Spatial Distribution, Risk Assessment
and Management of PTS in BeijingTianjin-Bohai Region
Yonglong LU
Environmental management and policy group,
RCEES, CAS
2007-10-19
Major Research Fields
 Ecological risk assessment and control of
regional complex pollution
 Environmental technology innovation policy
 Environmental auditing
 Environmental system modeling & policy
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Research Areas
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Spatial Distribution and Risk of PTS in
Soils of Guanting Reservoir
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Spatial Distribution of PTS in Soils of Guanting Reservoir
Study area and sampling locations
around Guanting reservoir
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Spatial Distribution of HCHs and DDTs in Soils of Guanting Reservoir
Published in Bulletin Environ
Contamin Toxicol
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soils of Guanting Reservoir
Published in Environ Pollut
Heavy Contamination (Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn and As) areas:
Yanghe Reach to Huailai county；
 Pollutant Sources: Industrial wastewater and sewage in upflow of
Yanghe and Zhangjiakou city
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Correlation of heavy metals and environmental parameters
Rotated
Initial
1.2
1.0
1.2
1.0
Pb
.8
.8
Zn
.6
.4
Zn
Cd
.2
.6
Factor 2
Factor 2
Pb
Cd
.4
As NiCr
.2
0.0
As
-.2
NiCr
Cu
0.0
Cu
-.4
.8
.7
.6
.5
.4
.3
.9
Factor 1
1.0
-.2
-.2
0.0
.2
.4
相关性分析
.6
.8
Factor 1
主成分分析
相关性分析
As
Cd
Cr
Cu
Ni
Pb
As
1
Cd
0.74**
1
Cr
0.82**
0.87**
1
Cu
0.60**
0.54**
0.72**
1
Ni
0.79**
0.82**
0.93**
0.71**
1
0.42**
0.17 ns
0.08 ns
0.17 ns
n
s
process
Cd, Zn and Pb: both nautral
0.65**
1
and human activity
a
Zn
Source identification:
• As, Cr, Cu and Ni; natural
0.18
Pb
Zn
0.90**
0.76**
0.60**
0.56**
1 Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Research
0.72**
1.0
Risk Assessment of combined pollutants in soils
surrounding Guanting Reservoir
Environmental risk assessment
--Nemero indicator
Ecological risk assessment
－Hakanson method
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Potential risk assessment of heavy metals in different landuse
E ir
As
Arable land
(n=25)
Orchard land
(n=13)
Bare land
(n=7)
Woodland
(n=6)
Cd
*
Cr
Cu
Ni
Pb
RI
Zn
Mean
9.99
150.48
2.30a
3.73
3.18
1.06
0.99
171.72a
S. D
2.57
34.89
0.61
1.76
1.17
0.42
0.24
40.12
Min.
4.24
106.00
1.33
1.27
1.45
0.39
0.63
117.66
Max.
13.96
240.00
3.79
7.26
5.97
2.23
1.56
272.43
Range
9.72
134.00
2.47
5.99
4.53
1.84
0.92
154.77
Mean
7.14
120.14
1.78b
4.01
2.46
3.42
0.84
139.79b
S. D.
2.59
28.38
0.39
4.08
1.06
8.59
0.36
37.35
Min.
3.92
78.00
1.28
1.00
1.07
0.35
0.42
87.31
Max.
11.25
150.00
2.46
16.34
5.38
32.84
1.83
203.25
Range
7.34
80.00
1.18
15.34
4.32
32.49
1.42
115.94
Mean
8.58
126.57
1.94
2.41
2.63
0.77
0.77
143.69 ab
S. D.
2.20
25.53
0.45
0.94
0.76
0.22
0.21
29.87
Min.
4.71
78.00
1.07
0.78
1.12
0.40
0.39
86.47
Max.
11.08
150.00
2.43
3.43
3.30
1.16
0.97
170.59
Range
6.36
72.00
1.36
2.65
2.18
0.76
0.59
84.47
Mean
8.06
131.00
1.91
2.09
2.48
0.90
0.91
147.37 ab
S. D
2.00
31.72
0.35
0.92
0.75
0.40
0.37
32.41
Min.
