Appendix I. Comparison of Urban Forests
A commonly asked question is, “How does this city compare to other cities?” Although comparison among cities
should be made with caution as there are many attributes of a city that affect urban forest structure and functions,
summary data are provided from other cities analyzed using the UFORE model.
I. City totals, trees only
City
Calgary, Albertaa
Toronto, Ontarioa*
Atlanta, GAb
London, Ontarioc
New York, NYb
Brampton, Ontarioe*
Baltimore, MDd
Philadelphia, PAb
Mississauga, Ontarioe*
Washington, DCf
Oakville, Ontarioc
Ajax, Ontarioe*
Boston, MAb
Woodbridge, NJg
Minneapolis, MNh
Syracuse, NYd
San Francisco, CAa
Morgantown, WVi
Moorestown, NJg
Jersey City, NJg
Casper, WYa
Freehold, NJg
% Tree
cover
7.2
19.9
36.7
24.7
20.9
15.2
21.0
15.7
19.0
28.6
29.1
18.4
22.3
29.5
26.4
23.1
11.9
35.5
28.0
11.5
8.9
34.4
Number of
trees
11,889,000
10,220,000
9,415,000
4,376,000
5,212,000
3,618,000
2,627,000
2,113,000
2,104,000
1,928,000
1,908,000
1,366,000
1,183,000
986,000
979,000
876,000
668,000
658,000
583,000
136,000
123,000
48,000
Carbon
storage
(tonnes)
404,000
1,108,000
1,220,000
360,000
1,225,000
175,000
542,000
481,000
203,000
477,000
133,000
106,000
290,000
145,000
227,000
157,000
176,000
84,000
106,000
19,000
34,000
18,000
Carbon
sequestration
(tonnes/yr)
19,400
46,700
42,100
12,500
38,400
7,700
14,700
14,600
10,000
14,700
6,000
3,500
9,500
5,000
8,100
4,900
4,600
2,600
3,400
800
1,100
500
Pollution
removal
(tonnes/yr)1
296
1,164
1,509
370
1,521
184
390
522
336
379
172
39
257
191
277
99
128
65
107
37
34
20
Pollution
value Can.
$2
2,946,000
13,093,000
15,266,000
4,481,000
14,793,000
2,050,000
3,904,000
5,188,000
3,761,000
3,573,000
1,776,000
443,000
2,615,000
1,906,000
2,803,000
1,045,000
1,273,000
606,000
1,051,000
365,000
344,000
203,000
II. Per hectare values of tree effects
City
Calgary, Albertaa
Toronto, Ontarioa
Atlanta, GAb
London, Ontarioc
New York, NYb
Brampton, Ontarioe
Baltimore, MDd
Philadelphia, PAb
Mississauga, Ontarioe
Washington, DCf
No. of
trees
(trees/ha)
164.8
160.4
275.8
185.5
65.2
134.3
125.6
61.9
73.1
121.1
Carbon
Storage
(tonnes/ha)
5.6
17.4
35.7
15.3
15.3
6.5
25.9
14.1
7.0
30.0
Carbon
sequestration
(tonnes/ha/yr)
0.3
0.7
1.2
0.5
0.5
0.3
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.9
Pollution
removal
(kg/ha/yr)1
4.1
18.3
44.2
15.7
19.0
6.8
18.6
15.3
11.7
23.8
Pollution value
Can. $/ha2
40.8
205.5
447.2
189.9
185.1
76.1
186.6
151.9
130.6
224.5
Oakville, Ontarioc
Ajax, Ontarioe
Boston, MAb
Woodbridge, NJg
Minneapolis, MNh
Syracuse, NYd
San Francisco, CAa
Morgantown, WVi
Moorestown, NJg
Jersey City, NJg
Casper, WYa
Freehold, NJg
192.9
202.5
82.9
164.4
64.8
134.7
55.7
294.5
153.4
35.5
22.5
94.6
13.4
15.7
20.3
24.2
15.0
24.2
14.7
37.7
27.9
5.0
6.2
35.9
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.8
0.4
1.2
0.9
0.2
0.2
1.0
17.4
5.8
18.0
31.9
18.3
15.2
10.7
29.1
28.1
9.6
6.2
39.6
179.5
65.7
183.1
317.9
185.4
160.7
106.1
271.2
276.5
95.1
62.9
401.0
Pollution removal and values are for carbon monoxide, sulfur and nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matter less than 10
microns (PM10), except for London, Ontario, where estimate includes particulate matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) instead of
PM10.
2 Pollution values updated to 2007 values. Values are given in Canadian dollars (CND = 0.8 USD)
* includes shrub cover in tree cover estimate based on photo-interpretation
1
Data collection group
a City personnel
b ACRT, Inc.
c City personnel, urban boundary of city
d U.S. Forest Service
e Toronto and Region Conservation Authority
f Casey Trees Endowment Fund
g New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
h Davey Resource Group
i West Virginia University