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VEGETA LE GARDEN
By A. G. B. BOUQUET, Horticulturist (Vegetable Crops)
The Victory Garden furnishes an important contribution toward
winning the war by releasing commercially grown vegetables for
fighting forces, and maintaining nutritional fitness on the home front.
Make a garden plan. Adjust the plan on page 4 to supply ainpie
needs of the family for the year, including vegetables used directly
from the garden as well as for preserving and storing. For highest food value include an abundance of tomatoes and green, leafy,
and yellow vegetables.
Prepare the soil. Use five or more wheelbarrow loads of stable
manure, if possible, to the square rod (16+ feet square), apply
poultry and sheep manure in smaller quantities. Spade or plow
under in advance. Strawy manure, especially, should be rotted
under soil before planting season. Cover crops or green manures
may be fall sown and turned under in the spring. Work soil
thoroughly for a fine seedbed.
Broadcast 5 to 8 pounds of Victory Garden complete fertilizer,
6-10-4, per square rod when soil is being prepared in the spring.
Buy seeds or plants. See chart for recommended varieties and
amounts of seed or number of plants for the average garden. Seed
should be sown carefully, as all supplies are needed. Buying
plants of early cabbage, lettuce, tomato, etc., hastens production,
Plant seeds on approximate dates recommended or according to
season and locality in the state.
-5. Give consistent care to the
den. Systematic work in the
garden is essential. Cultivate o
mate weeds and maintain sur
than repay cost.
6. Control insect pests and rodents.
Bulletin
551.)
Oregon State System of Higher Education
Federal Cooperative Extension Service
Oregon State College
Corvallis
Extension Bulletin 614
February 1943
Revised March 1944
tit
' Peas.* Cool weather' crop. Seed early
seedings or use varieties differing in season of maturity. Seed
ments with copper or mercury compounds (Cuprocide, Semesan) ifelp
stand of plants of early seedings, which Can be made after MaTI.
coast counties but not in interior. Side dressings of fertilizer during
dust
spring rains stimulate growth. On first appearance of blossoms
spraying
pod
distortion
by
dusting
or
for control of weevils. Reduce
aphids. Good source of protein, iron, vitamins A and B1.
Peppers. Set out plants when danger of frost is past. Water,
if possible, during dry weather.
sublimate'
Potatoes.t Treat whole potatoes with corrosive
t
to
2 ounces
Cut
pieces
to
weigh
not
less
than
for disease control.
and dust with landplaster. Plant early potatoes from early March
to mid-April, late potatoes from mid-April to June. Planting depth
should be 5 to 6 inches for level cultivation and 4 inches if rows are
vitamins B1, C, and G,
to be ridged. Potatoes contain calcium, iron,
and are especially high in energy value.
seed rot. Make
Spinach. Treat seeds as for peas to prevent
Spinach
is ready to
mid-April.
successive seedings but not after
harvest in about 2 months and can be followed by another vegetable.
(See planting plan.) Valuable in containing vitamins A, C, B1, and
G, and iron. Can be canned,- frozen, or dehydrated.
Squash .t Dust young plants for beetle control. Important
crop for storage. Yellow and orange-fleshed squash are especially
high in vitamin A and valuable for other nutrients.
Rich in vitaTomatoes :1: One of the most essential vegetables.
mins C and A, even after canning. Work forkful of manure well
into hill 2 or 3 weeks before transplanting. Grow early varieties.
Set out well-grown plants after frosts and use commercial fertilizer
high in phosphoric acid. Dust for flea beetle soon after setting out
If space in a
plants. Irrigation will assist in preventing dry rot.
held
up
on
a
support
without
prungarden is limited, plants may be
ing away many of the fruit-bearing laterals. The harvesting season
may be lengthened by gathering the mature green tomatoes before
frost and storing according to suggestions in Extension Bulletin 601,
"Vegetable Storage," and 621 "Tomato Growing."
