SP 2008-01 October 2008 Staff Paper Department of Applied Economics and Management Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-7801 USA The Double Eagle Club’s First 50 Years Eddy LaDue and Brent Gloy It is the Policy of Cornell University actively to support equality of educational and employment opportunity. No person shall be denied admission to any educational program or activity or be denied employment on the basis of any legally prohibited discrimination involving, but not limited to, such factors as race, color, creed, religion, national or ethnic origin, sex, age or handicap. The University is committed to the maintenance of affirmative action programs which will assure the continuation of such equality of opportunity. The Double Eagle Club’s First 50 Years By Eddy LaDue and Brent Gloy1 The Double Eagle Club was established as an investment club in 1958. During that year the background work for development of the club was completed and the first investments made. Initial work involved establishing the legal tax position. In a letter to C. D. Kearl, the first treasurer of the Club, dated July 16, 1958, Dominic Mangiaruca, Chief, Office Audit Branch, U.S. Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service stated that “Reference is made to your letter of June 30th relative to a group of fellow workers organizing an investment club to enable such employees to make stock and bond investments. It is the opinion of this office that a club as mentioned in your letter is a non-taxable joint venture; however, each member will be liable for his individual tax in a case of profit and loss and should be reported on his return.” The organizational meeting of the Club was held in Warren Hall on October 7, 1958. A previously distributed draft of the Articles of Agreement were reviewed, modified and formally adopted by the group. Officers were elected (Table 1). It was agreed that “…the first Investment Committee will be selected by the President and Vice President in consultation with J. W. Mellor.” Those present indicated the amount that they would initially invest in the club. The next meeting was called for December 12, 1958. The Articles of agreement indicate that the purpose of the Club is to (1) Educate members in principles and techniques of investment, and (2) Enable members to invest funds mutually. Membership is limited to Cornell Agricultural Economics Professional Staff Members with a minimum appointment of three years. This membership requirement has insured that most of the members of the Club have a Ph.D. in agricultural economics, economics or a related field. The name for the club came from the agreed upon minimum investment of $20, or one Double Eagle. Although the minimum investment was later changed, the name was not. In real terms, adjusted for inflation (CPI), that $20 in 1958 would be equal to $155 in 2008. The first investments were made in December 1958 when the 18 charter members contributed a total of $900 ($6,995 in 2008 dollars). These funds were invested in 10 shares of Eastern Airlines and 10 shares of Winn Dixie Stores. During the first years, four meetings were held per year: February, May, September and November. This was changed in 1963 to six meetings per year in odd numbered months, a practice which has continued to the current time. The January meeting is designated as the annual meeting. For the May 1959 meeting member’s wives were invited to attend as guests. Seven wives attended and one wife (Mrs. K. L. Robinson) was placed on the investment committee for the next meeting. At the next meeting Mrs. Kearl reported as part of the 1 The authors are current members of the Double Eagle Club. The authors would like to thank Bernard Stanton and Joseph Metz for helpful reviews of an earlier draft. investment committee for Mrs. Robinson. Wives continued to attend, though in declining numbers through 1963. It is interesting that the wives were always listed as guests, not members, even though they were allowed to do the work of serving on investment committees. Officers for the Double Eagle Club are elected each January and start serving immediately upon election. The officers for the club since inception are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Officers of the Double Eagle Club, 1958 to 2008 Year 1958 1959 President Robinson Darrah Vice President Brunk Loomis Secretary Metz Metz Treasurer Kearl Kearl 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 Loomis Mellor Story Barker Stanton Sisler How Aplin Forker Casler Mellor Story Barker Stanton Sisler How Aplin Forker Casler Ben