5.86
100.00
1.64
0.73
1.83
0.35
0.59
113.64
Max.
10.81
184.00
2.44
3.24
3.88
1.56
1.61
197.28
Range
4.94
84.00
0.79
•E 和RI是Hakanson生态风险指数评价
Published
in Environ
Geochem
2.51
2.04
1.21
1.02
Health
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
83.64
Spatial distribution and trend of complex risk
in industrial area of
Beijing-Tianjin-Bohai Region
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Risk assessment of OCPs in Chemical industrial soils of Beijing
Sampling
G
group
orchard and
vegetable field
N orchard
OCPs production
factory No.1
OCPs production
factory No.2
J farm
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
HCH concentration in topsoils of sampling groups
0.1mg/kg
Max:
3.450
mg/kg
0~0.7603
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
DDT concentration in topsoils of sampling groups
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
OCPs level in deep soils of industrial soils
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Spatial distribution and risk assessment of combined PTS
risk in industrial park of Tianjin
Hangu, 36 samples
Tanggu, 44 samples
Dagang, 24 samples
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Sampling in Northern Beijing and Hebei Province
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
HCH浓度
OCPs exposure in Binhai district , Tianjin
Tianjin
700
600
500
400
本
次
研
究
300
200
100
0
地区
 Heavy contamination of HCH and
DDT
Guangting
Reservoir
India Dumping
site
Poland
industrial
areas
Study area
Tianjin
 point source
300pollution
DDT浓度
250
Guangting
Reservoir
200
150
100
India Dumping
site
50
0
地区
Poland
industrial
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
100%
100%
80%
80%
δ-HCH
γ-HCH
β-HCH
α-HCH
60%
40%
20%
异构体百分比
异构体百分比
OCPs exposure in Binhai district , Tianjin
p,p′-DDT
o,p′-DDT
p,p′-DDD
p,p′-DDE
60%
40%
20%
0%
0%
塘沽
汉沽
大港
塘沽
汉沽
大港
• Light contamination:
Dagang
• Heavy 不同区域HCH分布差异
contamination: Hangu district (HCH), Tanggu(HCH, DDT)
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
200
塘沽
汉沽
大港
∑DDT浓度
∑HCH浓度
不同区域DDT分布差异
150
塘沽
汉沽
大港
100
50
0
区域
区域
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Source of PAHs in Binhai district , Tianjin
2+3/total
4+5+6/total
2+3/total
4+5+6/total
100
percentage(%)
Percentage(%)
100
50
50
0
1
4
7
10
13
16
19
22
25
28
31
34
37
1
a
2+3/total
Percentage(%)
100
0
4
7
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37
b
4+5+6/total
•Tanggu: Burning of Coal
•Dagang and Hangu: Petroleum and burning
50
0
1
3
5
7
9
11 13 15
17 19 21 23 25
27
c
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Risk on human health
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Risk on human health
Investigation to dietary
intake, health, source
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Disease surveyed
1
2
Swirl; headache; impotence;
Hyposmia; decreased orexis;
Becoming thin; language and
audition barrier;
Poor sleep quality; bad memory;
arthrosis and muscle pain;
stomachache;
Constipation; chest distress;
Asthma; hyperkinesia;
Anaesthetization; anaemia
Dermatitis; skin cancer;
lung cancer; pneumonia;
Bronchitis; stomach
cancer; gastroenteritis;
Galactophore cancer;
uterine myoma;
abortion;
Prostate cancer; scrotum
cancer; Infant defects;
Osteoporosis; nephritis;
concretion
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
pollution sources and human health
1
industrial
wastes
sewage
irrigation
chemistry
plant
smelt
factory
power
plant
landfill
2
others
headache
.287(**)
.049
.118(*)
.049
-.016
.279(**)
.145(*)
impotence
.184(**)
.084
.109(*)
-.003
.018
.113(*)
.
hyposmia
.244(**) industrial
.118(*) sewage
.115(*)chemistry
-.053 smelt -.033power
-.037
.
