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000UPIEVIT
ROL LErTION
galtot awl elbow
EGOr. VEGETABLE GARDEN
COLLECTION
By A. G. B. BOUQUET, Horticulturist (Vegetable Crops)
The Victory Garden furnishes an important contribution toward
winning the war by releasing commercially-grown vegetables for
fighting forces, and maintaining nutritional fitness on the home front.
Make a garden plan. Adjust the plan on page 4 to supply ample
needs of the -family for the year, including vegetables used directly
from the garden as well as for preserving and storing. For highest food value include an abundance of tomatoes and green, leafy,
and yellow vegetables.
Prepare the soil. Use five or more wheelbarrow loads of stable
manure, if possible, to the square rod (16i feet square) ; apply
poultry and sheep manure in smaller quantities. Spade or plow
under in advance. Strawy manure, especially, should be rotted
under soil before planting season. Cover crops or green manures
may be fall sown and turned under in the spring. Work soil
thoroughly for a fine seedbed.
Broadcast 5 to 8 pounds of Victory Garden complete fertilizer,
3-8-7, per square rod when soil is being prepared in the spring.
Buy seeds or plants. See chart for recommended varieties and
eraggzarden. Seed
t
amounts of seed or number of plants
should be sown carefully, as all s
,
plants of early cabbage, lettuce, to
Plant seeds on approximate dates recommended or according to
A
season and locality in the state.
Give consistent care to the garden. Systematic work in the
garden is essential. Cultivate or hoe the soil only enough to elim-
inate weeds and maintain surface mulch.
Irrigation will more
than repay cost.
Control insect pests and rodents.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Oregon State System of Higher Education
Federal Cooperative Extension Service
Oregon State College
Corvallis
Extension Bulletin 614
February 1943
*
VEGETABLE CROP PRODUCTION
Beans. Successive plantings provide continuous harvestings.
Choose bush varieties for quick production and pole types for longer
season. Fertilize the soil well. Apply water alongside rows during
summer and pick clean all pods large enough. Dust early for control
of twelve-spotted beetle. Valuable for minerals and vitamins.
Beets. See planting chart for growing early as well as fall and
winter roots. Thinnings of plants in rows provide valuable greens
rich in vitamins A and G, phosphorus and iron.
Broccoli, green.* Used chiefly as a fall vegetable. Especially
rich in vitamins A, C, and G, and calcium.
Brussels sprouts.* Grow like late cabbage. Spray or dust for
aphids. Valuable for hardiness and content of vitamins A, Bi, and C.
Cabbage.*t Set out early cabbage plants as soon as spring conditions permit. Control maggots by tarred-paper pads or corrosive
sublimate. Lice and green worms must also be controlled. Grow
abundance of late cabbage for winter storage. Rich in vitamin C
and valuable for other vitamins when eaten raw.
Carrots. For early carrots, plant as soon as spring conditions
permit. Make a few successive seedings Grow an abundance of
late carrots for winter use and storage. Quality is finest when grown
quickly and harvested before becoming woody. Especially high in
vitamin A, valuable for other nutrients.
Cauliflower.* Best grown as a summer-planted and fall-maturing crop.
Celery.* Important fall vegetable, economical of space. Celeriac or celery root may be grown as substitute.
Chard, Swiss.* Excellent all-season vegetable for greens.
High in vitamin A, calcium, and iron. Space plants 6 inches or
more apart in the row. Protect against twelve-spotted beetle.
Corn, sweett Make successive plantings of one variety, or
plant different varieties that vary in season of maturity. Several
short rows in a rectangle are better than a few long rows. Damage
by earworm can be reduced by dusting silks at 3- to 5-day intervals.
Irrigation improves size and quality and aids fall-maturing crops.
Harvest in milk stage. Corn provides valuable vitamins and minerals and can be canned, frozen, or dehydrated.
Endive. A good substitute for lettuce in summer and fall.
May be bleached yellow by tying heads. Unbleached endive valuable
for vitamins C and G, iron, and calcium.
Kale.* Hardy greens grown as for late cabbage.
Lettuce.* Seed short rows at 10- to 14-day intervals to prevent
waste and prolong usefulness. For earliest head lettuce, set out
plants at same time as early cabbage. Sow seeds of head lettuce
thinly, plants to be 12 to 14 inches apart after thinning. Matures
best in late spring, early summer, and fall. Leaf lettuce is easily
grown and high in vitamin A.
Mustard greens.* Fordhook Fancy is a mild variety with
curled leaves. Sow seed in early spring or on occurrence of first fall
rains. Especially rich in vitamins A, C, G, and B1, and iron and calcium.