David Metz Metz Metz Metz Goodrich Goodrich Goodrich Goodrich Conneman Conneman Kearl Carpenter Baumel Tomek Tomek Tomek Loomis Loomis Loomis Bratton 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Goodrich Conneman Tomek Metz Mapp Brown Boisvert Day Allee Blandford Conneman Tomek Metz Mapp Brown Jacobs Day Allee Blandford LaDue Hedlund Hedlund Hedlund Hedlund LaDue LaDue LaDue Stanton Stanton Stanton Bratton Bratton Bratton Bratton Eiler Eiler Eiler Eiler/Bratton Casler Casler/Metz 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 LaDue Lesser How Bratton Lazarus Tomek Lee Ranney LaDue Lesser How Bratton Lazarus Tomek Lee Ranney LaDue Lesser Stanton Stanton Stanton Stanton Stanton Blandford Blandford Blandford Blandford Metz Metz/LaDue LaDue LaDue LaDue LaDue LaDue Knoblauch Knoblauch 2 Table 1. Officers of the Double Eagle Club, 1958 to 2008 Cont. 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Lesser White Knoblauch Metz De Gorter De Gorter Lee Lee Poe Poe Hagen White Knoblauch Metz de Gorter Forker Lee Poe Poe Hayward Hagan Stanton Tauer Tauer Tauer Tauer White Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Knoblauch Figueroa Figueroa Figueroa Figueroa Forker Forker Forker Forker Forker Forker 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Stanton LaDue Gloy Gloy Casler Casler Herdt Maloney Cuykendall LaDue Gloy Uva Casler Leiponen Herdt Maloney Cuykendall Schmit Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Tomek Cuykendall Cuykendall Cuykendall Cuykendall Cuykendall Cuykendall Cuykendall Stephenson Stephenson Membership New members can join the Club at any meeting. Whenever a new member joins, the club is disbanded and immediately reformed including the new member. Originally, members could leave at any time. This was changed in the late 1970’s to request that withdrawals occur at the November meeting. For tax equity reasons, this was changed in 2001 to require that all withdrawals occur effectively as of the end of the year with notification of intent to withdraw required by the November meeting. Members are allowed to withdraw part of their investment at the end of any year and still remain members. This provides members who need funds for other purposes to remain members and allows long time members the opportunity to reduce their investment to levels more in line with that of newer members. When a member leaves for withdraws funds, the member is paid 98 percent of year-end market value of their Shares in the Club. Equitable treatment of all members when a member leaves the Club has been a difficult issue due to large fluctuations in stock values. In 1974 (for 1973 year end report and henceforth), treasurer Bratton requested permission to not count dividends received in November and December until the following year “to facilitate the apportionment of dividends to members, including those who withdrew at the last meeting of the year.” This issue also led to the 2001 decision to require exit from the club at the end of the year with notice of intent to withdraw due by the November meeting. 3 The membership of the club over the past 50 years is shown in Table 2. Two of the founding members of the Club continue as current members (Metz and Stanton). The average tenure of members is 12.6 years. Two members (Barker and Forker) withdrew from the club and then rejoined some years later. One member (Knoblauch) has withdrawn joined and rejoined the club twice. The distribution of years of membership is shown in Table 3. Table 2. Double Eagle Club Membership 1958 to 2008 Member Name Bratton, Arthur Brunk, Max Carpenter, Kenneth Darrah, Lawrence Earle, Wendel Hedlund, Glenn How, R.Brian Jeffrey, A.D. Kearl, C.Delmar Loomis, Clifton Lutz, Ed Mellor, John Metz, Joe Robinson, Kenneth Smith, Robert S. Stanton, Bernard Story, Robert Wright, Carlton E. Ott, Leland Barker, Ranolph Tobey, John Aplin, Richard Conneman, George Tomek, Bill Goodrich, Dana Baumel, C.P. Brown, Earl Sisler, Daniel Allee, Dave Casler, George Forker, Olan Ben-David S. Bugliari, Joe Number of years a member 27 13 10 7 7 19 35 1 7 17 8 9 51 25 6 51 14 4 2 16 6 13 12 48 14 2 17 10 20 43 37 5 19 Year joined Club 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961 1963 1963 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 4 Year withdrew from Club 1984 1970 1967 1964 1964 1976 1992 1958 1964 1974 1965 1966 1982 1963 1971 1961 1960 1995a 1965 1973 1972 1974 1962 1979 1972 1984 b 1971 1985 Table 2. Double Eagle Club Membership 1958 to 2008 Cont. Eiler, Doyle 7 1971 LaDue, Eddy 38 1971 Mapp, Harry 3 1972 Jacobs, James 4 1972 Boisvert, Richard 