.024 .045 .047
.
language and
dermatitis
.211(**)
audition barrier
skin cancer
decreased orexis
.139(**)
lung cancer
becoming thin
.320(**)
pneumonia
poor sleep quality
.197(**)
stomach cancer
bad memory
.360(**)
gastroenteritis
arthrosis and
Osteoporosis
.112(*)
muscle pain
nephritis
stomachache
.236(**)
Galactophore cancer
chest distress
.124(*)
uterine myoma
anaesthetization
.038
Prostate cancer
anaemia
.026
scrotum cancer
none
.110(*)
concretion
none
wastes
irrigation
plant
factory
plant
landfill
.182(**)
.109(*)
.161(**)
.109(*)
.047
-.046
.126(*)
-.029
.
.152(**)
.156(**)
.157(**)
.103(*)
.045
-.029
.174(**)
.085
.
-.009
.022
-.037
.027
.090
-.063
.098
.074
.063
-.044
.055
.011
.114(*)
.056
.026
.024
.085
.
.029
.041
-.031
.061
.065
.101(*)
.073
.017
.
.
.201(**)
.
-.020
.102(*)
.189(**)
.
.006
.051
.157(**)
.145(*)
-.026
.068
.232(**)
.
.032
.105(*)
.123(*)
.019
.160(**)
.033
.066
.094
-.045
-.007
-.002
.151(**).113(*).086
.376(**)
.095
-.018
.025
.
.003
-.018
-.012
.
.044
.122(*)
.091
.064
-.039
.127(*)
.
-.017
-.039
.025
.
.036
.069
.068
.007
.019
.061
.045
.040
-.009
-.002
.
-.022
.060
-.026
.027
-.026
-.065
.
.004
-.026
.109(*)
.
.174(**)
-.068
.157(**)
.003
.011
-.048
.201(**)
.198(**)
-.016
.066
.
.147(**)
.112(*)
.267(**)
.218(**)
.128(*)
.129(*)
.097
-.018
.
-.018
.111
.
.
-.018
.
.
.100
.074
.126(*)
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
pollutants and human health
organic chlorine
1
aHCH
bHCH
headache
-.064
.021
-.013
-.034
-.005
-.008
.001
-.050
.007
.000
.039
impotence
.022
.025
-.012
-.024
-.006
.000
-.006
.036
.052
.015
-.011
hyposmia
cHCH
dHCH
THCH
PPDDE
2
PPDDD
OPDDT
PPDDT
TDDT
HCB
.025
.035
-.014
.050
-.011
.033
.074
.043
.060
.066
-.016
bHCH
cHCH
dHCH
THCH PPDDE PPDDD OPDDT PPDDT
TDDT
HCB
.064 -.026
.087(*) -.041.007 .093(*)
.014
.059 .029
.086(*) .064.081 .053
.098(*) .059 .075
-.024
.013
-.046
.034
-.014 .022
aHCH
language and
dermatitis
audition barrier
skin cancer
.036
decreased orexis
.003
lung cancer
.028
becoming thin
.048
pneumonia
-.065
poor sleep quality
-.021
stomach cancer
-.011
bad memory
.013
gastroenteritis
-.022
arthrosis and muscle
.020
galactophore
pain
-.018
cancer
stomachache
.053
uterine myoma
-.041
chest distress
-.046
Prostate cancer
-.070
hyperkinesia
.058
scrotum cancer
-.041
anaemia
-.051
abortion
-.094(*)
none
-.023
Infant defects
-.028
none
.008
.009
-.004
.011
-.004
.022
.039
-.055
.040
.054
.028
-.002
.028
-.018
.112(**)
-.023
.105(*)
-.010
-.060
-.107(*)
-.057
-.041
-.073
.017
-.073
-.025
-.008
.020
-.008
-.020
.028
.023
.025
.021
-.002
-.008
-.003
.022
.037
-.010
.037
-.033
-.005
.034
-.008
.031
.074
-.039
.071
-.060
-.066
-.028
-.066
.018
-.064
-.011
-.057
-.002
-.026
.013
-.025
.014
.066
.025
.066
.012
.010
.078
.010
-.057
-.014
-.063
-.018
-.049 -.116(**)
.075 -.109(*)
-.066
-.062
.033
-.062
-.025
.035
-.013
.038
.010
-.019
.055
-.016
-.009
.065
.021
.042
-.020
-.002
-.048
.063
.033
-.011
-.061
.055
-.055
.015
-.032
-.033
-.002
-.013
-.037
-.048
-.016
.020
.049
.019
.052