Peas.* Cool weather crop. Seed early and make successive
seedings or use varieties differing in season of maturity. Seed treatments with copper or mercury compounds (Cuprocide, Semesan) help
stand of plants of early seedings, which can be made after May 1 in
coast counties but not in interior. Side dressings of fertilizer during
spring rains stimulate growth. On first appearance of blossoms dust
for control of weevils. Reduce pod distortion by dusting or spraying
aphids. Good source of protein, iron, vitamins A and 131.
Peppers. Set out plants when danger of frost is past. Water,
if possible, during dry weather.
ut
Potatoes.f Treat seed
IIi.iuiflagiR
EMBN34 with corrosive sublimaten for disease control. Cut pieces
should be dusted with landplaster. Plant early potatoes from early
March to mid-April, late potatoes from mid-April to June. Planting
depth should be 5 to 6 inches for level cultivation and 4 inches if
rows are to be ridged. Potatoes contain calcium, iron, vitamins 131,
C, and G, and are especially high in energy value.
Spinach. Treat seeds as for peas to prevent seed rot. Make
successive seedings but not after mid-April. Spinach is ready to
harvest in about 2 months and can be followed by another crop.
Valuable in containing vitamins A, C, Bi, and G, and iron. Can be
canned, frozen, or dehydrated.
Squash.t Dust young plants for beetle control. Important
crop for storage. Yellow and orange-fleshed squash are especially
high in vitamin A and valuable for other nutrients.
Tomatoes.f One of the most essential vegetables. Rich in vita-
mins C and A, even after canning. Work forkful of manure well
into hill 2 or 3 weeks before transplanting. Grow early varieties.
Set out well-grown plants after frosts and use commercial fertilizer
high in phosphoric acid. Dust for flea beetle soon after setting out
plants. Irrigation will assist in preventing dry rot. If space in a
garden is limited, plants may be held up on a support without pruning away many of the fruit-bearing laterals. The harvesting season
may be lengthened by gathering the mature green tomatoes before
frost and storing according to suggestions in Extension Bulletin 601,
"Vegetable Storage."
Turnips and turnip greens are valuable for fall, winter and.
early spring use. Yellow turnips and turnip greens are high in all
vitamins and minerals. See planting table for details.
Acknowledgment. The author wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Miss Lucy A. Case, Extension Nutritionist, in furnishing
information concerning the nutritional value of vegetables, also the
helpful suggestions of 0. T. McWhorter, Extension Horticulturist,
in formulating the manuscript.
* Cultural details discussed in Oregon Extension Bulletin 594, "Growing
Fall and Early Winter Vegetables."
t Garden insect pests discussed in Oregon Extension Bulletin 551, "Vegetable Insect-pest Control."
Details on storage discussed in Oregon Extension Bulletin 601, "Vegetable
Storage."
Organic mercuries (such as Semesan Bel) may be substituted for corrosive sublimate when used strictly according to directions on container.
SUGGESTED PLANTING PLAN FOR A FAMILY OF FIVE
Dates after crops approximate time of seeding or plant setting in western Oregon.
Row
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30-34
25
50'
75'
100'
,Approximate
distance
between
rows
Inches
Asparagus
(or Early Potatoes)
Asparagus (3/15-4/8*)
(or Early Potatoes)
Rhubarb (3/15-4/1*)
Asparagus
Spinach (3/10-4/15) followed by late Beets (6/15-7/1)
Lettuce (seed 4/1) followed by late Carrots (5/26-6/10)_...
Lettuce (4/1-10*) followed by late Carrots
Peas (3/25) followed by Green Broccoli (6/25-*)
Peas (3/10) followed by Celery (6/20-*)
Peas (4/20) followed by late Cabbage (7/10*)
... . . ... Peas (4/8) followed by late Cabbage (7/1-15*)
Early Cabbage followed by Lettuce (8/15-)
Early Cabbage (3/25*) followed by Mustard (9/1)
Onions (4/10*) followed by Spinach (8/1-)
Onions (sets 3/15) followed by Turnips (8/10)
followed by fall Spinach (9/1)
Turnips (3/20-)
followed by Mustard (9/1)
Early Carrots (4/10) followed by Brussels Sprouts (7/10-*)
Early Beets (4/10) followed by Kale (6/25-*)
Lettuce in succession (4/10-) followed by Rutabagas (8/15)
Early Cauliflower and Broccoli (4/25-5/1*) followed by Kohl-rabi (8/15-)
Swiss Chard (4/10)
Onions (seed 4/10-15)
Parsnip (4/25*)
Bush Beans (5/1)
Bush Beans (6/1)
Pole Beans (5/10)
Dry Beans (5/10)
Salsify (4/25)
Bush Beans (5/15)
Bush Beans (7/1)
Pole Beans (6/1-)
Tomatoes (5/10-15*)
Tomatoes (5/10-15*)
Cucumbers (5/10)
Summer Squash (5/10)
Winter Squash and Pumpkin (5/10)
Winter Squash and Pumpkin (5/10)
Muskmelon (5/10)
Eggplant (5/20*)
Pepper (5/20*)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet- Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (6/10) ........
