of society’s preferences and comparing them with the principal’s preferences generated by the proposed regulation. The second algorithm used by the authors in the anticorruption expertise applies the price English auction in public procurement. Andreeva T., Bezginova Y., Garanina T., Sergeeva A. Customer value creation process in Russian companies: the role of Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management Practices.Working Paper # 4 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 15 p. Our paper has an aim to define how intellectual capital elements and knowledge management practices lead to customer value creation. With the use of a questionnaire the unique data from top-management of 76 Russian companies is obtained. Working Papers According to the main results of the research none of the knowledge-management practices influences the customer value of Russian companies directly. These practices play a mediating role through intellectual capital elements, which on their turn create the customer value. Within the paper we develop a model that reflects how knowledge management practices influence different elements of intellectual capital. The model also shows which elements of Intellectual capital create the customer value of Russian companies. These are preliminary results from an international research project on intellectual capital and knowledge management practices led by Lappeenranta University of Technology (Finland). Berezinets I., Ilina Y., Alekseeva L. Ownership Structure and Dividend Policy: A Study of Russian Public Companies With Dual Class Shares. Working Paper # 5 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 28 p. In this paper we investigate the impact of ownership structure on dividend policy. The study is based on a sample of Russian companies with dual-class shares structure over the period of 2003-2009. We explore a broad range of factors related to ownership identity. Conclusions are drawn as to the nature of the impact various owners types have on dividends paid on ordinary and preferred stock. There is an evidence that this impact differs for dividends on ordinary and preferred shares. The dividend policy pertaining to preferred shares is considerably different from the dividend policy pertaining to ordinary shares; it essentially depends on the company’s performance. Panibratov A., Latukha M. The Vector of the home government influence upon Russian MNEs: Balancing the control against the interest. Working Paper # 6 (E) –2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 16 p. Influence of government is crucial for international operations of most emerging economies’ firms. However, not all these firms have the same experience with government interventions: some benefit more, some less, and some make losses. The government roles vary among countries and industries. One pole is an absolute financial support and trade protection, while other is a restriction or too strict regulation. Firms react differently; some try preventing or at least predicting such behavior, while others do not put too many efforts to avoid this government enrolment in their business and projects abroad. With particular example of Russia, this paper answers on how the government influences an internationalization of emerging multinational enterprises, and what are the effects on their strategy and competitive advantages. It also analyzes the role the government plays to help these companies, particularly when they go internationally, answering questions how the government can shape an emerging MNEs’ competitive advantage and at what level should it act to help company when expanding abroad. In addition, it argues how firms can protect themselves against the government intervention and what causes different experience. Smirnova M., Rebiazina V. Strategic Orientations as a Driver of Innovations in Russian Firms. Working Paper # 7 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 24 p. Product innovation is vital for developing competitiveness of firms from emerging economies. Being recognized as one of emerging economies, Russia however is rather loosing positions in competing on innovative offerings in comparison to other BRIC economies. Moreover, the research on drivers of success or failure of product innovations in Russian economy is underrepresented in academic literature. Current paper aims at adding to existing theory on the role of market orientation vs. orientation to the new market segments in driving firm performance with the focus on product innovation capabilities. As suggested by Sawhney et al (2006), we study the role of key innovative offering dimensions – platform and solution innovation – in influencing firm performance outcomes. Our study aims to close the gap by studying the mediating effect of product innovation dimensions on market orientation – performance link on example of Russian economy. The study is based on a quantitative survey of 207 Russian innovative firms with multiple respondents approach, resulting in 331 qualified respondents. Our results demonstrate the difference in effect of orientation towards existing market vs. new customer segments in shaping platform and solution innovation and influencing firm performance. Sokolova E. Development of Oil Industry in Russia. Working Paper # 8 (E)–2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 12p. The paper analyses peculiarities of development of oil industry in Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Changes in the industry are focused on the competition development, the aim of which is to increase the level of oil production. Nevertheless, the effects of structural change cannot be assessed unambiguously. The paper analyzes 51 Research Book 2014 the state of competition in the oil industry and possible consequences of its development. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper provides recommendations for the formation of public policy in the domestic oil and petroleum products market and oil industry. Kosheleva S., Zavyalova E., Tsybova V., Kucherov D., Alsufyev A. Managing innovation in Russian competitive companies: the role of HRM.Working Paper # 9 (E) – 2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014, 25 p. leading to the formation and development of innovative work behavior of personnel. The properties of HRM strategy and practices contributing to innovative activity are analyzed. The conclusion is made that at present the models of managing the innovative activity cannot be considered fully formed; however, there is a holistic strategy of implementing innovative projects in the companies where these projects are realized, including specific soft practices aimed at forming and developing innovative work behavior of personnel. The contradictions and the accents identified in HR-practices of Russian competitive companies can serve as the basis for recommendations to managers for increasing innovative activity of companies. This research aims to compare HRM practices in Russian competitive companies and to explore HRM strategies GSOM SPbU Working Papers Series (in Russian) Zavyalova E., Kucherov D., Kosheleva S., Tsybova V., Alsufyev A. Analysis of Human Capital Exploitation Efficiency (the Example of Russian Oil and Gas Sector) Working Paper # 10 (R) - 2014. Graduate School of Management, St. Petersburg State University: SPb, 2014 capital is considered from microeconomic perspective as a set of employee’s knowledge, abilities and skills influencing his/ her labor productivity and companies’ prosperity. The paper presents the results of empirical research on evaluation of human capital exploitation efficiency in Russian oil and gas companies. Human capital performs as one of the most important intangible assets of modern companies. In this paper human Working Papers Published at Social Science Research Network Yushkov A. Fiscal Decentralization and Regional Economic Growth: The Case of the Russian Federation Social Science Research Network, 05.11.2014, SSRN working paper series, 56 p. In the present Master Thesis, written at the University of Bonn, the relationship between fiscal decentralization and 52 regional economic growth is studied for the case of the Russian Federation. A rich panel dataset of 78 Russian regions during 2005-2012 is gathered by the author. Using panel data analysis, it is shown that excessive expenditure decentralization within a region, which is not accompanied by revenue decentralization, can have harmful consequences for regional economic growth during the period of the economic crisis. On the contrary, federal government can stimulate recovery by efficiently assigning intergovernmental grants. Overall, the benefits of decentralization seem to be overweighed by its costs in Russia. Working Papers Cases Registered at The Case Centre (ecch) Latukha M. Cultural Differences and Problems with Quality: Are there challenges for human resource management in the automobile industry? Case: № 414-143-1, 11 c. Teaching Notes: № 414-143-8, 5 c. CARM, the automobile company that affiliates manufactured automobiles and related parts across more than 35 companies located in 21 different countries worldwide, faced a problem with car quality in 2007-2009. The case discusses advantages and limitations of the existing human resource management practices and corporate values that may cause problems with quality. Were the main reasons for quality problems due to human error and lack of employee engagement? The case suggests finding possible improvements for existing human resource practices in order to avoid such situations in the future. The educative purpose of the case is to develop skills for the analysis of HRM practices (recruitment, motivation, training, and development of talented people) in a large company. Kucherov D. IKEA: Recruitment and Employer Branding on the Local Labor Market Case: № 414-146-0031, 17 c. Teaching Notes: № 414-146-8, 16 c. IKEA, being one of the largest worldwide retailers, continued its expansion in Russian market. IKEA had two stores in Saint-Petersburg (IKEA Parnas and IKEA Dybenko). In 2014 the decision to open a new retail outlet of IKEA on SaintPetersburg market was made. One of the challenges was to recruit, select and hire efficiently employees for the new outlet. IKEA needed to assess its perceived attractiveness as an employer on the local Saint-Petersburg labor market and improve the employer branding strategy. Latukha M. Challenges in Consulting Industry: Dealing with Talent Management Case: № 414-145-1, 8 c. Teaching Notes: № 414-145-8, 7 c. The present case investigates human resource management at Concom, the consulting company. As Concom strongly depends on knowledge for its development and growth, the company was faced with an employee turnover problem and challenges in retaining knowledge within the firm. One of Concom’s challenges is to push talented consultants to share their knowledge with the company and with the client. Why would consultants share their knowledge within the firm? For what kind of compensation would consultants at Concom share their knowledge? Moreover, Concom should manage expatriate performance properly to support knowledge retention and sharing worldwide. Now it seems to be a necessary task for Concom to think about these questions in order to keep developing leadership and attract talented consultants. 53 Research Book 2014 Textbooks and Manuals Berezinets I. Volkov D., Garanina T., Nikulin E. Basics of Econometrics. - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 183 p. Financial Analysis. - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 140 p. The textbook is an introductory course on econometrics focused on business schools’ students (management), studying the course “Basics of Econometrics”. The textbook covers binary and multifactor linear and nonlinear regression models, models of binary choice. Methods of point and interval estimation of unknown parameters of the regression model, as well as algorithms for adequacy testing of these models to empirical data are presented. The market model, the Fama and French’s model and other econometric models for securities yield estimation are considered. The textbook includes results of econometric models implication, obtained by professors of Finance and Accounting Department while conducting researches in the field of corporate finance and corporate governance. Theoretical material is accompanied by cases, solutions of which include analytical work and the use of MS EXCEL and statistics software STATA. Bukhvalov A., Smirnov M. Corporate Governance: Introductory Course. Textbook, 2 edition. - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 192 p. The textbook covers major aspects of corporate governance problems, principles of power arrangement and realization within a company. Fundamental theoretical foundations, key practical elements of corporate governance, and evolution of approaches to corporate governance analysis are considered. Country systems and relevant problems of corporate governance in companies, including Russian ones, are analyzed. The material combines theory and companies’ cases. The textbook is focused on the students on the Bachelor programs in “Management”, first of all, students on “Corporate governance” course. 54 The textbook covers issues connected with implementation of company’s financial analysis methods on the basis of external reporting. The topics under consideration include liquidity and solvency analysis, efficiency and business activity analysis, bankruptcy forecasting; circulating capital management, fundamentals of business evaluation and value-based management. These topics are key ones for financial analysis and their study stimulates manager’s professional competences creation. Volkov D., Leevik Yu., Nikulin E. Financial Accounting. - St. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 519 p. The textbook provides theoretical and practical foundations of financial accounting. It exposes the principle of accounting, gives the characteristics of major forms of financial reporting, and considers the issues of financial reporting elements and organization operations accountability. The major attention is paid to the conceptual aspects of accounting, and alternative options of company’s accounting policy are analyzed. The book provides wide methodological material which includes a set of test assignments and calculation exercises in each chapter. Sokolov M., Maslova S. Public – Private Partnership: GSOM SPbU Cases CollectionSt. Petersburg: Publishing Centre “Graduate School of Management”, 2014. – 56 p. The collection contains 4 teaching cases, devoted to problematic issues in the area of preparation and realization of public-private partnership (PPP) projects, and their solutions. The purpose of this book is to promote development of skills connected with identification, analysis and overcoming of challenging situations arising in PPP projects.The book is oriented to the undergraduate students in “Management” and “Public Administration”. Appendices Appendices Appendix 1: The List of Research Areas * Corporate Social Responsibility Evolution of the corporate social responsibility concept Entrepreneurship Life cycle of organization and firm growth Corporate social responsibility and strategic management International entrepreneurship Managing corporate social performance in the organization Intrafirm entrepreneurship Leader: Professor Galina Shirokova, Associate Professor Yury Blagov, e-mail: shirokova@gsom.pu.ru e-mail: blagov@gsom.pu.ru Strategic Marketing and Innovations Relationship marketing Corporate Finance and Corporate Governance Real options and strategies Labour economy Leader: Network approaches in marketing Marketing in high technology industries Transition economy Leaders: Applied microeconometrics Professor Sergey Kushch, Leader: e-mail: kouchtch@gsom.pu.ru Professor Aleksandr Bukhvalov, Associate Professor Maria Smirnova, e-mail: bukhvalov@gsom.pu.ru e-mail: smirnova@gsom.pu.ru International Logistics and