27 1973 Lifferth, Dennis 2 1973 Mount, Timothy 1 1974 Day, Lee 13 1975 Blandford, David 14 1976 Lessor, William 12 1978 Knoblauch, Wayne 20 1982 Lazarus, William 7 1982 Lee, David 19 1982 Ranney, Christine 9 1984 White, Jerry 24 1985 Figueroa, E. 10 1987 Willett, Lois 2 1988 Kyle, Steve 2 1988 Tauer, Loren 7 1988 DeGorter, Harry 16 1988 Christy, Ralph 12 1992 Poe, Greg 8 1994 Hayward, Bud 6 1994 Hagen, James 10 1997 Chapman, Duane 8 1999 Cuykendall, Charles 10 1999 Gloy, Brent 10 1999 Meloy,Megan 5 1999 Uva, Win-fe 5 1999 Hawkes, Rod 3 2000 Ng, David 2 2000 Grusenmeyer, David 3 2001 Maloney, Tom 8 2001 Leiponen, Aija 5 2002 Herdt, Robert 6 2003 Barrett, Chris 3 2006 Henehan, Brian 3 2006 Stephenson, Mark 3 2006 Pinstrup-Anderson, P. 2 2007 Schmit, Todd 2 2007 Nicholson, Chuck 1 2008 a Member 1960 through 1967 and1988 through 1995. b Member 1966 through 1984 and since 1991. c Member 1984 through 1993, 1997 through 2003 and for 2008. 5 1977 1974 1975 1999 1974 1974 1987 1989 1989 c 1988 2000 1992 1996 1989 1989 1994 2003 2003 2001 1999 2006 2006 2003 2003 2002 2001 2003 2006 Table 3. Distribution of Years as Members of The Double Eagle Club 1958 to 2008 Years as a member 50 40-49 30-39 20-29 10-19 Under 10 Number of members 2 2 3 6 22 39 The Results The original value of a share in the Double Eagle Club was $20. That, of course, changed as the fortunes of the club changed. In 1999 the Club conducted a 10 for 1 split, giving everyone 10 times as many shares. The changes in the value of shares in the Club are shown in Table 4. For consistency, data for all years are adjusted for the split, resulting in the original value of shares at $2. The returns for the Club also include the reinvestment of any dividends received from stocks in the portfolio. No funds have been withdrawn from the Club accounts except for payments to withdrawing members or members reducing their individual investment. No payments have been made from Club accounts for bi-monthly or annual meetings, staff, supplies or other purposes. Table 4 also compares the Double Eagle Club performance with performance of the Standard and Poors 500 index and the Dow Jones Industrial Average. As expected the performance of the Club is strongly influenced by the fortunes of the general market. The tremendous increase in 1999 resulted primarily from the ownership of one stock, QualCom. After our January purchase of an additional 100 shares (a wise purchase!) the Club’s total investment was $14,089. By the end of December, the value of this holding had increased in value to $211,500 (Table 9). A significant part of the decline in the value of Club shares from 2000 to 2002 were the result of price declines in QualCom as the bubble burst. Table 4. Value of Shares and Number of Shares Double Eagle Club, 1958 through 2008 Year 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 Number of Shares 45.00 136.07 229.76 322.84 442.84 Value per Share ($) 2.00 2.53 2.22 2.53 1.97 6 DE Annual % change % change in S&P 500a % change in DJIAb 27 -12 14 -22 0 11 11 -4 5 4 8 -2 Table 4. Value of Shares and Number of Shares Double Eagle Club, 1958 through 2008 Cont. Year Number of Shares Value per Share ($) DE Annual % change % change in S&P 500a % change in DJIAb 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 522.50 611.35 671.72 747.95 739.12 830.00 893.69 793.40 701.49 710.99 631.13 675.21 687.81 629.06 663.05 707.44 694.51 723.26 746.30 708.85 730.62 504.04 477.49 492.61 459.75 478.68 486.09 461.88 478.80 493.22 459.23 459.58 464.94 334.16 325.63 332.78 3251.06 2856.32 2754.03 2627.20 2.24 2.14 3.10 2.69 4.41 4.94 4.77 3.69 3.94 4.75 3.83 2.77 2.79 3.49 3.31 3.82 4.51 7.25 8.67 10.12 11.99 12.15 13.85 16.70 15.63 15.96 18.99 17.27 19.03 18.32 19.35 19.57 25.69 31.42 37.05 43.04 116.74 69.39 62.03 40.24 14 -4 45 -13 64 12 -3 -23 7 21 -19 -28 1 25 -5 15 18 61 20 17 19 1 14 21 -6 2 19 -9 10 -4 6 1 31 22 18 16 171 -41 -11 -35 16 14 6 -7 7 12 -17 13 8 12 -17 -20 31 1 -13 12 14 13 -7 21 12 10 18 29 -6 16 11 5 19 7 10 -2 35 24 25 31 9 -2 -17 -24 15 15 9 -14 1 11 -21 17 4 11 -14 -18 39 -2 -19 9 4 8 -8 23 13 5 22 37 -9 20 11 6 18 3 20 -3 40 26 16 18 17 0 -9 -19 7 Table 4. Value of Shares and Number of Shares Double Eagle Club, 1958 through 2008 Cont. Year Number of Shares Value per Share ($) DE Annual % change % change in S&P 500a 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 June 2008 2629.34 58.59 46 32 2535.31 67.59 15 4 2592.38 80.12 19 8 2650.05 82.78 3 12 2623.14 115.56 40 -4 2651.52 119.42 3 -8 Simple average 12.2 7.7 Compound rate 8.6 6.8 First 40 years simple average 9.7 9.0 First 40 