1. Job offers to Bachelor’s degree recipients
Job offers for Bachelor’s degree recipients on graduation:
percent with at least one job
Percent
100
80
+
60
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
40
20
0
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Percent at least one job
+
56
67.3
68.1
60.5
62.8
64.7
69.8
70.8
75.8
78.1
81.8
82.2
82.4
71.3
65.1
Mean=number of jobs
1.2
1.6
1.5
1.2
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2
2.2
2.2
2.3
1.6
1.2
(N)
587
2190 2434 2465 2670 2392 2238 2296 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
2. Job interviews of Bachelor’s degree recipients
Number of interviews by Bachelor’s degree recipients who looked for work
100
Percent
None
1
2
3
4
5
More than 5
80
60
50.4
40
20
18.1
16.4
13.3
8.9
7.4
3.2
2.8
18.8
16.2
18.9
12.4
8.4
4.7
0
Telephone
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
In-person
3. Employment status Oct. 31
Employment status of Bachelor’s degree recipients
Percent
100
$ Full-time ) Part-time # In school ' Not employed
80
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
)'
#
)'
#
'
)
#
'
)
#
'
)
#
'
)
#
Full-time
1994
62
1995
62
1996
63.4
1997
67.4
1998
68.7
Part-time
14.1
13.6
11.3
11
In school
7
7.5
7.6
6.7
Not employed
16.8
16.8
17.7
14.9
60
$
$
'
)
#
'
)
#
'
)
#
1999
70.3
2000
71.1
2001
58.9
2002
58.1
9.2
8.7
8.8
11.6
13.5
6.4
6.8
7.4
8.1
8.9
15.7
14.3
12.8
21.4
19.5
40
20
0
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
4. Employment status Oct. 31
Employment status of Bachelor’s degree recipients who looked for work
Percent
100
# Full-time ' Part-time ) Not employed
80
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
'
)
)'
)'
)'
)'
)'
)'
Full-time
1994
71.1
1995
71.2
1996
73.7
1997
76.8
1998
78
1999
79.5
#
#
)
'
)'
2000
80.3
2001
68.9
2002
67.9
15.7
60
40
20
0
Part-time
16.2
15.7
13.2
12.6
10.5
9.8
9.9
13.6
Not employed
12.7
13.1
13.1
10.7
11.5
10.7
9.8
17.6
16.3
N
1949
1993
1927
1903
1969
2369
2419
2344
2395
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
5. Employment status
Employment status of Bachelor’s degree recipients
when they returned questionnaires
Percent
100
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
80
+
+
$*
)
$*
)
60
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
$
*
)
$*
)
$*
)
$*
)
$*
)
+
+
$*
)
$
)*
+
+
+
+
+
+
$
)*
$
)*
40
20
0
$*
)
$*
)
$*
)
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work 68.3 66.6 70.9 70.5 64.5 61.7 62.4 62.2 65.7 67.9 68.4 73.3 75.3 76.1 74.9 66.3 63.3
Part-time work 11.9 12.3 10.6
Continuing school
7.5
7.2
6.3
9.8 11.5 14.2 14.4 13.4 12.2 11.1
9.8
8.3
6
6.9
6.4
7.9
7.1
6.6
6
7.2
8
8
8.5
8
7.7
Unemployed 12.3 13.9 12.3 13.2 16.8 16.1 15.2 15.8 14.1 13.3 13.9 11.4 12.1
7.3 10.1
7
12
8
8.4
11 10.8 15.6 16.2
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
6. Permanent positions
Status of Bachelor’s degree recipients: percent in permanent positions
Percent
100
#
#
#
#
#
#
,
,
#
#
#
80
60
# Full-time job holders
, Part-time job holders
,
,
,
,
40
,
,
,
20
0
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Full-time job holders
87.1
89.6
88.6
91.1
90
90.9
91.8
89.1
86.7
Part-time job holders
47.6
52.6
48.4
54.2
47.3
44.8
35.5
43.9
39.7
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
7. Unemployment rates
Unemployment rates of journalism Bachelor’s degree recipients compared
to U.S. labor force data. Figures represent seasonally adjusted unemployment
rates averaged across June of the shown year to May of the following year.
Percent
15
# US Labor Force , US Labor Force: 20-24 yrs. old $ J-Grads
$
10
,
#
5
,
$
,
$
#
,
$
$
,
#
,
,
$
$
#
#
#
$
,
$
#
#
,
,
$
#
$
#
,
$
#
,
$
#
$
,
$
,
#
#
$
,
,
#
#
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
US Labor Force
5.8
5.3
5.3
6.2
7.2
7.4
6.6
5.7
5.6
5.2
4.7
4.4
4.1
4.1
5.4
US Labor Force: 20-24 yrs. old
9.1
8.4
8.7
9.6
11.2
11.2
10.2
9.1
9.4
9
8.2
7.6
7.5
7.2
9.2
9.7
J-Grads
12.2
8.1
7.2
10.4
9.9
8.4
8.6
7.4
6.9
6.5
5.4
5.9
8
8
11.7
12.9
5.9
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates; US Bureau of Labor Statistics
8. Job offers, Master’s degree recipients
Job offers to Master’s degree recipients on graduation:
percent with at least one job
100
Percent
+
80
60
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
40
20
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Percent at least one job
+
66
73.1
56.6
68.9
67.2
70.2
73.1
75.8
83.3
74.5
81.2
88.6
70.4
Mean=number of jobs
1.7
1.4
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.7
1.8
2
2
2.2
2.3
1.6
1.6
(N)
162
148
144
155
159
151
178
143
145
156
147
146
153
165
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
70.6
9. Employment Status Oct. 31
Employment status of Master’s degree recipients
Percent
100
# Full-time ' Part-time ) In school $ No employment
#
80
60
#
#
#
#
#
#
$
'
)
$
'
)
$'
)
$
'
)
$'
)
$
)'
1994
63.9
1995
65.4
1996
62.2
1997
81.4
1998
65.4
1999
74.8
#
#
$
'
)
$
'
)
2000
74.7
2001
60.8
2002
60.6
12.7
40
20
0
Full-time
$'
)
Part-time
11
11.4
16.8
8.3
10.9
9.5
6.8
9.8
In school
5.2
5.4
5.6
1.4
5.1
3.4
6.2
4.6
4.8
No employment
20.1
17.8
15.4
9
18.6
12.2
12.3
24.8
21.8
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
10. Employment Status Oct. 31
Employment status of Master’s degree recipients who looked for work
100
Percent
# Full-time ) Part-time ' Not employed
#
80
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
)'
)'
)
'
'
)
'
)
'
)
Full-time
1994
75
1995
72.5
1996
70.6
1997
84.3
Part-time
12.9
12.6
19
Not employed
12.1
15
10.3
60
40
20
)'
)'
1998
71.3
1999
82.1
2000
82.6
2001
68.9
2002
67.6
8.6
11.9
10.4
7.6
11.1
14.2
7.1
16.8
7.5
9.8
20
18.2
)'
0
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
11. Employment status
Employment status of Master’s recipients when
they returned questionnaires
Percent
100
80
+
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+ + +
+
+
$
*
)
$
*
)
60
+
40
$
20
0
*
)
$
*
)
$
)*
$*
)
$
*
)
$*
)
$
)*
$*
)
$*
)
$
)*
$
)*
$*
)