Turnips and turnip greens are valuable for fall, winter and
early spring use Yellow turnips and turnip greens are high in all
vitamins and minerals. See planting table for details.
Acknowledgement The author acknowledges the assistance
of Miss Lucy A. Case, Extension Nutritionist, in furnishing information concerning the nutritional value of vegetables, also the helpful suggestions of 0. T. McWhorter, Extension Horticulturist, in
formulating the manuscript.
* Cultural details discussed in Oregon Extension Bulletin 594, "Growing
Fall and Early Winter Vegetables."
t Garden insect pests discussed in Oregon Extension Bulletin 551, "Vegetable Insect pest Control."
t Details on storage discussed in Oregon Extension I3ulletin 601, "Vegetable
Storage'
II Organic mercuries (such as Semesan Bel) may be substituted for corrosive sublimate when used strictly according to directions on container.
.3
VEGETABLE CROP PROD
Beans. Successive plantings provide continuous la
Choose bush varieties for quick production and pole 'types for
season. Fertilize the soil well. Apply water alongside rows d
summer and pick clean all pods large enough. Dust early for cont
of twelve-spotted beetle. Valuable for minerals and vitamins.
Beets. See planting chart for growing early as well as fall and
winter roots. Thinnings of plants in rows provide valuable greens
rich in vitamins A and G, phosphorus and iron.
Broccoli, green*. Used chiefly as a fall vegetable. Especially
rich in vitamins A, C, and G, and calcium.
Brussels sprouts.* Grow like late cabbage. Spray or dust for
aphids. Valuable f or hardiness and content of vitamins A, B1, and C.
Cabbage *t Set out early cabbage plants as soon as spring con-
ditions permit. Control maggots by tarred-paper pads or corrosive
sublimate. Lice and green worms must also be controlled. Grow
abundance of late cabbage for winter storage. Rich in vitamin C
and valuable for other vitamins when eaten raw.
Carrots. For early carrots, plant as soon as spring conditions
permit. Make a few successive seedings. Grow an abundance of
late carrots for winter use and storage. Quality is finest when grown
quickly and harvested before becoming woody. Especially high in
vitamin A, valuable for other nutrients.
Cauliflower.* Best grown as a, summer-planted and fall-maturing crop.
Celery.* Important fall vegetable, economical of space. Celeriac or celery root may be grown as substitute.
Chard, Swiss.* Excellent all-season vegetable for greens.
High in vitamin A, calcium, and iron. Space plants 6 inches or
more apart in the row. Protect against twelve-spotted beetle.
Corn, sweett Make successive plantings of one variety, or
plant different varieties that vary in season of maturity. Several
short rows in a rectangle are better than a few long rows. Damage
by earworm can be reduced by dusting silks at 3- to 5-day intervals,
Irrigation improves size and quality and aids fall-maturing crops.
Harvest in milk stage. Corn provides valuable vitamins and minerals and can be canned, frozen, or dehydrated.
Endive. A good substitute for lettuce in summer and fall.
May be bleached yellow by tying heads. Unbleached endive valuable
for vitamins C and G, iron, and calcium.
Kale.* Hardy greens grown as for late cabbage.
Lettuce.* Seed short rows at 10- to 14-day intervals to prevent
waste and prolong usefulness. For earliest head lettuce, set out
plants at same time as early cabbage. Sow seeds of head lettuce
thinly, plants to be 12 to 14 inches apart after thinning. Matures
best in late spring, early summer, and fall. Leaf lettuce is easily
grown and high in vitamin A.
Mustard greens.* Fordhook Fancy is a mild variety with
curled leaves. Sow seed in early spring or on occurrence of first fall
rains Especially rich in vitamins A, C, G, and 111, and iron and
calcium.
-
SUGGESTED PLANTING PLAN FOR A FAMILY OF FIVE
Dates after crops approximate time of seeding Or plant setting in western Oregon.