years compound rate 8.0 8.2 a Standard and Poors 500 index. Price adjusted for dividends and splits. b Dow Jones Industrial Index. Price adjusted for dividends and splits % change in DJIAb 30 0 4 16 0 -10 7.5 6.4 8.2 7.1 Over the past 50 years Double Eagle has significantly outperformed the market. The compound rate of growth averaged about two percent higher over the entire period. A large proportion of the superior performance has occurred in the last 10 years. Over the first 40 years, Double Eagle performance was similar to or slightly above the market (Table 4). During the past few years, the Club has been lucky or astute enough to have a heavy weighting of energy stocks and little investment in financial stocks along with a few good selections. A dollar invested in Double Eagle in 1958 would be worth about $60 today (Chart 1). Adjusted for inflation, today’s $60 would be worth about $7.72 in 1958 dollars, so there has been significant real growth. This chart also shows the substantial impact of the internet bubble of the late 1990’s on the club as well as the major market indices. Individual Stock Investments Throughout the 50-year period an investment committee has reported at each meeting on the performance of owned stocks and recommendations for purchase and sale. During the first few years, the number of shares of any stock purchased was quite small, due to the amount available to invest and the relative price of stocks (Table 8). Purchases of 4 to 15 shares of a stock were numerous. From 1958 to 1970 the purchase of 100 or more shares at one time occurred only five times. After 1980, purchases of 100 or more shares became common, spurred during part of that time by the lower commissions on round lot (multiples of 100 shares) purchases. 8 Double Eagle S&P 500 DJIA Value of 1$ Invested in 1958 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 1 95 8 1 96 0 1 96 2 1 96 4 1 96 6 1 96 8 1 97 0 1 97 2 1 97 4 1 97 6 1 97 8 1 98 0 1 98 2 1 98 4 1 98 6 1 98 8 1 99 0 1 99 2 1 99 4 1 99 6 1 99 8 2 00 0 2 00 2 2 00 4 2 00 Jun 6 e2 0 08 0 Year Chart 1. Double Eagle Club Comparative Perforamance, Value of $1 Invested in 1958. The number of stocks owned by the Club at one time started out at two, but was up to 10 by 1964. It peaked at 17 in 1966. By 1968 the number was down to 10 to 12 and stayed near that range for the next 30 years. However, since 2000 the number has tended to creep up, in spite of numerous investment committee suggestions that the number be controlled, to the current holding of nearly 20 different stocks. Over the 50 years from 1958 to 2008 the Club made 300 different investments in stocks, where an investment includes the initial investment in a stock, possible additional purchases and sale at one or more times until the club no longer owns any of that stock. This involved slightly less than 300 different stocks, since the Club invested in the a few stocks more than once over the 50-year period. Examples include Morrell and Tompkins Trust Company. Only 43 percent of the stocks purchased resulted in a gain. Of the 300 stocks purchased, 170 resulted in losses, that were often small, and 130 resulted in gains, some of which were quite sizeable. The Club frequently confirmed earlier decisions by purchasing additional shares of stocks that it already owned. This occurred with about 30 percent of the stocks (89 stocks) owned. Some stocks, like Fairchild Camera and Taylor Wine, were purchased 9 several times. The success rate on such stocks was somewhat better than the average for stocks where additional purchases were not made. Fifty-two percent of these stocks (46 stocks) resulted in a gain while only 40 percent of stocks (84 of 211 stocks) without added purchases resulted in gains. Large gains have been achieved with a few stocks (Table 5). The over $125,000 gain from ownership of Qualcom (see Table 9 for details) has had a significant influence on the Club’s value, which is now slightly under $300,000. This might lead to the charge that the Club’s good return has been the result of a lucky pick of one stock. However, one could counter that one excellent pick in 50 years could be expected. Table 5. Ten Stocks With the Largest Gains Year of Stock Purchase Year of Sale Gain Qualcomm Inc. 1998 a 125,612 Browning Ferris 1979 1991 32,623 General Electric 1991 a 31,246 Intuitive Surgical 2006 a 28,363 Coca Cola Co. 1990 1999 22,479 Harris Corp. 2001 a 20,976 Potash Corp Sask. Inc. 2007 a 17,366 General Growth Prop. 2003 2007 15,233 Petrochina Company 2002 2006 14,645 Gillette 1995 1998 13,176 a Stock is still owned and gain