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work
74.1
76.4
60.4
68.4
67.9
66.2
72.5
65.7
83.4
75.6
80.3
77.4
69.9
69.7
Part-time work
7.4
7.4
10.4
10.3
9.4
11.3
9.6
11.9
5.5
5.8
6.1
6.2
8.5
14.5
Continuing school
3.1
2.7
5.6
7.1
6.9
6
6.2
4.9
2.1
4.5
4.1
4.8
5.2
3
Unemployed
15.4
13.5
23.6
14.2
15.7
16.6
11.8
17.5
9
14.1
9.5
11.6
16.3
12.7
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
12. Employment, news-editorial
Employment of Bachelor’s degree recipients in the editorial specialty
Percent
100
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
80
60
+
+
*
$
)
)*
$
+
+
+
+
$
)*
$*
)
$*
)
$*
)
+
+
+
$
)*
$*
)
$
)*
+
+
$
)*
$
)*
+
+
+
+
$
)*
$*
)
40
20
0
$
)*
$
)*
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work 65.3
69.1
66.1
64.2
63.2
61
69.1
68.7
72.1
71.8
74.5
80.4
72.2
64.1
66
Part-time work
17
9.7
9.4
12.9
15.7
13.3
12.3
9.3
7.5
7
6.6
4.8
7.8
10.8
13.3
Continuing school
6.1
11.5
8.9
8.9
7.9
10.8
8.6
8.1
9
9.6
6.6
5.7
6.8
7.4
8
Unemployed 11.6
9.7
15.7
14.1
13.2
14.9
9.6
13
11.5
11.5
12.2
9.2
13.2
17.7
12.8
362
383
427
432
444
405
409
401
355
377
459
395
379
400
(N)
147
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
13. Employment, broadcasting
Employment of Bachelor’s degree recipients in the broadcasting specialty
100
Percent
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
80
+
+
+
60
+
+
+
$*
$*
)
$*
+
+
+
$*
)
*
$
)
$*
)
+
+
$*
)
$
*
)
+
+
+
+
40
20
0
*
$
)
*
$
)
$*
)
)
)
$*
)
$
*
)
$
)*
$
*
)
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work 76.8
72.2
63.4
57.6
56
56
60.9
64.5
61.8
68.3
70.2
72.3
70.3
65.9
61.3
Part-time work 14.1
11.7
15.6
19
20
21.7
17.9
16.9
15.1
12.8
9.9
9.6
9.8
11.3
13.7
Continuing school
2.8
6.7
4
5.6
6.7
2.9
6.2
5.7
4.4
4.2
3.7
4.7
5.1
7.4
6.6
Unemployed
6.3
9.4
17
17.7
17.4
19.4
15.9
12.9
18.7
14.7
16.2
13.4
14.8
15.4
18.5
(N)
142
385
585
536
511
448
482
580
498
524
544
596
603
539
542
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
14. Employment, advertising
Employment of Bachelor’s degree recipients in the advertising specialty
Percent
100
80
+
60
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
+ + + +
+
+
+ + +
+ + +
+
+
40
20
0
*
$
)
$
)*
$
)*
$
*
)
$*
)
$
*
)
$
)*
$*
)
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work 74.8
72.1
71
68.9
66.1
68
69
73.3
74.7
79.7
83.7
77.7
78.3
66
67.4
Part-time work 15.7
10
8.3
9.6
15.2
11.3
9.8
8.9
6.8
5.2
3.4
5.1
5.6
9.9
10.6
Continuing school
2.6
7.4
6.1
4.1
4.2
5
6.7
6
6.5
5.2
5.6
5.7
7.1
8.1
7.1
Unemployed
7
10.5
14.6
17.4
14.5
15.7
14.5
11
11.9
10
7.3
11.5
9
16.1
14.9
115
351
396
363
428
363
297
281
293
271
233
314
323
335
350
(N)
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
15. Employment, PR
Employment of Bachelor’s degree recipients in the public relations specialty
Percent
100
+ Full-time work * Part-time work ) Continuing school $ Unemployed
+ + +
+
+
+
+ +
+ + +
+
80
+
60
+
+
40
20
0
*
$
)
$
)*
)*
$
$*
)
$*
)
$
)*
$*
)
$
)*
)*
$
$
)*
$
)*
$
)*
)
$
*
$
)*
$
)
*
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full-time work 72.6
72
70.7
64.2
68.4
69.7
69.9
73
73
78.8
84.2
80.6
82.4
71.8
Part-time work 11.1
7.2
9.1
13.8
12.9
9.8
8.9
7.2
7.4
6.1
2.1
5.6
2.9
6.3
8.3
10.8
5.8
6.8
4.4
6.8
6.1
6.2
10
7
6.5
6.2
8.3
7.9
10.3
Continuing school
6.7
65.3
Unemployed
9.6
10
14.4
15.2
14.4
13.8
15.1
13.6
9.5
8.1
7.3
7.7
6.4
14
16.1
(N)
135
429
417
455
459
458
397
419
419
444
385
520
484
521
542
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
16. General types of work
An overview of Bachelor’s degree recipients' work situations
Percent
100
+ Communication work * Non-communication work
) Continuing school $ Unemployed
80
60
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
+
+
+
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
+
+
+
+
+
+
*
$
)
*
$
)
40
*
20
$
)
0
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
*
$
)
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Communication work 53.7
Non-communication work
60
26.8 21.2
Continuing school
7.2
6.4
Unemployed 12.3 12.4
(N) 1203
60.7 52.2
49 50.6 51.4
56 57.7 58.2
64
63 65.1 66.6 52.6 50.5
19.6 23.7 26.9 26.1 24.3 21.8 21.3 19.9 17.5 18.3 17.8 15.6 23.7 24.9
6.5
7.3
8
8
8.5
8
7.7
13.3 16.8 16.1 15.3 15.8 14.1 13.3
7.9
7.1
6.6
14 11.4 12.1
6
7
8
8.4
11 10.8 15.6 16.2
580 2186 2425 2461 2664 2392 2234 2293 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
17. Minority employment
Full-time employment of minority and non-minority Bachelor’s
degree recipients
Percent
100
$ Minority & Non-minority
80
$
&
&
$
60
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
1997
&
$
&
$
&
$
&
$
40
Excludes Bachelors degree recipients
who have returned to school
20
1997
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Minority 66.4 77.4
71.6 63.4 66.8 66.9 64.1 67.1 68.3
Non-minority 72.1 75.6
Minority N
107
75.6 70.3 67.3 68.1
53
Nonminority N 1013
197
287
286
67 70.5 77.7 76.6 74.9
65 60.7
69 72.6 74.8 75.7 80.7 81.3 81.9 81.8 73.6
329
345
343
366
352
329
319
441
447
71
426
471
488 1840 1953 1965 2107 1831 1674 1716 1684 1657 1744 2208 2070 2068 2065
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
18. Gender and employment
Full-time employment of female and male Bachelor’s degree recipients
100
Percent
$ Female ) Male
80
)
$
$
)
$
)
60
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
40
Excludes Bachelors degree recipients
who have returned to school
20
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Female 71.5 76.1
75.5
71 67.7 69.6 69.5 72.2 74.8 75.2 80.1 82.3 81.3 81.8 73.1 69.6
Male 71.8 74.9
74.7
67 65.8 64.4 65.2 70.3 71.2 72.6 76.8
77 80.4 77.5 69.7 67.6
Female N
741
356 1389 1495 1569 1643 1480 1363 1368 1369 1321 1393 1423 1823 1848 1856
Male N
380
191
653
757
690
801
693
679
736
683
685
688
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
612
714
663
698
19. Overall salaries
Overall nominal median annual salaries and adjustments for inflation
for Bachelor's and Master's degree recipients
In thousands