Row
No.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28 29
30-34
25'
50'
100'
Asparagus
Asparagus (3/15-4/8*)............_ ... .. ... (or Early Potatoes)
(or.. ..... Potatoes)
Rhubarb (3/15-4/1*)
Asparagus
Spinach (3/10-4/15) followed by late Beets (6/15-7/1)
Lettuce (4/1-10*) followed by late Carrots
Lettuce (seed 4/1) followed by late Carrots (5/26-6/10).
Peas (3/10) followed by Celery (6120-*)
Peas (3/25) followed by Green Broccoli (6/25-*)
Peas (4/8) followed by late Cabbage (7/1-15*)
Peas (4/20) followed by late Cabbage (7/10*)
Early Cabbage followed by Lettuce (8/15-)
Early Cabbage (3/25*) followed by Mustard (9/1)
Onions (4/10*) followed by Spinach (8/1-)
Onions (sets 3/15) followed by Turnips (8/10)
Turnips (3/20-)
followed by Mustard (9/1)
followed by fall Spinach (9/1)
Early Carrots (4/10) followed by Brussels Sprouts (7/10-*)
Early Beets (4/10) followed by Kale (6/25-*)
Lettuce in succession (4/10-) followed by Rutabagas (8/15)
Swiss Chard (4/10)
Early Cauliflower and Broccoli (4/25-5/1*) followed by Kohl-rabi (8/15-)
Onions (seed 4/10-15)
Parsnip (4/25*)
Salsify (4/25)
Bush Beans (511)
Bush Beans (5/15)
Bush Beans (6/1)
Bush Beans (7/1)
Pole Beans (5/10)
Pole Beans (6/1-)
Dry Beans (5/10)
Tomatoes (5/10-15*)
Tomatoes (5/10-15*)
Summer Squash (5/10)
Cucumbers (5/10)
, Winter Squash and Pumpkin -(5/10)
Winter Squash and Pumpkin (5/10)
Eggplant (5/20*)
Muskmelon (5/10)
Pepper (5/20*)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5110)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5110)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (5125)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (5/25) ................ Sweet Corn (6/10) ..,
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
5 rows Potatoes
*Date of setting out plants. Double cropping is suggested only for irrigated gardens.
Cooperative Extension Work in Agricultbre and.1done Economies
Wm. A. Schoenfeld, Director
Oregon State College and United States Department o Agricidture.
Printed and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Coigrs of lux. It
we
rows
Inches
48
48
36
24-30
30-36
30-36
30-36
30-
24-30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
36
36
60
60
60-72
96
96 *
96
36-42
36-42
- 36-42
36-42
364g
-36-42
-
HOME GARDEN PLANTING TABLE FOR AVERAGE FAMILY OF FIVE PERSONS
Keep 'em Q4atuto,' !
Vicianit!
Veria41es 1c
Showing Detailed Recommendations Arranged in Order of Planting, Beginning in the Spring
II
I
Vegetable
Variety
Radish
Spinach
Lettuce
Pea
Cabbageearly summer
OnionsSets
Plants
Turnip or Kohl-rabi
Beet, early
....
Scarlet-turnip white tipped, White Icicle
Giant Leaf, Thick Leaf
New York Supreme
World's Record, Thomas Laxton, Little Marvel
Hundredfold, Stride, Telephone
Golden Acre, Copenhagen Market, Glory
Danvers
Bermuda, Sweet Spanish
Purple Top White Globe, White or Purple Vienna
III
IV
25-50
-I-1 oz.
March 10Sept. 10
11
Successive seedings
1 oz.
Mar. 10-Apr. 15; ;Aug. 20-Sept.15
1
Successive seedings
18-24
2-4
1 pkt.
Feb. 1*
April 10
18-24
12-14
1-11 lbs.
March 10-April 25
July 15-Aug. 1
1 pkt.
Jan. 10 to March 1*
Feet of row or Amount of seed
No. of plants for Column III
100
3 doz.
200
4-6 doz.
V
Date of seeding
1 lb. sets
200 plants
25-50
50
VI
VII
Depth of plant- Date of setting plants
ing, inches
VIII
Distances of planting (inches)
Plants
Rows12-18
11
IX
When maturing
.
X
Probable yield of area
planted (Column III)
May and in succession
25-50 bunches
May 15-June 20
30-40 lbs.
June 1 1
33doz. heads
June 10
2-4 bushels
11-2
Successive seedings
30
2-3
1
March 15-April 20
30
18-24
June 10-Aug. 20
100-130 lbs.
March 15; Sept. 1-15
April 10
24
24
3-4
2
May 20-June 11
July 25-Aug. 20
33doz. bunches
'
3
June 1 1
60-70 bunches
11
100
i-i oz.
April 1-10
/
24
75-80 lbs.
Early Model, Early Wonder
50
1 oz.
April 1-10
1
24
2-3
July 11
3-5 doz. bunches
Carrot, early
Chantenay, Nantes
50
i oz.
April 1-10
1
24
2-3
July 10
4-6 doz. bunches
Lettuce
New York Supreme, Imperial 44,
Tomhannock, Oak Leaf, Iceberg
50-100
-.1 oz.
April 1-10; Aug. 1-15
i
24
6-14
June 20-Nov. 15
3-6 doz. heads
Swiss Chard
Onion (seed)
Parsnip
Salsify
Fordhook Giant, Rhubarb, Lucullus
50
1 oz.
April 1-10
1
24
6-8
July 1
.50-100 lbs.
Yellow Danvers, Sweet Spanish
Harris Model
100-200
1-2 oz.
April 10-25
i
24
3
i-i oz.
April 10-25
1
24
1
Sept. 15
Sept. 20
Sept. 15
300 lbs.
50-75
Cauliflower
Snowball
July 10
30 heads
Corn, sweet
Bean, bush
24
3-4
3-4
April 20
30
24
Successive seedings or use
of different varieties
36
12-16
July 25frost
50-60 doz. ears
11-2
30
3
21-3 bushels
May 15
2
36
24
July 20frost
Aug. 1frost
May 15-30
2
36
24-30
Sept. 10
30-40 quarts
48-54,
A11,7...1Efrost
6,9, bi,,bel.5
50
1 pkt.
April 10-25
2-3 doz.
1 pkt.
Feb. 15*
Golden Early Market, Golden Bantam, Spancross,
Carmelcross, Golden Cross Bantam, Lincoln
4-500
1 lb.
April 25 to June,15
200
2 lbs.
May 1-July 15
100
i lb.
100-150
1 lb.
Eggplant
Tendergreen, Stringless Green Pod, Kidney Wax
Kentucky Wonder, Blue Lake,
Oregon Giant
Oregon Pole Lima, Henderson's Bush
Stokesdale, Bonny Best, Pritchard, John Baer,
J unnee, Margiobe, Wasatch Bcauty
Zucchini, Giant Straightneck
Vaughan, Lemon, Boston Pickling
Delicious, Banana, Hubbard, Table Queen
Winter Luxury, Sugar Pie
Early Giant, California Wonder
Black Beauty
Carrotlate
Beetlate
Chantenay, Nantes
Detroit Dark Red
CauliflowerBroccoli
St. Valentine
Broccoli
Green Calabrese
Celery
Golden Self Blanching, Utah Green
Giant Easy Blanching
Beanpole
Bean, lima
Tomato
Squash, summer
Cucumber
Squashwinter
Pumpkin
Pepper
Cauliflower
Cabbagelate
Brussels Sprouts
Kale
Turniplate
CabbageChinese
Sandwich Island
Danish Ball Head, Savoy
Ulrich's American, Long Island
Scotch Curled
Purple Top White Globe, Golden Ball
Wong Bok, Chihli
Successive seedings
2-3
5-8 doz.