includes unrealized gain on current investment. Fortunately, the Club has been able to keep the big losses smaller in absolute value than the gains (Table 6). The large losses have been kept under $10,000 and only nine have exceeded $4,000. Table 6. Ten Stocks With the Largest Losses Stock Phone.Com Inc./ Openwave Systems Home Nutr.Svcs. Safeguard Scientifics Inc I 2 Technologies Zila Inc. IBM Broderbund Software Inc Microsoft Corp. Syntex Corp. Ectel Ltd. Year of Purchase 2000 1992 2000 2000 2000 2000 1995 1999 1991 2000 10 Year of Sale 2001 1993 2001 2001 2007 2002 1996 2002 1993 2001 Loss -9,803 -6,995 -6,930 -6,891 -5,398 -5,260 -4,654 -4,096 -4,011 -3,930 Some decades during the past 50 years have been much better for the club than others (Table 7). If it were not for dividends, the Club would have been better off not investing during the 1969-1978 decade. Although the gain in the first decade of the Club’s existence seems quite low, when it is adjusted for inflation, performance during that decade was better than the most recent decade. Of course, the gain in the 1989-98 decade is strongly influence by the purchase of Qualcomm in 1998. Table 7. Average Gain per Stock Held by Decade Decade Number of Stock Investments Average Gain or Loss ($) Average Gain or loss adjusted for inflation ($) a Number of Losers 1,568 -148 1,479 3,644 1,116 29 30 39 39 33 1958-1968 49 261 1969-1978 54 -37 1979-1988 67 804 1989-1998 64 2,874 1999-2008 66 1,116 a Adjusted to mid last decade (2003) values. Number of Gainers 20 24 28 25 33 Summary The Double Eagle Club Started in 1958 with 18 members. All were members of the faculty and professional staff of the Department of Agricultural Economics at Cornell University. The club has had 74 different members during the 50-year period. Two of the founding members are still members of the club. Investments have been evaluated and recommended by an investment committee at each bi-monthly meeting. The number of different stocks started at two and has increased erratically to nearly 20 stocks at the current time. During the 50-year period the compound rate of return of the Club has averaged about 2 percent above that of the market as indicated by the S&P 500 and the Dow Jones Industrial Average. Individual stock performance has varied widely. The best stock has resulted in a gain of $125,000 while the biggest loser resulted in a loss of under $10,000. The average stock purchased during the 1969-78 decade resulted in a loss while the best performance occurred for stocks purchased during the 1989-98 decade. 11 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Stock Name Eastern Airlines Winn Dixie Ashland Oil Admiral Corp. John Morrell Mexican Power and Light Lone Star Cement Fedders Corporation Howe Sound Wilson and Company Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first a chased? purchased Year last sold Gain or lossb 1958 1958 1959 1959 1959 1959 1960 1959 1960 1960 1959 1961 -110 1 -4 25 413 -82 10 10 15 14 18 15 353 429 312 252 507 202 15 34 40 31 488 619 828 1,175 yes yes 1959 1959 1960 1960 1965 1965 1962 1965 -412 284 -149 413 Fairchild Camera John Morrell El Paso Natural gas Bobbie Brooks American Airlines Gillette Company Bristol Myers Liggett and Myers Tobacco Frito Lay/Pepsico. Inc. Swift and Co. 8 14 26 35 45 47 6 4 1,206 495 yes yes 796 1039 1,524 681 299 yes yes 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1966 1964 1965 1967 1963 1964 1969 1966 3,092 -263 -106 -149 -133 -142 1,451 -192 15 16 609 809 1964 1964 1966 1967 6 -4 Telephone Services co. of Ohio Family Finance Ford Motor Penn Fruit Co. Cenco Instruments Taylor Wine Grand Union Union Carbide Borroughs Corp Spencer Packing 76 1,734 1964 1965 599 26 12 100 38 40 32 20 40 60 744 673 903 1,286 1,047 910 1,374 1,540 1,469 1964 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965 1966 1967 1968 1967 1972 1967 1968 1967 1967 -100 -161 905 470 6,534 279 -363 4,404 -474 Iowa Beef Packers VSI Corporation 25 50 1,623 1,236 1966 1966 1967 1967 -579 1,555 12 yes yes yes yes Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 1 Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased Royal Dutch Petroleum Chemetron Corp. Archer Daniels Midland Rayette-Fabrege Stauffer Chemical Co. Bemis co. Marriott Hot-Shoppes Aetna Life Ins. Co. 14 38 16 585 2,049 676 1966 1966 1966 Year last sold 1967 1968 1967 32 40 55 52 50 1,108 1,818 2,137 1,845 2,368 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967 1696 1971 1968 1968 584 -380 -703 1,385 -1,449 Electric Computer Program Inst. Planning Research American Tel and Tel First Penn. Bank