-.023
.008
-.019
.077
.020
-.022
-.035
.011
-.046
-.012
-.026
-.015
.046
-.029
-.013
-.038
-.036
.009
.052
-.039
-.013
-.065
.061
.039
.021
-.046
.067
-.026
.026
-.046
.025
-.026
-.035
.002
-.012
.008
-.038
.048
.044
.037
.008
.054
.049
-.004
-.015 -.063
.012
.015
-.062
-.049 -.020
.079
.085(*)
.036
.030
.008
.004
-.009
-.030
-.042 -.046
.057
.056
-.049
-.058 -.027
.040
.039
-.013
-.002
.014
.005
-.022
-.049
.010
.077
-.010
-.014
-.062
-.048
.001
-.063
-.064
-.053
-.042
.009
-.028
-.056
-.053
-.049
.035
.055
.033
.023
.016
-.047
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
-.022
.064
.052
-.029
-.016
-.018
.033
-.011
.051
-.023
-.078
pollutants and human health
PAHs
Nap
Ane
Fle
Phe
Ant
Fla
Pyr
Chr
Ilp
Daa
Bgp
PAHS
headache
.082(*)
.135(**)
.041
.005
-.082
.002
-.002
-.018
-.019
-.052
.013
-.015
impotence
-.025
.009
-.007
.008
-.066
.018
.013
.029
.012
-.006
-.020
-.003
hyposmia
.019
-.032
.015
.034
-.001
.053
.050
.038
.045
.002
.036
.031
.119(**)
.062
.071
.102(*)
.023
.143(**)
.143(**)
.127(**)
.137(**)
.086(*)
.111(**)
.139(**)
decreased orexis
-.016
.002
.038
.011
.003
.023
.031
.029
-.011
.025
.022
.009
becoming thin
.022
-.016
.094(*)
.024
-.031
-.015
-.023
-.049
-.033
-.043
-.020
-.018
poor sleep quality
.057
.040
.035
.022
-.070
.060
.056
.044
.047
.006
.044
.039
.091(*)
.013
.072
.031
.046
.040
.008
-.003
-.017
.037
.033
-.090(*)
-.020
-.017
-.024
-.009
-.044
-.047
-.015
-.014
-.015
-.038
-.052
stomachache
-.039
.006
-.014
.002
.004
-.017
-.013
.011
-.026
.019
-.021
-.014
chest distress
-.059
.028
-.088(*)
-.065
-.064
-.040
-.032
-.003
-.013
.015
.013
-.044
Anaesthetization
-.046
-.025
.060
.010
.012
.031
.025
.007
.046
.054
.043
.026
anaemia
.032
-.016
-.001
-.013
-.036
-.002
-.002
-.017
-.025
.029
.040
.006
none
-.050
-.114(**)
-.052
-.032
.060
-.032
-.028
-.016
.017
.022
-.019
-.010
language and
audition barrier
bad memory
arthrosis and muscle pain
.086(*)
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Temporal and Spatial trend and
forecast of Environmental Capacity
surrounding Bohai Region
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Temporal and Spatial trend of quality of Bohai water area
Areas exceeding the Standard for Clean Seawater （km2）
(2001-2005)
Year
Slight
pollution
Light
pollution
Middle
pollution
Heavy
pollution
Total
2001
15 610
1 300
710
1 370
18 990
2002
28 220
2 140
460
1 010
31 830
2003
15 250
3 770
850
1 470
21 340
2004
15 900
5 410
3 030
2 310
26 650
2005
8 990
6 240
2 910
1 750
19 890
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Temporal and Spatial trend of quality of Bohai water area
More than 80％originated from industrial and agricultural discharge ，
Main pollutants: N, P, oil, and COD
Heavy polluted area: bohai Bay, Laizhou Bay, and Liaodong Bay
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Temporal and Spatial trend of capacity of surface water
surrounding Bohai region
Total wastewater
discharge
Total discharge increased,
but the percentage to the
whole country decreased.