1
pkt.
Feb. 25*
6-10 hills
1 oz.
May 10-15
I oz.
May 10-June 1
1-11 oz.
May 10-15
1
18 hills
12-20 hills
May 10-Tune 11
1
March 15
1
48
36
1
54-60
48-54
96
96
1-2
3-4 bushels
Aug. 1frost
Aug. 1frost
Sept. 1frost
2-4 doz. fruits
80 lbs.
50-200 fruits
10-12 hills
1 oz.
84
72
Sept. 15
40-60 fruits
12-18 plants
1 pkt.
Feb. 25*
I
May 20-June 10
30
24
6-8 doz. fruits
6 plants
1 pkt.
Feb. 25*
.1
May 20-June 10
30
24
Aug. 1
Aug. 1
100
June 1-July 10
24
3
50-100
1 oz.
1 oz.
June 1-July 10
11
4 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-June 1
/
4 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-June 1
2
24
3
36
30
Aug. 10
30
24
Sept. 1
1-2 lbs. per plant
June 20 and in succession
30
6-8
Sept. 15
8-10 doz.
36
30
3-4 doz.
36
30
36
30
Oct. 1
Oct. 1
Oct. 20
36
30
Oct. 11and all winter
July 20-Aug. 10
50 ft.
1 pkt.
March 10 and in succession
3-4 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-20
1
5-10 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-10
1
June 20 and later
June 20 and later
3 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-10
1 pkt.
May 1-10 .
kug. 10-Sept. 10
1
July 10 and later
June 20 and later
50 ft.
See note 4
25 ft.
-.1. oz.
/ oz.
Aug. 1-15
1
24
10
50-100
1 oz.
July 10
i
24
6-8
1-2 lbs.
May 10
1-2
Usually broadcast
1
50-100 plants
March 20-April 15
Rhubarb
Riverside Giant
12-24 plants
March 20-April 15
150-200
.
2-4 doz. fruits
Sept. 15
Sept. 15
March 10
1-1
Dry Beans
Asparagus
Asa Ala
150 lbs.
75-100 lbs.
4 doz. heads
250-300 lbs.
30-36 qts.
Oct. 15 and all winter
22bushels
4 bushels
24-30
3
Oct. 10
Oct. 10
Sept. 15
48
24
April-July
30-40 lbs.
48
April-July
40-100 lbs.
Dates are for western Oregon and may have to be modified according to season and locality in the state.
Dates of maturity show whether a crop takes half or all of the growing season to grow to maturity.
The following successions of crops are suggested : (a) early radish and lettuce followed by late carrots and beets ; (b) early spinach followed by celery ; (c) early peas followed by broccoli and fall cauliflower ; ;
(d) early cabbage followed by fall lettuce and spinach; (e) early beets and carrots followed by Brussels sprouts and curly kale; (f) early onion sets or peas followed by late cabbage.
Two sowings of beets and carrots are recommended, the first for early summer roots, the second for fall and winter supply.
Turnips are usually broadcast for fall production. Ample supplies of "greens" can be grown with spinach, chard, kale, and broccoli.
Contrary to general opinion, winter squash will not cross with pumpkin, cucumber, melon, or summer squash. The only two of these mentioned whith will cross are pumpkin and summer squash.
When only a single row of vegetables is to be planted the main consideration of the gardener is to observe the distance between plants in the row, albwing the given space, as noted, before proceeding to plant the next vegetable.
Where more than one variety of a vegetable is suggested, it is not unwise to plant several kinds as in the case of Golden Acre, Glory and Ball head cabbage, and varieties of peas and sweet corn differing in season Of harvest.
*Date of sowing seed under glass in greenhouse or hotbed.
30 lbs.
May 10-20
Purple Top Yellow
Great Northern, White Navy
Washington
Rutabaga
60-72
50-70 lbs.
20 heads
75-100 lbs.