$38.0
$36.0
$34.0
$32.0
$30.0
$28.0
$26.0
$24.0
$22.0
$20.0
$18.0
$16.0
$14.0
$12.0
$10.0
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
+ Bachelor's Nominal Salary $ UG Salary in 1985 Dollars
) Master's Nominal Salary * Grad Salary in 1985 Dollars
)
+
$
+
$
+
$
)
*
+
$
)
*
+
$
)
)
*
+
+
*
)
+
*
$
$
$
)
)
+
*
$
+
*
$
+
*
$
)
)
)
+
+
*
$
*
$
+
*
$
)
)
)
+
+
+
*
$
*
$
*
$
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Bachelor's Nominal Salary $14.0 $15.2 $16.9 $17.8 $18.0 $18.1 $18.2 $18.5 $20.0 $20.8 $21.5 $23.0 $24.0 $25.0 $27.0 $26.0 $26.0
UG Salary in 1985 Dollars $13.8 $14.3 $15.3 $15.3 $14.6 $14.1 $13.7 $13.5 $14.2 $14.4 $14.4 $15.1 $15.5 $15.7 $16.4 $15.6 $15.3
Master's Nominal Salary
$23.0 $25.0 $22.0 $24.8 $25.0 $25.0 $28.5 $28.8 $28.5 $30.0 $35.0 $31.3 $30.1 $32.0
Grad Salary in 1985 Dollars
$19.8 $20.3 $17.1 $18.7 $18.3 $17.8 $19.7 $19.3 $18.7 $19.4 $22.0 $19.0 $18.0 $18.8
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
20. Salaries in dailies
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments for inflation
at daily newspapers - Bachelor’s degree recipients
$28.0
In thousands
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
) )
$26.0
$24.0
$22.0
$20.0
$18.0
$16.0
$14.0
$12.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
)
)
$
$
$
$
$
$
)
)
)
$
$
)
)
)
$
$
$
)
$
$
$10.0
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $13.9 $13.9 $16.1 $17.0 $18.1 $18.2 $18.2 $18.2 $21.0 $22.0 $20.8 $21.0 $22.6 $25.0 $26.0 $25.9 $25.0
In 1985 Dollars $13.7 $13.1 $14.6 $14.6 $14.7 $14.2 $13.7 $13.3 $14.9 $15.2 $13.9 $13.8 $14.6 $15.7 $15.8 $15.5 $14.7
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
21. Salaries in weeklies
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments for inflation
at weekly newspapers - Bachelor’s degree recipients
In thousands
$24.0
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
$22.0
)
$20.0
$18.0
$16.0
$14.0
$12.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
$10.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
)
$
$
$
$
)
)
$
$
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $12.9 $14.3 $14.7 $15.6 $15.0 $15.6 $15.6 $15.6 $17.0 $18.2 $19.6 $20.3 $21.0 $22.9 $24.0 $22.0
In 1985 Dollars $12.2 $12.9 $12.6 $12.7 $11.7 $11.8 $11.4 $11.1 $11.7 $12.2 $12.9 $13.1 $13.2 $13.9 $14.4 $12.9
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
22. Salaries in radio
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments
for inflation in radio - Bachelor’s degree recipients
$28.0
In thousands
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
$26.0
$24.0
$22.0
$20.0
$18.0
)
$16.0
$14.0
$12.0
$10.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
)
)
)
$
$
$
$
$
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $12.8 $14.6 $13.5 $13.2 $14.0 $15.0 $16.9 $16.0 $17.0 $18.0 $20.0 $20.8 $22.5 $23.4 $25.0 $24.0
In 1985 Dollars $12.1 $13.2 $11.6 $10.7 $10.9 $11.3 $12.3 $11.4 $11.7 $12.0 $13.2 $13.4 $14.1 $14.2 $15.0 $14.1
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
23. Salaries in television
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments
for inflation in TV - Bachelor’s degree recipients
In thousands
$24.0
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
$22.0
$18.0
)
$
$16.0
$14.0
)
$
$12.0
)
$
)
$
$10.0
)
$
)
)
)
$
$
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
)
$
$
$
)
$20.0
)
)
$
$
$
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $12.9 $16.9 $15.2 $15.0 $14.5 $15.6 $15.6 $16.0 $18.0 $17.5 $18.7 $18.2 $20.0 $21.8 $21.5 $22.0
In 1985 Dollars $12.2 $15.3 $13.1 $12.2 $11.2 $11.8 $11.4 $11.4 $12.4 $11.7 $12.3 $11.8 $12.5 $13.2 $12.9 $12.9
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
24. Salaries in advertising
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments
for inflation in advertising - Bachelor’s degree recipients
$28.0
In thousands
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
$26.0
$24.0
$22.0
$20.0
$18.0
$16.0
$14.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
)
$
$
$
$12.0
$10.0
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $14.7 $15.0 $16.4 $18.0 $18.5 $18.1 $18.5 $19.0 $20.0 $20.4 $22.0 $22.0 $25.0 $25.0 $27.0 $26.5 $27.0
In 1985 Dollars $14.4 $14.2 $14.8 $15.5 $15.0 $14.1 $14.0 $13.9 $14.2 $14.1 $14.7 $14.5 $16.2 $15.7 $16.4 $15.9 $15.8
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
25. Salaries in PR
Annual nominal median salaries and adjustments for
inflation in public relations - Bachelor’s degree recipients
In thousands
$30.0
$26.0
$24.0
$22.0
$20.0
$18.0
$16.0
$14.0
)
) Nominal Salary
$ In 1985 Dollars
$28.0
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
$
)
)
$
$
)
)
$
$
$
)
)
$
$
$12.0
$10.0
$8.0
$6.0
$4.0
$2.0
$0.0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Nominal Salary $15.3 $16.7 $18.4 $19.0 $19.7 $20.0 $19.5 $20.9 $21.0 $22.0 $23.0 $23.1 $25.0 $25.0 $29.0 $27.8 $27.0
In 1985 Dollars $15.0 $15.8 $16.6 $16.3 $16.0 $15.6 $14.7 $15.3 $14.9 $15.2 $15.4 $15.2 $16.2 $15.7 $17.6 $16.6 $15.8
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
26. Salaries compared
Median yearly salaries for 2002 Bachelor’s
degree recipients with full-time jobs
All
$26,000
Dailies
$25,000
Weeklies
$22,000
Radio
$24,000
Television
$22,000
Cable Television
Salary
$28,500
Advertising
$27,000
Public Relations
$27,000
Consumer Magazines
$27,350
Newsletters, Trades
$28,655
WWW
$26,000
$1,000
$10,000
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
27. Salaries by region
Median yearly salaries for 2002 Bachelor’s degree recipients
with full-time jobs
Northeast
Median salary:
$27,352
N=293
Midwest
Median salary: $26,000
N=408
West
Median salary:
$26,480
N=304
South
Median salary:
$26,000
N=638
28. Union membership of JMC graduates
Union membership of Bachelor’s degree recipients
5
4
Percent
3.7
4.1
3.9
3.3
1997
1998
2001
2002
4.2
3.4
4.1
3.6
3
2
1
0
All
Employed full-time
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
Associated Press Poll, August 2001