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
Sweet Corn (5/25)
Sweet Corn (6/10)
Sweet Corn (5/10)
Sweet Corn (4/25-)
5 rows Potatoes
" Date of setting out plants. Double cropping is suggested only for irrigated gardens.
Cooperative Extension Work in Agriculture and Home Economics
Wm. A. Schoenfeld, Director
Oregon State College and United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperating
Printed and distributed in furtherance of the Acts of Congress of May 8 and June 30, 1914
48.
48
36
24-30
30-36
30-36
30-36
30
24-30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
36
36
60
60
60-72
96
96
96
36-42
36-42
36-42
36-42,
36-42
36-42
HOME GARDEN PLANTING TABLE FO AVERAGE FAMILY OF FIVE PERSONS
?kr/el-aide's laic Vida!
Showing Detailed Recommendations Arranged in Order of Planting, Beginning in the Spring
_
II
I
Vegetable
Radish
Spinach
Lettuce
Pea
Cabbageearly summer
Scarlet-turnip white tipped, White Icicle
Giant Leaf, Thick Leaf
New York B
World's Record, Thomas Laxton,
Hundredfold, Stride, Telephone
Golden Acre, Glory
III
IV
V
Feet of row or Amount of seed
No. of plants for Column III
Date of seeding
VI
Depth of planting, inches
1
Successive seedings
12-18
100
1 oz.
March 10-April 15
11
Successive seedings
18-24
2-4
3 doz.
1 pkt.
Feb. 1*
12-14
March 10-April 25
April 10
Successive seedings
18-24
1-11 lbs.
30
2-3
1 pkt.
Jan. 10 to March 1*
March 15-April 20
30
March 15
April 10
24
24
200
4-6 doz.
11-2
i
Turnip
Salsify
Purple Top White Globe
Early Model
Chantenay, Nantes
New York B, Imperial 44,
Tomhannock, Oak Leaf
Fordhook Giant, Rhubarb
Yellow Danvers, Sweet Spanish
Harris Model
Sandwich Island
Cauliflower
Snowball
Corn, sweet
Golden Early Market, Golden Bantam,
Golden Cross Bantam, Carmelcross
Stringless Green Pod, Kidney Wax
4-500
200
2 lbs.
May 1-July 1
Kentucky Wonder, Blue Lake,
Oregon Giant
Oregon Pole Lima, Henderson's Bush
100
1 lb.
May 15
2
Lettuce
Swiss Chard
Onion (seed)
Parsnip
Bean, bush
Beanpole
Bean, lima
Tomato
Squash, summer
Cucumber
Squashwinter
Pumpkin
Pepper
Eggplant
Carrotlate
Beetlate
CauliflowerBroccoli
Broccoli
Celery
Cauliflower
Cabbagelate
Brussels Sprouts
Kale
Turniplate
CabbageChinese
Rutabaga
Dry Beans
Bonny Best, Pritchard. John Baer.
tokesuaie, Margiobe
Zucchini, Giant Straightneck
Vaughan, Lemon, Boston Pickling
Delicious, Banana, Hubbard, Table Queen
Winter Luxury
California Wonder
Black Beauty
Chantenay, Nantes
Detroit Dark Red
St. Valentine
Green Calabrese
Golden Self Blanching, Utah Green
Giant Easy Blanching
Danish Ball Head, Savoy
Ulrich's American, Long Island
Scotch Curled
Purple Top White Globe, Golden Ball
Wong Bok, Chihli
Purple Top Yellow
Great Northern, White Navy
Asparagus
Washington
Rhubarb
Riverside Giant
VIII
Distances of planting (inches)
Rows
Plants
March 10
Danvers
Bermuda, S. Spanish
Beet, early
Carrot, early
VII
Date of setting plants
1-/ oz.
25-50
OnionsSets
Plants
-6.
7.
Variety
I
X
Probable yield of area
planted (Column III)
May and in succession
25-50 bunches
May 15-June 20
30-40 lbs.
June 1 1
3 doz. heads
June 10
2-4 bushels
18-24
June 10-Aug. 20
100-130 lbs.
2
3-4
May 20-June 1 1
July 25-Aug. 20
33doz. bunches
75-80 lbs.
60-70 bunches
11
50
1 lb. sets
200 plants
100
1-1 oz.
April 1-10
4
24
3
June 1 1
50
1 oz.
April 1-10
1
24
2-3
July 1 1
3-5 doz. bunches
i oz.