90
18.0
80
17.5
70
17.0
60
16.5
50
16.0
40
15.5
比例（％）
排放量（亿吨）
环渤海地区废水排放总量（1995－2005）
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Industrial wastewater
discharge
工业废水排放量
年份
占全国比例
Hebei and Shandong will be the
main contributor to the industrial
wastewater discharge in the near
future.
排放量（106 吨）
废水排放总量
1500
1000
500
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
年份
北京
天津
河北
辽宁
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
山东
Temporal and Spatial trend of capacity of surface water
surrounding Bohai region
Industrial wastewater discharged into the sea
排放量（106 吨）
工业废水直接排入海量
Liaoning is the main
contributor with the ¾ load to
the whole region.
500
400
300
200
100
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
年份
天津
河北
辽宁
北京
6
山东
4
2
0
山东
Industrial wastewater
discharge capacity
-4
Lowest; Liaoning
Highest: Beijing
天津
-2
辽宁
重金属
挥发酚
河北
化学需氧量
石油类
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
氨氮
Temporal and Spatial trend of environmental quality
in key cities
City numbers
Beijing,
Tianjin
2
Hebei
Province
5
Liaoning
Province
6
Shandong
Province
10
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Environmental bearing capacity to Bohai region
Integration to the
capacity
of sea, surface water,
air, and soil
Rank: (19962005)
 Liaoning
 Tianjin
 Beijing
 Hebei
 Shandong
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Environmental bearing capacity forecast to Bohai region
----Scenarios analysis forecast
No measures
Environment and
Economic win-win
policy
2010
2015
2010
2015
2010
2015
Beijing
0.635821
0.653276
0.628072
0.659475
0.643731
0.754388
Tianjin
0.605546
0.633987
0.584586
0.613815
0.607368
0.724676
Hebei
0.558676
0.585339
0.552293
0.579908
0.599543
0.734803
Liaoning
0.563182
0.575723
0.572542
0.581169
0.633845
0.752457
Shandong
0.62
0.639293
0.610314
0.630829
0.614272
0.737885
Strict environmental
policy
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Public Perception, Attitude and
Control of Regional Complex
Pollution
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
End-Users Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior
towards Safe Use of Pesticides
Characteristics of the samples
*District
*Sex
The
knowledge of
local
people
about pesticide
*education background
Farmers’
attitude
and
practice
towards
pesticide
*house person
Farmers’ safe
use
measure
towards
pesticide
*age
Farmers
attitude
towards
pesticide
management
The propositional measures of pesticides management
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
End-Users Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior
towards Safe Use of Pesticides
农户对农药知识的了解途径
电视广播
他人交流
书籍报刊
经验
农户对农药知识的了解程度*
一无所知
了解很少
了解一些
非常了解
农药施用量是否遵从说明书
有虫害时如何处置？
农户对农药慢性长期危害的认识
非常了解
了解很少
了解一些
一无所知
是否采取防护措施？
立即施药
咨询后施
药
请技术员
严格遵从
有时遵从
只按照经验
不采取
偶尔采取
基本采取
Information, instruction and training of pesticide end-users
should be promoted. Occupational safety and health interventions
should involved
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Stakeholders involved
Waste
producer
Administrator
Waste treat
group
Influenced
party
NGOs
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Public perception to PCBs
Know the
local PCBs
pollution
4%
很清楚
知道一些
50%
46%
local PCBs
pollution
extent
不知道
土壤污染
水污染
空气污染
食品污染
固体废物污染
不知道
47%
19%
8%
54%
9%
2%
16%
44%
6%
local PCBs
pollution
source
9%
3%
7%
9%
PCBs正当处置
PCBs不正当处置
工矿企业三废排放
不知道
6%
3%
7%
Perception to related
33%
禁止制造电力设备
regulations
禁止进出口
禁止经销拆卸PCBs设备
5%
变电站/所使用的电力设备