29. Yearly salary for union members and
non-union workers
Median salary per year for Bachelor’s degree recipients with
full-time jobs: union and non-union
$32
In thousands
Union members salary
$30
$28
$27
$26
$25
$26
$23
$24
Non-union workers salary
$26
$26.5
$26
$24
$22
$20
$18
$16
$14
$12
$10
$8
$6
$4
$2
$0
1997
1998
2001
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
2002
30. Job benefits I
Benefits available to Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
Percent
Basic Med.1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
29.5
29.7
33.1
30.6
33.4
36.6
33.9
32.9
33
30.4
25.3
Major Med.1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
45.4
46.3
44.3
48.4
46.6
45.9
48.6
50.5
49
47.8
54
25.1
25.2
27.4
24.8
25.8
28.2
27.2
26.4
24.7
22.6
19.1
Disability1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
47.5
49.1
46.7
51.5
52.4
52
52.2
54.2
55.6
52
56.4
19.1
22.3
22
21.5
22
22.7
22.3
22.3
22.4
20.4
17.9
0
33.1
32.1
33.9
34.9
37.6
38.1
36.9
39.1
41
35.4
40.2
20
40
Employer Pays All
Employer Pays Part
60
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
80
100
31. Job benefits II
Benefits available to Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
Percent
Prescription 1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
13
12.9
15.8
14.6
16.4
16.5
16.6
16.9
15.7
13.7
13.6
1999
2000
2001
2002
Dental 1992
1993
1994
45.3
48.5
48.6
54.7
55.9
59.3
59.1
61
60.8
58.3
59.4
17.9
19.2
23.1
21.4
21.5
25.8
24.8
23.8
24.9
22.3
19.4
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Life Insur. 1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
37.6
39.3
37.1
42.6
44
43.9
45.1
48.9
47
44.9
49.6
25.8
28.4
28.2
26.4
28.5
29.9
28.4
30.2
30.5
25.5
23.2
0
29.7
29.2
28.7
32.6
32.7
33
33.9
35.7
36.5
33.9
36.2
20
40
Employer Pays All
Employer Pays Part
60
80
100
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
32. Job benefits III
Benefits available to Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
Percent
Mat./Paternity 1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Child Care 1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
23.3
24.8
28.7
28.7
30
34.5
32.8
35.4
35.1
32.4
29.4
23.9
29.6
29.6
31.1
35.1
31.8
34.2
34.6
34.4
31.4
34.6
Employer Pays All
Employer Pays Some
2
9.6
4.2
12.8
4.4
11.9
3.4
15.8
4.5
15.5
4.4
15.8
4.6
18.2
3.9
18.2
5.7
19.1
5
17.4
3.6
17.2
Retirement 1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
16.2
14.3
16.3
15.8
15.3
16
15.3
15.3
17.3
15
12.3
0
36.1
39.8
40
42.4
47.3
48.4
50
52.6
51.7
46.9
50.7
20
40
60
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
80
100
33. Why jobs chosen
Employed Bachelor’s degree recipients' reasons for selecting jobs
Percent of “very important”
100
80
56.1
60
)
51.7
)
40
63.9
61.5
60.1
58.9
)
)
)
)
61.6
)
64.6
)
)
' Available
) What want to do
35.0
'
26.2
'
56.7
33.9
55.6
)
36.5
'
'
26.3
23.5
'
'
20
19.6
19.2
18.2
'
17.7
'
'
1998
1999
2000
'
0
1993
(N = 1787)
1994
1995
1996
(N = 1682) (N = 1748) (N = 1675)
1997
(N = 1818) (N =2222) (N = 2211)
(N = 1768)
2001
2002
(N=2739) (N=2798)
N=2739
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
34. Overall job situation
Question: Thinking about your overall situation including things such as wages, benefits and
working conditions, would you say: 1. Things are fine as they are. 2. Small improvements are
needed. 3. Some improvements are need. 4. A lot of improvements are needed. 5. I’m not sure.
100
Percent
2001
2002
80
60
40
23.4
22.4
24.7
25.6
25.2
24.5
23.5
23.7
20
3.2
3.8
0
Things are fine
Some improvements needed
Not sure
Small improvements needed
A lot of improvement needed
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
Hart AFL-CIO Survey, July 2001
35. Job satisfaction
Job satisfaction of employed Bachelor’s degree recipients:
percent very satisfied
Percent
100
+ Full Time Work
, Part Time Work
80
60
40
+
20
+
+
,
,
,
0
+
+
+
+
+
,
,
,
,
,
+
,
+
+
,
,
+
+
+
,
,
,
+
+
,
,
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Full Time Work 38.7 32.8
N
799
Part Time Work 14.7
N
143
33.7 31.4 28.1 30.6 31.4
34 38.5 35.8 35.5 34.1 34.8 34.8 28.9 30.2
409 1536 1565 1511 1651 1472 1461 1546 1516 1574 1658 2026 2030 1802 1762
3.6
11
6.9
8.1
9.8
8.2 11.6
56
209
277
347
378
318
267
15 15.3 15.3
253
216
176
8.4
9.5 10.7 10.7
9.8
131
179
327
197
272
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
36. Regret career choices
Bachelor’s degree recipients who wish they had selected another career
100
Percent
1998
1999
2000
80
2001
73
68.5
68.1
64
2002
64.6
60
40
30.4
31.6
27.3
22.7
26.9
20
5.5 4.2 4.3
0
Yes
No
5
3.5
Never planned
communications career
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
37. Retirement plans
Attitudes toward retirement of Bachelor’s degree recipients with jobs
Percent
25
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
22.3
20.8
20
18
18.9
17.7
16.4
15
10
5.8
4.4
5
4.2
4.8
4.9
4.7
0
Expect to Retire with Company
Expect to Retire in Occupation
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
38. Organizational pride
Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
100
Percent
2000
80
2001
2002
75.2
2000 N=2036
2001 N=1802
2002 N=1763
69.6 69.7
60
Statement: I am proud to be working
for my firm/organization.
40
19.1
20
22.1 22.5
5.6
8.4
0
Agree
Neutral, not sure
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication
Disagree
7.8
39. Organizational commitment
Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
Percent
50
2000
40
2002
2000 N=2036
2001 N=1803
2002 N=1763
40.2
37.4
37.2
37
2001
33.6
32.9
30
Statement: Overall, how commited do
you feel to your company?
20
15.8
18.1 17.6
11.7 11.7
10
7.1
0
Very commited
Moderately committed
Somewhat committed
Not at all committed
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
40. Meaningfulness of work
Bachelor’s degree recipients with full-time jobs
Percent
100
2000
2001
2000 N=2275
2001 N=1798
2002 N=1760
80
63.8
60
2002
Statement: The work I do is meaningful
to me.