and Trust Texas Gulf Sulphur American Pipe and Construction/Ameron Standard Oil of New Jersey Gulf and Western Ind. Westvaco Corp. Alaska Interstate 30 1,509 1968 1968 -625 40 60 50 1,509 3,047 2,021 yes 1968 1968 1968 1972 1971 1974 -311 -195 781 82 130 3,612 2,771 yes yes 1968 1968 1971 1970 -2,452 -282 30 2,394 yes 1968 1970 -365 52 100 50 2,735 3,675 1,564 1968 1969 1969 1969 1970 1971 -1,536 -1,273 -693 100 25 954 1,182 1969 1969 1970 1973 -693 -873 40 1,146 1996 1970 -267 35 55 18 100 65 200 1,821 1,012 1,195 1,787 1,591 2,528 1970 1970 1970 1970 1971 1971 1971 1974 1978 1972 1974 1973 199 -742 -1,108 -1,479 -2,429 130 1969 1974 6 1971 1973 -905 Stock Name Bermec Kentucky Fried Chicken/Heublein MacAndrews and Forbes Co. Upjohn Co. Teledyne, Inc. Eastman Kodak Capital Industries, Inc. City Investing Heitman Mortgage Investors Madison Square Gardenc Simon and Schuster 8 200 yes yes yes yes yes Yes c 1,138 13 Yes Gain or lossb -113 -619 21 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 2 Stock Name International Food Service Marriott Corporation Rorer-Amchem Armstrong Rubber Syntex VCA Corporation Hormel & Co. Airco, Inc. Deere & Co. W.R.Grace and Co. Tesoro Petroleum Seaboard Coast Lines Inds. Ford Motor Corp. Mead Corp. Philip A. Hunt Chemical UniTek Consyne Corp. Burlington Northern Pneumo Corp. Uarco Inc. IBM Reynolds Metals Crane Co. Eastern Gas & Fuel Assoc. Marathon Manufacturing George A. Hormel Iowa Beef Processors Zurn Industries Cone Mills Envirotech Corp. Maryland Cup Rubbermaid Inc American Airlines Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased Year last sold Gain or lossb 100 2,471 1971 1973 -1,266 20 45 42 23 200 100 100 10 65 20 55 1,154 1,606 1,814 2,002 4,322 1,962 1,772 461 1,664 706 1,431 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972 1973 1973 1973 1973 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1973 1973 1974 1976 1975 1975 220 -164 -880 451 -2,654 -427 -336 -797 335 -921 -463 45 100 54 2,546 1,839 976 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 -1,097 -490 -226 100 65 100 100 30 8 35 31 46 1,433 495 1,373 556 614 1,348 574 1,196 2,015 1974 1974 1974 1974 1974 1974 1975 1975 1975 1976 1974 1977 1975 1976 1980 1975 1975 1,613 -263 601 496 16 -500 127 152 185 300 3,345 1975 1976 -1,027 115 72 155 46 50 135 100 140 2,096 1,721 1,499 1,904 1,446 3,132 2,489 2,086 1975 1975 1975 1976 1976 1976 1976 1977 1976 1976 1981 1976 1978 1979 1979 1979 391 469 2,325 136 -95 982 175 -804 14 yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 3 Stock Name Louisiana Land&Explo. Doyle Dane Bernbach Metpath, Inc Genisco Technology Hospital Corp of America Int’l Flavor & Fragrances Johnson Controls Data General Corp. George A Hormel Texaco Browning Ferris Intersil, Inc Pentair Industries Ampex Savin Corp. Englehard Mineral & Chemical/ Philbro Shared Medical Systems Santa Fe (Int’l or Ind.) Bergen Brunswig Conoco, Inc Citicorp Viacom Int. First City BC Texas Boeing Co. Chrysler Corp. MCI Comm Gelman Science Bally Mfg. Dow Jones Commerce Clearing Nike Inc. Class B Medtronic Inc. Commodore Int’l Philips Industries IBM Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased Gain or lossb 1977 Year last sold 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1978 1979 1979 1983 -125 1,044 984 10,249 68 1,894 18 100 100 100 369 1,893 174 2,629 Yes 79 1,737 Yes 1978 1980 -620 43 41 19 100 100 200 100 100 200 100 1,188 2,408 467 2,578 1,220 3,174 2,045 2,515 3,022 2,874 Yes 1978 1978 1978 1979 1979 1979 1979 1980 1980 1980 1979 1979 1979 1980 1991 1979 1980 1981 1980 1981 -442 63 732 1,391 32,623 3032 -491 691 -280 800 100 1,821 1980 1982 1,069 100 200 100 100 50 100 100 200 100 200 100 100 100 100 100 150 100 40 4,278 4,977 6,793 2,406 2,739 3,250 2,998 1,389 2,113 2,599 3,010 4,637 4,889 2,708 4,208 8,958 2,746 4,739 1980 1980 1980 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981 1982 1982 1982 1982 1982 1983 1983 1982 1983 1981 1981 1982 1983 1982 1982 1983 1982 1982 1985 1983 1983 1982 1984 1984 1986 3,913 9,183 -1,417 123 -1,436 -1,909 -986 536 6,403 -821 -109 3,780 2,266 735 -266 2,757 439 2,068 15 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes -278 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 4 Stock Name James River Advest Coleman Ransburg Eastman Kodak Caesars World Manor Care Tacoma Boatbuild. Ungermann Bass Dysan Corp. Daisy Systems Exxon Corp. Equatorial Comm. Coherent Inc. Kulicke and Soffa Compression Labs American Motors J. P. Morgan Charter Medical Wachovia Corp. Maxicare Health Guest Supply National Education Meditrust Ryland Group Worthington