工厂使用的电力设备
PCBs贮存不当
运输
7%
禁止生产
12%
9%
21%
7%
PCBs收录入国家危险废物名录
由专门机构处置
Perception to
health hazard
PCBs应在规定期限内消除
不知道
极其严重
严重
一般
较轻
无污染
不知道
16%
46%
3%
11%
11%
local PCBs
pollution
style
7%
16%
8%
3%
3%
13%
致癌
发育障碍
皮肤疾患
肝脏疾患
危害生殖系统
危害免疫系统
危害神经系统
致畸
不知道
4% 5%
11%
Research Center for Eco-Environmental
Sciences
Public perception to PCBs in contaminated regions
• PCBs awareness was poor
• Higher awareness to skin-deep knowledge at rural areas,
while higher awareness to in-depth knowledge at urban areas
• Perception to local PCBs pollution was influenced by the
governmental actions, time span and location of residence
• Measures to acquire PCBs knowledge were limited
• Measures were limited much more in rural than in urban area
• Poor participation and activities
• Participation was limited by many factors and was difficult to
common public
• Participation varied from region to region, was influenced by
the distance between pollution site and living place,
respondents’ education status and their perception to local
PCBs pollution
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
POPs-related Legal Framework in China
Purpose
Environmental
protection
and pollution prevention
Act
Air Pollution Prevention and
Control Act (1988); Water
Pollution Prevention and Control
Act
(1996);
Solid
Wastes
Pollution Prevention and Control
Act (1996); et al
Regulation
Labor Protection Rule for
the Working Location in
which Noxious Substances
being Used (2001); et al
Provision
Standards
Rule for Safe Use
of Chemicals in
Working Location
(1997); et al
Standard for Detecting HCH and
DDT in Water (GB7492-87);
Standard for Controlling Pollution
by Household Garbage Combustion
(GWKB3- 2000); Standard for
Controlling Pollutants with PCBs
(GB13015-91); et al
Chemicals
management
control
and
There is no special Act of POPs
Regulation
for
Pesticide
Management (2002,
amendment); et al
Regulation
for
Safety
Management of Dangerous
Chemicals(2002,amendment); et
al
Rule for Pesticide
Registration (1982);
Rule for Safe Use of
Pesticide (1982); et
al
Rule for Preventing Electric
Power Equipment and its Wastes
with PCBs from Polluting
Environment (1991); Measure for
Registration and Management of
Dangerous Chemicals(2002);et al
Standard for Safe Use of Pesticide (GB42851989) Standard for Controlling Pollution by
Dangerous Wastes Combustion (GWKB32000); Standard for Transporting and Packing
Dangerous Goods (GB12463-1990); Storage
and Transportation Criteria for Dangerous
Chemicals (GB15603-1995); et al
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Major POPs-related Laws in China
Application
General
Issue
Type
year
Environmental protection Act of 1989(A Act
Basic law
the People Republic of China
mended
)
Regulation
for
Pesticide 1997
Regulation
Comprehensive Management
regulation
Regulation
for
Safety 2002
Regulation
Management of Dangerous
Chemicals
(amended)
Rule for Pesticide
Registration
1982
Provision
Registration
Registration
& import/
export
Import and
export
Title
Rule for Dangerous Chemicals
Registration
Measure for Registration and
Management of Dangerous
Chemicals
Environmental
Management
Regulation on First Imports and
Exports of Chemicals
Temporary Regulation for Strict
Control over Importing Waste
from EU
Agency
Standing Committee of
the People’s Congress
The State Council
The State Council
Ministry of Agriculture
2000
Provision
State Economic and
Trade Commission
State Economic and
Trade Commission
2002
Provision
1994
Provision
State Economic and