58.7 58.9
40
23.2
24
23.9
20
17.3 17.2
13
0
Agree
Neutral, not sure
Disagree
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
41. Debt at graduation
Bachelor’s degree recipients who had debt at graduation
100
Percent
80
60
$
$
1990
47.1
1991
47.6
$
$
$
$
$
1995
56.2
2000
55.7
2001
55.1
2002
56.6
40
20
0
Students with debt
$
1992
52
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
42. Debt because of college
Bachelor’s degree recipients’ debt at year of graduation
50
Percent
1995
44.9
43.8 44.3
43.4
2000
2001
2002
40
29.4
30
27.4 27.5
18.7
20
12.7
12.3
8.2 8.5 7.8
10
12.6
10.6
9.4 10.1 9.6
9
9.8
0
no debt
less than $5,000
$5,000-$9,999
$10,000-$14,999
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
$15,000 and higher
43. Employment and salary with GDP and
advertising expenditures
Trend lines and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Billion
Thousand
Correlation Coefficient
10000
200
0.96
5000
0.64
100
Thousand
0.78
0.52
10
0.73
80
Percent
0.31
20
60
40
20
0
GDP
Total Advertising Expenditure
Median salary
Full-time employment rate
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Sources: Bureau of Economic Analysis, http://www.bea.doc.gov/
Bob Coen's Insider Report, at www.mccann.com/insight.bobcoen.html
Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S1. What they studied
Specialty within curriculum of Bachelor’s degree recipients
Percent
50
40
30
20
+
)
*
*
+
)
)*
+
)
*
+
*
)
+
*
)
+
)*
+
*
)
+
)*
+
10
News-editorial
*
)
+
*
)
+
*
)
+
*
)
+
*
)
*
)
)*
)*
+
+
+
+
* Broadcasting ) Public relations + Advertising
Other
0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
News-editorial
Broadcasting
Public relations
Advertising
Other
(N)
21.8
17.6
20.5
20.8
19.3
943
18.3
22.7
16
19.6
23.4
1252
20.7
20.1
19.2
16.2
23.8
711
16.7
17.8
19.8
16.2
29.5
2171
15.7
22.6
17.1
16.2
28.4
2448
17.1
21.5
18.2
14.5
28.7
2500
16.2
19.1
17.2
16
31.5
2670
18.6
18.7
19.3
15.2
28.2
2397
18.2
21.6
17.6
13.3
29.4
2238
17.9
25.3
18.3
12.3
26.2
2296
17.9
22.4
18.8
13.1
27.7
2241
16.4
24.2
20.5
12.5
26.3
2169
17.3
24.1
16.4
9.8
32.3
2391
17.2
22.3
19.5
11.8
29.3
2672
14.5
22.1
17.8
11.9
33.7
2734
13.9
19.8
19.1
12.3
35
2739
14.3
19.4
19.4
12.5
34.3
2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S2. Campus activities
Campus activities of Bachelor’s degree recipients
100
Percent
80
60
) Newspaper Yearbook # Radio
$ Television
& Magazine + WWW.Site Media internship
)
)
40
20
)
)
)
)
)
#
$
#
$
#
$
#
$
#
$
)
#
$
)
)
#
$
#
$
0
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
#
$
&
+
#
$
&
+
#
$
&
+
$
#
&
+
$
#
&
+
$
#
&
+
$
#
&
+
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Newspaper
Yearbook
Brdcst. station
Radio
Television
Magazine
WWW.Site
Media internship
(N)
58.4
18.7
38.8
46.2 39.1
12.6 5.2
30.8
18.7
12.8
37.2
6.1
35
7.3
33.6
6.6
33.3
6.5
34
5.6
33.8
5.9
33.9
4.9
20.8
13.4
18.3
12.8
18.6
15
18.7
14.1
16.1
13.8
16.2
14.4
19.1
17.7
34.5
5.1
33.8
3.9
35.6
5
32.5
4.1
34.1
4.2
31.8
3.8
32.8
3.8
16.9 18.3 19.5 15.1 15.1 13.7 14.6
15.7 16.5 19.5 17.1 16.2 14.6 15.3
6.4
7.3
7.3
7.9
6.6
7.1
6.9
1.3
3.4
3.7
3.4
3.3
3
3.4
67.9 78.5 74.8 77.1 78.6 77.4 78.2 77.7 76.9
81 79.6 82.2 82.2 79.5 80.4 77.9 78.3
943 1252 711 2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2296 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S3. Grade point averages
Final grades of Bachelor’s degree recipients
Percent
100
'A $B )C
80
$
$
$
$
$
60
$
$
$
40
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
20
0
'
)
$
$
$
$
$
'
'
'
'
'
)
)
)
)
)
$
'
)
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
A 26.2
B 70.1
C
3.7
24.5
72.1
3.4
26.7
69.4
3.8
26.6
69.7
3.6
29.7
66.6
3.7
30.7
65.3
4
31.5
65.6
2.9
36.5
60.4
3
31.3
61.4
7.4
33.5
59.4
7.1
35.6
56.5
7.9
36.3
57.5
6.2
37.7
55.6
6.7
41.1
52.7
6.2
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S4. Grades by major
Final grades of Bachelor’s degree recipients by major: percent with A or A100
80
Percent
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
60
44.6
42.6 43
40
39.7
34.8
32.7
37
33
39.4
35.436.1
38.5
35.9
34.235.2
29.9
30.6
40.3
36.436.9
34.1
30.6
34.3 35
35.6
40.4
37 35.9
26.826.4
20
0
Print journalism
Broadcasting
Advertising
PR
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
Other
S5. Seeking print jobs
Jobs sought by Bachelor’s degree recipients in the area of print media.
Excludes students not seeking jobs
Percent
50
) Dailies ' Weeklies $ WWW
40
30
)
20
)
'
'
10
)
'
)
'
)
'
)
'
)
'
)
)
)
'
$
$'
$'
)
$'
)
$
'
)
)
$'
'
$
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Dailies
Weeklies
Magazines
Consumer Magazines
Trade Press
Book Publishers
Wire Services
Newsletters
Newsletter/Mags
WWW
(N)
24
14.3
14.6
22.3
13.5
13.5
21.5
15
13.8
22.1
14.4
13.1
21.8
14.9
13
21.2
13.3
11.2
19.2
11.8
12.3
9.9
3.1
9.1
3
11.5
9.1
9.6
2.8
10.1
3.5
8
2.7
3.2
4.8
6.2
2.8
2.4
4.8
2190
2434
2465
2670
2392
2238
2296
22.3
12.2
20.6
10.8
22.8
12.6
21.4
12.5
19.4
9.1
22.7
12.5
24.7
13
7.3
7.6
7.9
2.7
2.2
5.2
6.6
2241
6.9
7.1
6.7
2.9
1.7
4.7
9.2
2169
8
7.5
7.8
3.8
2.5
5
10.3
2235
7.6
6
6.8
3.6
1.9
4.6
12.4
2679
8.2
6.1
6.4
3.4
1.4
3.9
12.7
2734
10.3
6.9
8.3
4.5
2
4.5
10.3
2739
10.2
6.3
8.3
4.5
1.7
4.7
7.9
2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S6. Seeking broadcast jobs
Jobs sought by Bachelor’s degree recipients in the area of broadcasting.