Industries Heinz, H. J. Liz Clayborne Millipore Corp. Chi Chi Trans World Air Curtice Burns Seagate Tech. Inland Steel USG Corp. Masco Corp. Worthington Sands Regent Apple Computer Initial purchase No. shares Cost 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 100 200 100 100 100 50 150 100 500 500 50 200 75 300 50 100 100 100 150 100 100 200 200 200 45 100 100 100 100 100 300 100 More purYear first chased?a purchased 4,360 2,746 4,335 2,532 6,951 2,726 3,994 1,228 3,061 2,418 2,468 4,379 1,029 3,412 2,638 2,769 1,885 2,626 5,847 2,780 5,955 892 1,980 2,499 4,127 4,305 4,013 3,761 5,541 1,472 4,784 1,886 4,452 3,206 3,420 3,446 2,363 3,024 4,350 16 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986 1987 1987 1987 1987 1987 1987 1987 1987 1988 Year last sold Gain or lossb 1985 1984 1984 1984 1984 1984 1988 1984 1985 1984 1985 1984 1985 1986 1985 1987 1986 1988 1986 1987 1987 1987 1990 1989 1987 1990 1993 1988 1989 1987 1987 1988 1987 1989 1987 1988 1988 1988 1989 200 -1,376 -1,622 -644 -206 -431 5,045 -757 -497 -1,884 -19 -108 -575 -778 -1,471 -663 -699 679 -2,147 267 -1,841 -1,902 -1,208 -74 386 476 5,918 -1,598 782 -21 -1,307 -292 -2,252 737 -715 -921 -425 -323 -468 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 5 Stock Name Nordson Corp Wausau Paper Arctic Alaska Fisheries Laidlaw Trans. Huntingdon Intl. Reuters Holdings N. E. Critical Care Air Canada Pegasus Gold Stride Rite N. C. National Bank Candela Laser Co. Biogen Inc. Minnesota M & M Coca Cola Co. Disney Walt Co. Bird Corporation Fluor Corp. Daniel Industries Syntex Corp. General Electric Bank of Boston Bank One Corp. Forest Labs Universal Foods Home Nutr.Svcs. Amgen GTE Copr. Wal-Mart Stores Hong Kong Telephone Idexx Labs Inc. Value Health Abbott Labs Inc. Hi-Shear Industries Telefonica de Espana Bank of East Asia Ltd. Senetek Integrated Device Tech. Airborne Freight Corp. Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased 100 100 300 400 100 100 100 300 100 100 100 200 100 100 50 50 200 100 200 200 100 100 100 100 100 200 100 100 200 100 100 100 100 400 100 500 500 100 3,811 3,635 2,697 6,119 3,564 3,892 3,025 3,308 997 2,618 4,801 3,174 1,896 8,370 4,728 6,528 2,925 4,955 4,741 8,075 7,210 1,088 4,450 3,441 3,857 4,994 5,935 3,442 6,888 4,942 4,096 3,233 4,677 2,079 4,159 2,152 2,373 2,809 100 2,822 17 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes yes Yes Yes Yes Gain or lossb 1988 1988 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1992 1992 1992 1993 1993 1993 1993 1993 1993 1994 1994 1994 1994 Year last sold 1989 1990 1989 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991 1990 1990 1990 1992 1990 1993 1999 1990 1992 1992 1991 1993 e 1992 1994 1992 1993 1993 1995 1993 1994 1995 1995 1995 1999 1994 1994 1994 1997 1996 1994 1995 -700 1,011 1,525 111 -2,493 1,811 -109 4,943 -1,430 -503 -186 -944 -992 398 2,200 22,479 -2,166 -695 -1,002 -2,189 -4,011 31,246 368 -646 349 -473 -6,995 2,426 482 -2,156 798 5,819 -14 7,940 187 -329 -316 -940 -1,147 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 6 Stock Name R.G. Barry Corp. Ohio Prestek Inc. Wausau Paper Mills Co. Zila, Inc. Sciclone Pharmaceuticals Broderbund Software Inc Davidson & Associates Gillette Luminart Inc. Oracle Systems Corp. Parametric Technology Southwest Airlines Timken Co. American Studios Inc. Empresas La Moderna Koninklijke Ahold Royal Caribbean Cruises Aasche Transport. Serv. Intel Corp. Monsanto Co. Raymond James Financ. Thermedics Inc. B.J. S. Wholesale Club Philadelphia Suburban Qualcomm Inc. Solutia Inc. Tompkins Trust Co. Walt Disney Co Holding Bristol Myers Squibb Co Microsoft Corp. Ethan Allen Interiors Inc Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased Gain or lossb 1994 1994 1994 Year last sold 1995 1996 1995 1994 1994 1999 1995 767 -75 100 100 200 2,013 4,475 4,791 600 400 2,501 2,635 100 7,738 1995 1996 -4,654 100 100 1000 100 100 200 100 1000 100 100 100 3,620 7,334 4,510 3,368 4,377 5,400 4,529 1,871 1,866 6,388 4,377 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995 1996 1996 1966 1997 1996 1998 1995 1998 1999 1996 1996 1996 1997 2000 2000 -2,024 13,176 -2,665 1,040 -1,425 -993 -814 -670 80 2,019 6,416 400 2,285 1997 1997 -931 100 100 200 15,563 4,478 7,144 1997 1997 1997 2005 1999 1999 3,320 -251 -1,280 200 100 200 93 100 100 200 3,811 3,961 5,262 5,177 2,838 3,999 7,119 Yes Yes 1997 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998 1999 1998 1993 1999 e 1998 1999 2001 -617 -3,864 -843 125,612 -407 -1,516 870 100 7,051 Yes 1999 2000 -1,433 100 100 9,526 2,877 1999 1999 2002 2000 -4,096 -273 18 