Trade Commission
1994
Provision
State Economic and
Trade Commission
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Major POPs-related Laws in China
Application
Title
Rule for Safe Use of Pesticide
Issue
Type
year
1982 Provision
Rule for Safe Use of Chemicals in 1997
Production Working Location
& use
Labor Protection Rule for the 2001
Working Location in which Noxious
Substances being Used
Life-cycle
Transport
Provision
Agency
Ministry
of
Agriculture
Ministry of Labor
and Social Security
Regulation Ministry of Labor
and Social Security
Rule for transport management of 1993
dangerous goods by the roadways
Standard
Ministry
Communication
of
Rule for transport management of 1996
dangerous goods by the railways
Standard
Ministry
Communication
of
Rule for transport management of 1996
dangerous goods by the river-ways
Standard
Ministry
Communication
of
Rule for Preventing Electric Power 1991
Equipment and its Wastes with
PCBs from Polluting Environment
Provision
SEPA
Solid Wastes Pollution Prevention 1996
and Control Act
Act
SEPA
wastes
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Development of POPs policy in China
19731982
Initial stage
19821989
19891996
Development
stage
1996-
Made plan for the gradual
Environmental Protection Act of
phase-out of Organic chlorine People ’ s Republic of China
pesticides
(trial)
Production and use of some
organic chlorine pesticides
were prohibited.
Rule for Safe Use of Pesticide
Signed Basel Convention,
issued some regulations on
PCBs and Pesticides.
Rule for Preventing Electric
Power Equipment and its Waste
with PCBs from Polluting
Environment
Rule for Using Pesticide Properly
Signed The Rotterdam
Regulation
for
Pesticide
Convention in1998 and The Management
Stockholm Convention in
Regulation
for
Safety
2001, enacted laws more
Management
of
Dangerous
specific, detailed and
Chemicals
operational
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Development of POPs Policy in China
in the Context of International Concerns
Laws concerning POPs in Developed Countries
Laws concerning POPs in China
Japan: Chemical Substances Control Law (1973)
China Environmental Protection Plan (1974)
Environmental Protection Act (1979)
International agreements/ conventions
1960s ~
1982
US: 1. Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of 1976
2.Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976
EU:
1. 67/548/EEC, classification, packaging and labeling of
pesticides (1967)
2. 79/831/EEC, classification, packaging and labeling of
dangerous chemicals (1979)
1982~1995
1.International Action Rule on the Sale and
Use of Pesticide (1985, amended in
1989)
2.LONDON Guidelines for the Exchange of
Information on Chemicals in
International Trade (1987, amended
in 1989)
3.The Prior Informed Consent Procedure
was added and implemented in
1989
4.Basel Convention on Controlling
Dangerous Garbage Transfer of
Crossing the Boundary Illegally and
Its Treatment was adopted in 1989
5.Convention on Safe Use of Chemicals in
Working Environment and
Convention Concerning Safety in
the Use of Chemicals at
Work(1990)
6.Agenda 21(1992), chapter 19
US:
1. Emergency Planning & Community Right-To-Know
Act (EPCRA) of 1986
2. EPA worker protection standard (1992)
3. Amendment (1990) to Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970,
4. Amendment (1990) to Clean Water Act (CWA) 0f 1972
Japan:
1.Agricultural Chemicals Laws and Regulations (1984)
2. Amendment to Chemical Substances Control Law
(1986).