Excludes students not seeking jobs
50
Percent
+ Television station * Radio station ) Cable television
40
30
20
10
+
*
)
+
+
+
+
+
+
*
)
*
)
*
)
*
)
*
)
*
)
+
+
*
)
*
)
+
+
)*
)*
+
)*
+
+
*
)
*
)
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Television station 21.5
Radio station 16.4
Cable television
9.2
(N) 2190
25.6
18
13
2434
24.5
17.3
13.2
2465
22.7
16
10.8
2670
23.2
15.8
12.8
2392
22.9
16.3
11.9
2238
26.9
14.7
12.6
2296
26.7
15.7
12.5
2241
25.1
13.9
11.2
2169
27.8
14
12.5
2235
23.1
11.8
10
2679
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
22.8
10.6
10.9
2734
26.3
16.9
11.9
2739
25.7
16.2
12.5
2798
S7. Seeking PR/advertising jobs
Jobs sought by Bachelor’s degree recipients in the area of PR
and advertising. Excludes students not seeking jobs
Percent
50
40
30
*
+
)
$
20
*
+
)
$
+
)*
$
10
*
+
)
$
+
*
)
$
+
)*
$
*
+
)
$
+
*
)
+
)*
+
)*
+
)*
)*
+
$
$
$
$
$
+
*
)
+
)*
$
$
) Public relations agency + Public relations department
* Advertising agency
$ Advertising department
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Public relations agency 22.9
Public relations department 26.1
Advertising agency 26.5
Advertising department 16.8
(N) 2190
21.3
24.3
26
16.9
2434
24.1
28.7
24.9
16.6
2465
22.5
26.6
26.8
17.8
2670
21.6
26.4
23.7
15.8
2392
21.1
23.7
23
13.6
2238
20.4
22
22.8
13.6
2296
23
25.9
25.3
14.9
2241
24.5
25.9
25.2
14.3
2169
24.7
25.7
25.1
15.2
2235
23.9
25.9
24.1
14.7
2679
23
22.7
24.2
13.6
2734
26.7
30.1
29.9
19.8
2739
26.9
27.8
26.8
17.1
2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S8. News-editorial tasks
Bachelor’s degree recipients' job tasks in the area of print journalism
20
Percent
+ Writing/reporting * Editing/page layout
) Combination
$ Technical writing
15
10
+
)
+
)
+
*
$
)
*
$
5
*
0
$
+
)
*
$
+
)
*
$
+
)
*
$
+
)
*
$
+
)
*
$
+
+
+
)
*
)
)
+
)
*
*
*
*
$
$
$
$
$
+
)
)
+
+
)
*
$
*
$
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Writing/reporting 11.5
Editing/page layout
3.1
Combination 9.6
Technical writing 0.1
(N) 711
9.7
7.5
7.2
6.6
6.4
8
8.4
7.5
9.6
9.5
9
8.2
6
6
2.6
2.5
2.1
2.5
2.1
3.9
2.7
3.9
3.7
3.1
3.1
3.5
2
1.9
7.5
4.6
5.3
4.8
5
6.6
6.7
5.4
6.4
6.5
8.3
7.2
6.7
5.5
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.7
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.5
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.3
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S9. Advertising tasks
Bachelor’s degree recipients' job tasks in the area of advertising
20
Percent
+ Producing ads
* Selling/placing ads
15
10
5
*
+
*
+
*
+
*
+
*
+
*
*
+
*
+
+
*
+
*
+
*
*
*
+
+
+
*
+
0
*
+
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Producing ads
Selling/placing ads
(N)
3
6.2
711
3.5
2.7
1.5
2.4
1.5
2.1
2
2.4
2.4
1.6
1.8
1.7
1.7
0.8
4.2
4.8
3.6
3.8
3.4
4.4
3.6
3.2
4.2
4
4.3
4.6
3.2
3.7
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S10. Corporate communication tasks
Bachelor’s degree recipients' job tasks in the area
of corporate marketing and communication
Percent
20
+ Promotion/marketing
* Corp. communication
15
10
+
+
5
*
+
*
+
+
+
+
*
*
*
*
+
*
+
+
*
*
+
+
*
*
+
*
+
*
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Promotion/marketing 10.8
Corp. communication
(N) 2171
8.1
4.5
2448
8.6
4.3
2500
8.1
4.9
2670
8.2
5.2
2397
7.8
5.5
2238
9.5
5.6
2282
9.2
6.6
2241
10.7
6.5
2169
9.1
5.6
2235
10.6
5.8
2679
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
9.9
6
2734
7.7
5.8
2739
7.6
5.1
2798
S11. Newspaper work
Bachelor’s degree recipients working in newspaper jobs
20
Percent
+ Daily * Weekly , Wire
15
10
+
5
0
+
*
,
*
+
*
,
,
+
*
+
+
+
*
*
*
+
*
,
,
,
,
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
+
*
,
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Daily
Weekly
Wire
(N)
8
5.6
1.3
711
7.3
5.3
4.8
5.5
5.1
5.8
4.9
5.7
6.7
5.8
7.2
6.3
5
5.9
3.5
3.2
2.9
2.5
2.8
3.2
3
2.2
2.1
2.5
2.5
1.9
1.9
1.8
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.4
0.6
0.5
0.6
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S12. Telecommunication work
Bachelor’s degree recipients working in telecommunications jobs
20
Percent
+ Radio * Television , Cable
15
10
*
5
*
+
,
0
*
+
,
*
+
,
*
*
+
,
*
+
,
*
+
,
+
,
+
,
*
*
,
+
,
+
*
+
,
*
+
,
*
,
+
*
*
+
,
+
,
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Radio
Television
Cable
(N)
3.8
4.5
1.4
711
3.4
2.9
2.7
1.8
2.5
1.7
2.5
2.2
1.9
2.2
2
2
2.3
1.8
4.6
4.3
3.1
3.2
3.3
5.2
6.7
6.2
6.6
7.5
7.4
6.5
5.2
5.2
1.6
1
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.2
2
2.3
2.5
2.1
1.9
2.4
1.6
1.1
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S13. PR and advertising work
Bachelor’s degree recipients working in public relations and advertising
Percent
20
+ PR Agency
* Ad Agency
, PR Department ) Ad Department
15
10
,*
5
*
,
+
)
+
)
,*
+
)
*
,
)
+
,*
+
)
0
*
+
,
)
*
+
,
)
*
+
,
)
*
,
+
)
*
,
+
)
,*
+
)
*
+
,
)
*
+
,
)
*
+
,
)
+
,*
)
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
PR Agency
Ad Agency
PR Department
Ad Department
(N)
2.8
5.9
5.5
2.8
711
2.1
1.7
2.2
1.2
1.9
2.3
2.8
3.3
3.9
3.2
3.9
4.2
2.1
2.7
4.6
4
3.5
4.2
3.7
3.9
4.6
4.8
5
5.5
5.4
5.4
3.9
2.9
3.6
3.8
4
3.3
3
3
3.5
2.7
3.3
2.7
3.1
2.2
2
2.1
1.8
1.7
1.2
1.7
1.1
1.5
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
1
1.1
1
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S14. Other communication work
Bachelor’s degree recipients working for magazines,
newsletters/ trade press, book publishers, WWW
Percent
20
+ Magazines * Newsletters/Trade press , Books $ WWW
15
10
5
0
+
,
+
,
+
,
+
,
+
,
+
,*
+
,
+
,*
+
$
,*
*
+
$
,
*
+
$
,
$*
+
,
+
$*
,
+
$
,*
+
,*
$
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Magazines
Newsletters/Trade press
Books
WWW
(N)
2.5
1
711
2.7
2.1
1.5
2
2
2.3
0.7
0.9
1.9
0.5
0.6
1.5
1.3
1.2
1.4
1.9
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.8
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.2
1.1
1.2
0.9
0.8
0.9
1
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.5
0.5
0.9
1.1
1.1
2
1.6
0.5
0.4
2171 2448 2500 2670 2397 2238 2282 2241 2169 2235 2679 2734 2739 2798
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S15. Hiring news students
Employers of Bachelor’s degree recipients with a news-editorial emphasis
Percent
100
80
60
+
+
40
+
+
+
+
+
+
20
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Newspaper, wire
Broadcasting
Public relations
Advertising
Other comm.
In School
Unempl.
Non comm.
(N)
+
40.6
47 37.4 34.5 30.6
0.5 0.9 2.5 1.3 1.9
6.8 3.5 5.5 5.3 5.2
1.8 1.7 2.7 2.4 1.9
12.8 6.1 16.2 14.7 12.4
12.3 8.7 8.5 9.2 9.5
10 14.8 13.2 15.6
14
15.1 17.4
14 16.8 24.5
219 115 364 380 421
32.3
1.2
4.4
1.2
18.6
10.5
12.8
19.1
430
26.8 34.7 32.6 32.2 34.9 36.4 41.7 36.2 32.6
1.8 1.5 2.2 3.2 3.1 1.4 2.4
1 1.9
5.6 3.7 3.9
5 2.5 2.9 3.1 2.5 0.8
1.4
1 2.5 2.2 2.8 0.3 1.5
1 1.3
18.7 22.3 19.9 20.2
22
22 22.3 25.3 18.2
11.5 8.7 8.1
9 9.6 6.7 5.7 6.8 7.5
14.9 9.9
14 11.5 11.5 12.3 9.2 13.2 17.9
19.4 18.3 16.9 16.7 13.5
18 14.2 13.9 19.8
444 404 408 401 355 373 458 395 374
36.1
2.8
2
0.8
16.5
8
12.8
21.1
399
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S16. Hiring broadcast students
Students with an emphasis in telecommunications
who choose their own specialty
Percent
100
80
60
40
20
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Telecommunications
Newspaper, wire
Public relations
Advertising
Other comm.