Supply Chain Management Simulation of manufacturing processes Methods and models for operational efficiency measuring Strategic Management of the Firm in Global Knowledge Economy Management of scientific and technical and innovation activities Leaders: Operations and industrial management Associate Professor Yury Fedotov, Knowledge management e-mail: fedotov@gsom.pu.ru Associate Professor Konstantin Krotov, e-mail: krootov@gsom.pu.ru Knowledge engineering Intelligent systems Corporate information systems Leaders: Professor Anatoly Kazantsev, e-mail: kazantcev@gsom.pu.ru Professor Tatiana Gavrilova, e-mail: gavrilova@gsom.pu.ru * Main research areas of GSOM SPbU were approved at the meeting of the Academic Council of GSOM SPbU on March 14, 2012 55 Research Book 2014 Appendix 2:Participation of GSOM SPbU Faculty in Journal Editorial Boards * International Journals Faculty member Journal title Category А of the ABS list Muravyev Alexander A. Panibratov Andrey Yu. Shirokova Galina V. Journal of Business Venturing Journal of International Business Studies Research Policy Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Category B of the ABS list Andreeva Tatiana E. Management Learning Blagov Yury E. Journal of Business Ethics Zavyalova Elena K. International Journal of Human Resource Management Latuha Marina O. International Journal of Human Resource Management Journal of Comparative Economics Muravyev Alexander A. World Development Category C of the ABS list Human Resource Development International Andreeva Tatiana E. Journal of Knowledge Management Zavyalova Elena K. Human Resource Development International Kosheleva Sofia V. Human Resource Development International Muravyev Alexander A. Journal of Economic Psychology Panibratov Andrey Yu. Service Industries Journal Category D of the ABS list Andreeva Tatiana E. Journal of Change Management Muravyev Alexander A. Economics of Transition Panibratov Andrey Yu. Journal of East-West Business Other international journals Andreeva Tatiana E. Baltic Journal of Management Baranov Igor N. ICFAI Journal of Public Finance 56 Appendices Blagov Yury E. Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business and Society Bukhvalov Alexander V. Positivity Cherenkov Vitally I. Case Research Journal Churakova Iya Y. Journal of Emerging Issues in Economics, Finance and Banking Gavrilova Tatiana A. International Journal Information Theories & Applications Kazantsev Anatoly K. Foundations of Management Journal of Leadership, Management & Organizational Studies Kosheleva Sofia V. Scientific Journals International Thomson Learning EMEA Latuha Marina O. Decision Science Journal of Innovative Education IZA Journal of Labor Policy Muravyev Alexander A. IZA Journal of Labor and Development Research in Labor Economics Engineering, Construction and Architecture Management Journal Panibratov Andrey Yu. Journal of International Business Education Columbia FDI Profiles International Journal of Organizational Learning and Change The Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research Shirokova Galina V. Journal of Business & Management International Journal of Management and Marketing: An Open Access International Journal Smirnova Maria M. Journal of Innovation Management: The International Journal on Multidisciplinary Approaches on Innovation Yablonsky Sergey A. European Journal of Economics and Management Metabiolica: Ejournal Zagorskiy Andrey L. Przedsiebiorstwo przyszlosci World Packaging News: Ejournal Zenkevich Nikolay A. International Game Theory Review * including the reviewers 57 Research Book 2014 Russian Journals Faculty member Journal title Alkanova Olga N. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Baranov Igor N. Russian Management Journal EJournal of Corporate Finance Berezinets Irina V. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Russian Management Journal Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Blagov Yury E. Russian Management Journal Bukhvalov Alexander V. Russian Management Journal Cherenkov Vitally I. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Drozdova Natalia P. Research of Faculty of Economics of Lomonosov Moscow State University News of Artificial Intelligence Gavrilova Tatiana A. Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Gladkikh Igor V. Russian Management Journal Ilyina Yulia B. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Kazantsev Anatoly K. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics, Informatics, Controlled Processes Medevedev Andrey G. Russian Management Journal Raskov Nikolay V. Mathematic Game Theory and Applications Shirokova Galina V. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Smirnov Marat V. Game Theory and Management Smirnova Maria M. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Starov Sergey A. Organisation of Manufacture Problems of the Modern Economies Zagorskiy Andrey L. Tare and Packaging 58 Appendices Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Zavyalova Elena K. Russian Management Journal Advertising Industry Overview Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Management Series Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Applied Mathematics, Informatics, Controlled Processes Zenkevich Nikolay A. Russian Management Journal Mathematic Game Theory and Applications Game Theory and Management 59 Research Book 2014 60