EU:
1. 88/1734/EEC, import and export of dangerous
chemicals (1988)
2.92/32/EEC, registration, risk assessment (1992)
3.EEC/793/93, risk assessment of dangerous chemicals
(1993)
1.Statute on Pesticide Registration (1982)
2. Statute on Safe Use of Pesticide (1982)
3.Regulation on Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals (1987)
4.Statute of Preventing the Electric Power Equipment and its Waste
with PCBs from Polluting Environment (1991)
5.Environment Management Rule on Chemical First Import and
Export of Noxious Chemicals (1994)
1995~now
1. UNEP GC 18/32 (1995)
2. The Rotterdam Convention on the Prior
Informed Consent Procedure for
Certain Hazardous Chemicals and
Pesticides in International Trade（
1998）
3.UNEP GC19/13 (1997)
4. UNEP GC20/24 (1999)
5. UNEP GC21/4 (2001)
6. The Stockholm Convention on
Implementing Action on Certain
Persistent Organic Pollutants（
2001）
US:
1. Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
(FIFRA),1996
2. Federal Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 (FQPA)
Japan:
1.Law Concerning Special Measures Against Dioxins（
1999）,
2.Law for the Promotion of Environmentally Sound
Destruction of PCB Waste（2001）
1.
Solid Wastes Pollution Prevention and Control Act
(1995).
2.
Regulations on Management and Control of Chemicals
(1995)
Regulation on Pesticide Management (1997)
Statute on Safe Use of Chemicals in Working Location
(1997)
National Catalogue of Hazardous Wastes (1998)
Statute on Dangerous Chemicals Registration (2000)
Regulation on the Labor Protection for the Working Location
in Which Hazardous Substances Being Used (2002)
Measures on Registration and Management of Dangerous
Chemicals (2002)
Regulation on Pesticide Management, amended in 2001
Regulation on Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals,
amended in 2002
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Suggestion for POPs control in China
• An integrated strategic framework for
POPs management
• Advanced technologies and methods for
POPs prevention and control
• A complete supervision system for
POPs reduction
• Inter-linkage among government, NGOs,
institutes, enterprises and other
stakeholders
• Regional or international collaboration
and exchange
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Suggestion for elevating environmental bearing capacity in Bohai
surrounding regions
• Constructing coordinator organization for sustainable development in
bohai surrounding regions
• Drafting and enacting Environmental protection laws for Bohai
• Promoting economic structure adjustment and pollutants elimination
in key industry
• Strengthening environmental monitoring
• Establishment for forecast, early warning and emerging-response
system for environmental accidents
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Related academic
activities and outcomes
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
3rd International Conference on
Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development
Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
Aug. 4-8, 2006
Major themes
 Ecosystem management and ecological
security
 Resource utilization and sustainable
development
 West development and environmental
rebuilding
 PTS and environmental health policy
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Sino-US Workshop on Science-based Decision Making -Implementing the
Stockholm Convention on POPs
June 7-10, 2004
Beijing, China
POPs exposure, risk reduction and
alternatives
Policy instruments for POPs
management
Linkage between scientists and
decision-makers
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
International co-operation
 Close co-operation with USNAS, Michigen State University, Wagenigen
University, University of Saskatchwen, etc.
 3 Ph.D students co-cultivated with Wagenigen University
 Reviewer invitation of international peer reviewed journals such as
Environ Sci Technol, Ecol Modeling, Chemosphere, J Environ Manag,
Environ Pollut, J Environ Quality, Environ Sci Policy
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Major related publications
Since 2004
 23 SCI papers, 24 papers in Chinese
 Monograph (in English) , published by US NAS press
 More than 20 Presentations, including keynote presentation 10.
 1 national consultation report on environmental bearing
capacity of bohai surrounding region
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Future considerations
• Methodology for ecological risk assessment on regional
Complex Pollution
• Exposure and health effects of regional Complex Pollution
• Environmental management and control measures of regional
Complex Pollution
• Early warning of regional Complex Pollution
• Correlation between pollutants and industrial development
• Behavior, fate and ecological effects of emerging PTS（PFCs）
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences