Integumentary System
Skin Disorders and Diseases
Contact Dermatitis (p 172)
• Inflammation of the
skin
• Immune induced or
irritating substance
Laundry Detergent reaction
Pituitary Tumors
• Abnormal skin
pigmentation
• Deep bronze tan
• Increase secretion of
MSH: melanocytestimulating
hormones
Jaundice
• Abnormal Skin pigmentation
• Excess bilirubin in the blood.
(Bilirubin is produced by the
normal breakdown of red blood
cells. Normally bilirubin passes
through the liver and is excreted
as bile through the intestines)i
• Jaundice occurs when bilirubin
builds up faster than the liver
can break it down and pass it
from the body.
• Vitiglio:
– loss of melanocytes
– loss of color
Decubitus Ulcers
• Bed sores
• Occurs from pressure
on superficial blood
vessels
• Lack of circulation
kills epidermal cells
(p172)
Baldness
• Androgenic alopecia
– Associated with
testosterone
• Alopcecia areata
– Blood makes
antibodies that attack
hair follicles
• Causes: estrogen
levels, medicines, high
fever.
Skin Cancers
• UV radiations causes mutation in the DNA of a
skin cell
• 75% of cancers are skin cancers
• Most common cancers are caused by prolonged
exposure to UV radiation from sunlight
Types of Skin Cancer
• Three major types:
– Basal Cell Carcinoma
• Most common type of skin cancer
• 2/3 of these cancers appear from chronic UV exposure
Skin cancer
– Squamous cell carcinoma
• Frequent in light, pale skin over 40 years old
• Slow growing
• Surgical removal or radiation
Skin Cancer
– Malignant Melanoma
• Arise from melanocytes
• Usually in trunk of body and from a mole
• Hard to treat
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Originates from epithelial cells
Malignant Melanoma
Difficult to treat due to fast growing and invasion of deep tissues
Risk increases with short, intermittent exposure to high-intensity
sunlight.
Do you have Moles?
Watch SUN Exposure!
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A-asymmetry
B-Border
C-Color
D-diameter
• Cyanosis
– Bluish skin tint
– Caused by severe reduction in blood flow or
oxygenation
• Jaundice:
– buildup of bile produced by liver
– yellow color
• Addison’s disease:
– and other diseases of pituitary gland
– skin darkening
• Vitiglio:
– loss of melanocytes
– loss of color