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 736 4,738 212 Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 7 Stock Name Initial purchase No. shares Cost Emerson Electric 100 Phone.Com Inc./ 100 Openwave Systems Minimed Inc. 100 Safeguard Scientifics 200 Inc Zila Inc. 1000 Ectel Ltd. 300 IBM 100 I 2 Technologies 50 Motorola Inc. 100 Calpine Corp. 100 Lincare Holdings 200 Harris Corp. 200 Nabors Inds Inc. 100 Pfizer Inc. 200 Petrochina Company 100 Twin City Financial 100 Zions Bancorp 100 El Paso Corp. 300 Emcor Group Inc. 100 Valmont Inds Inc. 200 Cognizant Tech Sol 100 General Growth Prop. 100 Invision Tech 100 Planer Systems 200 Utstarcom 100 British Petroleum 100 Microsoft Corp. 100 Teva Pharmaceutical 100 Align Technology 200 Tele Nordeste Cell / 200 TIM Participacoes SA Chevron Texaco Corp. 50 Tompkins Trust Co. 100 Briggs & Stratton 100 Peabody Energy 100 Patriot Coal Corp 40 Lucent Technology Inc. 1000 Coca Cola Hellenic 200 More purYear first chased?a purchased 5,776 12,963 Gain or lossb 1999 2000 Year last sold d 2001 3,584 -9,803 8,338 8,302 Yes 2000 2000 2001 2001 -1,247 -6,930 4,827 6,615 12,577 9,095 2,209 5,415 6,287 6,431 2,299 7,379 1,957 4,628 4,979 4,758 4,905 4,099 6,537 5,826 2,604 4,282 3,254 4,838 2,561 6,395 3,748 4,615 Yes 2000 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 2007 2001 2002 2001 2001 2003 2003 e 2007 2004 2006 2003 2007 2002 2004 2003 2003 2007 2003 2004 2004 2007 2005 2007 2004 2004 -5,398 -3,930 -5,260 -6,891 -725 -2,274 916 20,976 1,632 -605 14,645 695 3,795 -1,178 -712 54 -1,207 15,233 224 -1,841 -1,367 1,291 -213 2,400 -1,613 778 2004 2004 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2006 2005 d d 2006 d 651 545 -446 10,787 3,832 -302 1,613 5,017 4,875 3,880 5,474 343 3,131 5,845 19 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 8. Gain or Loss on Stocks Purchased, 1958 through 2008 Cont. 8 Stock Name Mahanager Tel Nagam Checkpoint Systems Energy East Intuitive Surgical General Maritime Billion Ltd. Toyota Motors Burlington Northern SF United Parcel Service Xyratex Ltd. Chesapeake Energy Potash Corp Sask. Inc. Trimble Nav. Ltd. Rogers Communications AT&T Titanium Metals Corp. Core Laboratories BE Aerospace Inc. Novo Nordisk First Solar Inc. CSX Corporation Neogen Corp. Syngenta Ag Canadian Nat’l Railway Western Union Initial purchase No. shares Cost More purYear first chased?a purchased 500 200 200 100 200 200 200 100 100 200 200 150 200 150 3,406 4,631 4,917 8,864 6,965 8,683 21,233 7,725 7,541 4,369 5,575 7,850 5,251 4,775 200 200 100 200 200 50 200 400 300 100 7,833 6,844 11,500 7,855 12,634 11,318 13205.87 10,131 17,234 4,700 200 4,788 a Yes Yes Year last sold Gain or lossb 2005 2005 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2006 2006 2006 e 2006 2007 2008 d 2007 2007 d e d d -67 -1,014 -178 28,363 94 -886 91 3,015 -100 -1,372 5,420 17,366 1,519 652 2007 2007 2007 2007 2007 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 2008 d d d d 2008 d d d 153 -2,293 914 -3,065 -1,522 810 -1477 297 -1,130 553 2008 d 736 Excludes stock splits, stock dividends and part-share purchases. Excludes dividends. c Received in exchange for 3 shares of Transmation Development Corporation which was formerly Gulf and Western Land and Development Company a spin off from Gulf and Western which had no value at the time of the spin off. d Stock still owned. Gain or loss represents unrealized gain or loss as of August 31, 2008. e Stock still owned. Gain or loss includes unrealized gain of loss as of August 31, 2008 or $8,837 for General Electric, $18,320for Harris Corp., $18,405 for Intuitive Surgical, $9,510 and $9,820 for Qualcomm. b 20 Table 9. The Anatomy of an Auspicious Investment Our Experience with Qualcomm Year Action 1998 January purchase 93 shares for $5,176.56 1999 January purchase of 100 shares for $6,062.66 May stock split 2 for 1 November sale of 86 shares December stock split 4 for 1 2000 January sale of 200 shares May sale of 200 shares July sale of 300 shares 2001 May sale of 100 shares 2002 2003 2004 2005 January sale of 100 shares November sale of 100 shares 2006 September sale of 200 shares 2007 2008 March sale of 200 shares Unrealized gain on shares held August 31, 2008 Total Gain Shares Owned Amount Received Gain 93 193 386 300 1200 1000 800 500 400 400 400 800 700 600 400 400 200 200 21 Year End Stock Value 4,819 14,913.01 12,519.63 211,500 30,149.45 31,846.48 18,509.43 6,084.84 28,757.67 30,454.70 16,235.93 5,327.01 4,234.91 4,587.85 7,460.82 3,879.99 4,232.93 6,750.99 7,825.40 7,115.57 9,820.17 125,612.19 41,094 20,200 14,556 21,572 33,920 25,848 15,116 15,740 10,530