In School
Unempl.
(N)
$
30.5 43.3 32.1 24.7
22 20.3 22.9 28.3 33.3 34.9
34 36.6 38.1 36.5
32 28.9
2.9 2.9 3.7 2.2 0.8
2 1.8 1.2 1.7
1 2.1 1.5 2.9 2.5 2.2 0.7
1.8 7.7 2.9 2.2 2.3 1.8 2.2 1.9 3.3 1.4 2.3 1.6 2.4 1.8 1.9 1.5
1.4 6.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.4 0.9 1.7
1 1.4 1.3 1.5 2.4
2 1.3 1.3
21.9 3.8 21.8 18.6 16.5 19.9 18.4 19.8 18.5 16.4 20.5 22.9 17.5 18.6 18.3
18
4.7 5.8 4.7 5.3 6.1 8.5 3.8 6.2 5.7 4.4 4.2 3.7 4.7 5.1 7.5 6.7
16.1 11.5 12.9 17.2 17.6 17.3 19.5
16
13 18.8 14.8 16.2 13.5 14.8 15.5 18.5
279 104 380 547 527 508 446 481 579 495 521 542 593 602 543 540
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S17. Hiring ad students
Students with an advertising emphasis who choose their own specialty
Percent
100
80
60
40
'
'
20
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
'
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Advertising
Broadcasting
Public relations
Newspaper, wire
Other comm.
In School
Unempl.
Non comm.
(N)
'
23.7 33.7 22.4
21 19.6 22.2 18.9 26.4
3.3 4.5
4 2.3
2 1.6 3.3 0.7
1.7 6.7 4.9 4.9 5.6 4.4 3.1 0.7
4.6 6.7 6.9 4.9 4.8 5.2 5.6 4.7
14.1 5.6 19.8 1.2 17.9 18.7 21.4 22.7
7.9 2.2 5.2 6.4 4.5 5.9 5.6 6.8
13.7 11.2 13.8 14.6 17.6 14.5 15.8 14.6
31.1 29.2
23 27.7
28 27.4 26.4 23.4
241
89 348 390 357 427 360 295
28.4 30.6 31.5 35.1 31.3 31.3 22.2 18.3
1.4
1 2.6 2.6 4.2 3.4
3 1.7
2.9 2.1 1.9 2.6 2.2 1.6 0.6
2
3.2 5.8 4.8 3.9 3.5 4.1 2.1 5.4
23.7 23.4 27.4 22.4 25.6 24.7 21.6 24.6
6.1 6.5 5.2 5.6 5.8 7.2 8.1 7.2
11.9
12
10 7.4 11.5 9.1 16.2 14.9
22.3 18.6 16.7 20.3
16 18.8 26.3 25.8
278 291 270 231 313 320 334 349
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S18. Hiring PR students
Students with a public relations emphasis who choose their own specialty
Percent
100
80
60
40
)
20
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
0
1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Public relations
Broadcasting
Newspaper, wire
Advertising
Other comm.
In School
Unempl.
Non comm.
(N)
)
27.6
1
2
6.1
12.2
5.1
15.8
30.1
196
26.2
1
3.9
3.9
12.6
8.7
15.5
28.2
103
20.1 17.4
21 15.5 19.5
18 18.1 18.3 23.4 21.3 21.9 22.7 12.4 15.2
1.6 1.7 1.6 0.9 2.2 0.8 2.2 1.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 2.5 2.1 1.1
3.7 3.2 2.5 1.5 2.6 1.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 1.1 1.4 2.3
1 1.1
2.3
2
2 2.8 2.8 2.6 1.9 2.4 1.4 5.2 3.3 3.5 2.7 0.6
31.1 30.4 27.1 29.7 29.3 35.7 32.8 33.4 39.1 42.8 41.8 39.8 38.6 30.9
6.1 6.9
7 6.1 7.4 6.2 6.3 10.1
7 6.5 6.2 8.3
8 10.4
15.4 14.5 15.3 14.2 14.4 15.2 13.7 9.6 8.2 7.3 7.7 6.5 14.2 16.2
19.6
24 23.5 29.3 21.7 20.1 22.7 21.9 17.3 14.7 16.6 14.4
21 24.5
428 408 443 458 457 389 415 416 440 382 517 480 515 538
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S19. Where grads seek work
Types of jobs sought by journalism and mass communication
Bachelor's degree recipients in 2002
Daily
20 (8,410)
11.4 (4,790)
Weekly
Wire
3.9 (1,640)
14.3 (6,010)
Radio
22.6 (9,510)
TV
Percentages,
with projected
number
of students
in parentheses.
11 (4,630)
Cable
23.6 (9,930)
23.6 (9,930)
PR Agency
Ad Agency
24.5 (10,300)
PR Department
15 (6,310)
Ad Department
8.9 (3,740)
Consumer Magazine
Trade Press
5.5 (2,310)
1.5 (630)
Newsletter
Magazine/Newsletter
4.1 (1,720)
7.3 (3,070)
7 (2,940)
Book Publisher
WWW
0
10
20
30
40
50
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S20. Minorities and job seeking I
Types of jobs sought by journalism and mass communication
Bachelor's degree recipients in 2002
22.4 (2,150)
21.5 (6,980)
Daily
10.6 (1,020)
11.5 (3,730)
Weekly
Percentages,
with projected
number
of students
in parentheses.
5.2 (500)
3.5 (1,140)
Wire
15.6 (1,500)
14 (4,550)
Radio
TV
21.2 (6,880)
28 (2,690)
2002 Minority
2002 Non-minority
13.2 (1,270)
10.5 (3,410)
Cable
20.4 (1,960)
24.5 (7,960)
17.8 (1,710)
25.1 (8,150)
18.6 (1,780)
26 (8,440)
11.3 (1,080)
16.1 (5,230)
PR Agency
Ad Agency
PR Department
Ad Department
0
10
20
30
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
40
50
S21. Minorities and job seeking II
Types of jobs sought by journalism and mass communication
Bachelor's degree recipients in 2002
7.6 (730)
9.3 (3,020)
Consumer Magazine
Percentages,
with projected
number
of students
in parentheses.
4.1 (390)
5.9 (1,920)
Trade Press
1.3 (120)
1.5 (490)
Newsletter
2002 Minority
2002 Non-minority
4.8 (460)
4 (1,300)
Magazine Newsletter
6.1 (580)
7.5 (2,440)
Book Publisher
8.7 (830)
6.6 (2,140)
WWW
0
10
20
30
40
50
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S22. Gender and job seeking I
Types of jobs sought by journalism and mass communication
Bachelor's degree recipients in 2002
20.1
Daily
(5,460)
25.7 (3,830)
11.1 (3,020)
12.2 (1,820)
Weekly
3.3 (900)
5.8 (860)
Wire
13 (3,530)
17.8 (2,650)
Radio
Percentages,
with projected
number
of students
in parentheses.
20.6 (5,600)
TV
28 (4,170)
9.4 (2,550)
Cable
PR Agency
15.1 (2,250)
17.5 (2,610)
2002 Female
2002 Male
25.8 (7,010)
24.2 (6,580)
Ad Agency
21.8 (3,250)
PR Department
16.6 (2,470)
27.3 (7,420)
15.2 (4,130)
14.6 (2,170)
Ad Department
0
10
20
30
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
40
50
S23. Gender and job seeking II
Types of jobs sought by journalism and mass communication
Bachelor's degree recipients in 2002
10.1 (2,740)
5.9 (880)
Consumer Magazine
Percentages,
with projected
number
of students
in parentheses.