April 1-10
2
24
2-3
July 10
4-6 doz. bunches
50-100
1 oz.
April 1-10
4
24
6-14
June 20
3-6 doz. heads
50
1 oz.
April 1-10
1
24
6-8
50-100 lbs.
100-200
1-2 oz.
April 10-25
i
24
3
50-75
1-1 oz.
April 10-25
11
24
3-4
50
1 pkt.
April 10-25
11
2-3 doz.
1 pkt.
Feb. 15*
April 25 to June 15
25-50
50
.
1
11
lb.
I
2-3
11-2
100-150
1 lb.
May 15-30
2
5-8 doz.
1 nkt.
Feb 25*
I
6-10 hills
1 oz.
May 10-15
1
18 hills
I oz.
May 10-15
march 15
I
.
Successive seedings
24
3-4
July 1.
Sept. 15
Sept. 20
Sept. 15
April 20
30
24
July 10
30 heads
Successive seedings or use
of different varieties
36
12-16
July 25frost
50-60 doz. ears
30
3
21-3 bushels
36
24
July 20frost
Aug. 1frost
36
24-30
Sept. 10
30-40 quarts
60-72
0-54
Aug. 1frost
6-9 bushels
48
36
2-4 doz. fruits
54-60
48-54
96
96
Aug. 1frost
Aug. 1frost
Sept. 1frost
40-60 fruits
6-8 doz. fruits
2-4 doz. fruits
.
May 10-20
1
-
12-20 hills
1-14 oz.
May 10-15
10-12 hills
/ oz.
May 10-20
1
Feb. 25*
i
May 20-June 10
Feb. 25*
1
May 20-June 10
12-18 plants
1 pkt.
6 plants
1 pkt.
'
'
'
1-2
72
Sept. 15
30
24
Aug. 1
Aug. 1
30
24
3
i oz.
June 1-15
1-1
24
1 oz.
June 1-15
1
24
3
1 pkt.
May 1-15
i
June 25
36
30
4 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-15
Aug. 10
30
24
50 ft.
1 pkt.
March 10 and in succession
i
June 20 and in succession
30
6-8
3-4 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-20
4
36
30
5-10 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-10
4
36
100
50-100
4 doz.
--
3 doz.
1 pkt.
May 1-10
i
June 20 and later
June 20 and later
June 20 and later
50 ft.
See note 4
1 pkt.
May 1-10
i
Tune 20 and later
1 oz.
Aug. 10
1
25 ft.
1 oz.
Aug. 1-15
1
50-100
1 oz.
July 10-Aug. 10
150-200
1-2 lbs.
May 10
3-4 bushels
80 lbs.
50-200 fruits
Sept. 15
Sept. 13
March 10
150 lbs.
Sept. 1
Sept. 15
1-2 lbs. per plant
75-100 lbs.
4 doz. heads
8-10 doz.
36
30
Oct. 20
30-36 qts.
36
30
Oct. 11 and all winter
Oct. 15 and all winter
22bushels
250-300 lbs.
4 bushels
3
Oct. 10
Oct. 10
Sept. 15
24
April-July
30-40 lbs.
48
April-July
40-100 lbs
1
24
6
1-2
24-30
48
March 20-April 15
30 lbs.
30
10
12-24 plants
50-70 lbs.
3-4 doz.
24
March 20-April 15
300 lbs.
Oct. 1
Oct. 1
Usually broadcast
50-100 plants
.
84
Dates are for western Oregon and may have to be modified according to season and locality in the state.
Dates of maturity show whether a crop takes half or all of the growing season to grow to maturity.
The following successions of crops are suggested (a) early radish and lettuce followed by late carrots and beets; (b) early spinach followed by celery; (c) early peas followed by broccoli and fall cauliflower ; ;
(d) early cabbage followed by fall lettuce and spinach; (e) early beets and carrots followed by Brussels sprouts and curly kale; (f) early onion sets or peas followed by late cabbage.
Two sowings of beets and carrots are recommended, the first for early summer roots, the second for fall and winter supply.
Turnips are usually broadcast for fall production. Ample supplies of 'greens" can be grown with spinach, chard, kale, and broccoli.
Contrary to general opinion, winter squash will not cross with pumpkin, cucumber, melon, or summer squash. The only two of these mentioned which will cross are pumpkin and summer squash.
When only a single row of vegetables is to be planted the main consideration of the gardener is to observe the distance between plants in the row, allowing the given space, as noted, before proceeding to plant the next vegetable.
Where more than one variety of a vegetable is suggested, it is not unwise to plant several kinds as in the case of Golden Acre, Glory and Ball head cabbage, and varieties of peas and sweet corn differing in season of harvest.
*Date of sowing seed under glass in greenhouse or hotbed.
IX
When maturing
20 heads
75-100 lbs.