5.8 (1,580)
4.8 (710)
Trade Press
1.6 (430)
1.3 (190)
Newsletter
2002 Female
2002 Male
4.6 (1,250)
2.8 (420)
Magazine Newsletter
8.6 (2,340)
3.9 (580)
Book Publisher
6.2 (1,680)
9.2 (1,370)
WWW
0
10
20
30
40
50
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S24. Overtime without pay
Bachelor’s degree recipients working more than 40 hours per week
as full-time employees without reimbursement
Percent
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
24.3
24.2
25
24.8
25
25.2
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
24.7
24
1999
2000
23
23
2001
2002
19.5
15
10
5
0
1992
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
S25. Software use
Types of software used by the Bachelor’s degree recipients:
design, graphic editing, web, photo
100
Percent
1999
2000
2001
2002
80
60
55.8
51.8
47.8
43.4
40
20.5 19.3
18.1
20
20.7
16.1
15.7 14.4
14.4
10.4
7.9
8.9
22.4 21.8 22.3
12.4 11.7
0
Design
Graphic
Editing
Source: Annual Survey of Journalism & Mass Communication Graduates
Web
Photo
Appendix Table 1. Median Salaries by Employer Type
CPI-U Cumulative from '85
1986
1.020
1987
1.060
1988
1.107
1989
1.164
Master Total
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
1990
1.231
1991
1.286
1992
1.327
1993
1.369
1994
1.406
1995
1.447
1996
1.495
1997
1.520
1998
1.545
1999
1.593
2000
1.650
2001
1.670
2002
1.705
$481
$25,012
$20,318
108
$423
$21,996
$17,104
104
$476
$24,752
$18,653
106
$481
$25,012
$18,270
105
$481
$25,000
$17,781
95
$548
$28,500
$19,696
121
$554
$28,800
$19,264
89
$548
$577
$673
$602
$579
$615
$28,500 $30,000 $34,996 $31,304 $30,120 $32,000
$18,745 $19,421 $21,974 $18,973 $18,038 $18,770
119
118
112
108
102
105
Bachelor Total
Nominal salaries/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$270
$14,040
$13,765
644
$292
$15,184
$14,325
850
$325
$16,900
$15,266
490
$342
$17,784
$15,278
1,460
$346
$17,992
$14,616
1,544
$348
$18,096
$14,072
1,501
$350
$18,200
$13,715
1,597
$356
$18,512
$13,522
1,449
$385
$20,000
$14,225
1,409
$400
$20,800
$14,375
1,622
$413
$21,500
$14,381
1,532
$442
$462
$481
$519
$500
$500
$23,000 $24,000 $25,000 $26,988 $26,000 $26,000
$15,127 $15,537 $15,697 $16,357 $15,571 $15,251
1,523
1,624
1,969
1,978
1,749
1,695
Daily Newspapers
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$268
$13,936
$13,663
107
$268
$13,936
$13,147
84
$310
$16,120
$14,562
43
$327
$17,004
$14,608
133
$348
$18,096
$14,700
112
$350
$18,200
$14,152
107
$350
$18,200
$13,715
124
$350
$18,200
$13,294
96
$404
$21,000
$14,936
112
$423
$21,970
$15,183
114
$400
$20,800
$13,913
117
$404
$434
$480
$500
$498
$481
$21,000 $22,560 $24,960 $26,000 $25,896 $25,000
$13,812 $14,604 $15,672 $15,758 $15,509 $14,664
131
122
181
162
120
152
Weeklies
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$249
$12,948
$12,215
32
$275
$14,300
$12,918
33
$283
$14,716
$12,643
64
$300
$15,600
$12,673
68
$289
$15,028
$11,686
64
$300
$15,600
$11,756
51
$300
$15,600
$11,395
59
$300
$15,600
$11,095
64
$327
$17,000
$11,748
67
$350
$18,200
$12,174
44
$378
$389
$404
$440
$462
$423
$19,630 $20,250 $21,000 $22,880 $24,000 $22,000
$12,911 $13,109 $13,186 $13,867 $14,373 $12,905
40
50
59
47
43
45
Radio
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$246
$12,792
$12,068
37
$280
$14,560
$13,153
24
$260
$13,520
$11,615
53
$254
$13,208
$10,729
55
$269
$13,988
$10,877
43
$289
$15,028
$11,325
36
$325
$16,900
$12,345
35
$308
$16,000
$11,380
25
$327
$17,000
$11,748
39
$346
$18,000
$12,040
37
$385
$399
$433
$450
$481
$462
$20,000 $20,750 $22,500 $23,400 $25,000 $24,000
$13,154 $13,433 $14,128 $14,182 $14,972 $14,078
33
38
38
39
46
33
Television
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$249
$12,948
$12,215
49
$325
$16,900
$15,266
25
$293
$15,236
$13,089
79
$289
$15,028
$12,208
76
$278
$14,456
$11,241
60
$300
$15,600
$11,756
66
$300
$15,600
$11,395
58
$308
$16,000
$11,380
87
$346
$18,000
$12,440
120
$337
$17,500
$11,706
105
$360
$350
$384
$420
$413
$423
$18,720 $18,200 $19,968 $21,840 $21,500 $22,000
$12,312 $11,782 $12,538 $13,237 $12,876 $12,905
111
135
169
149
117
115
$346
$18,000
$15,464
29
$327
$17,000
$13,810
20
$404
$21,000
$16,330
19
$346
$18,000
$13,564
23
$363
$18,860
$13,776
22
$456
$23,700
$16,856
24
$412
$21,400
$14,789
36
$404
$21,000
$14,047
44
$404
$442
$450
$481
$538
$548
$21,000 $23,000 $23,400 $25,012 $28,000 $28,500
$13,812 $14,889 $14,693 $15,159 $16,769 $16,717
45
42
46
61
38
28
Cable Television
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
Appendix Table 1. Median Salaries by Employer Type
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
PR Agency/Dept
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$295
$15,340
$15,039
89
$322
$16,744
$15,796
94
$353
$18,356
$16,582
50
$365
$18,980
$16,306
108
$378
$19,656
$15,968
122
$385
$20,020
$15,568
136
$375
$19,500
$14,695
101
$402
$20,904
$15,270
101
$404
$21,000
$14,936
104
$423
$22,000
$15,204
138
$442
$23,000
$15,385
123
$444
$481
$481
$557
$534
$519
$23,088 $25,000 $25,012 $28,964 $27,750 $27,000
$15,185 $16,184 $15,705 $17,554 $16,619 $15,837
143
126
178
166
104
118
Ad Agency/Dept
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$283
$14,716
$14,427
100
$289
$15,028
$14,177
88
$315
$16,380
$14,797
55
$346
$17,992
$15,457
127
$356
$18,512
$15,038
122
$348
$18,096
$14,072
111
$356
$18,512
$13,950
137
$365
$18,980
$13,864
100
$385
$20,000
$14,225
114
$392
$20,400
$14,098
130
$423
$22,000
$14,716
129
$423
$481
$481
$519
$510
$519
$22,000 $25,000 $25,000 $26,988 $26,500 $27,000
$14,470 $16,184 $15,697 $16,357 $15,871 $15,837
127
142
164
171
124
99
$385
$20,000
$14,225
37
$469
$24,406
$16,867
38
$453
$23,570
$15,766
28
$446
$504
$500
$538
$577
$551
$23,200 $26,200 $26,000 $27,976 $30,000 $28,655
$15,259 $16,961 $16,325 $16,956 $17,967 $16,808
34
36
40
44
25
28
$404
$21,000
$14,936
44
$414
$21,548
$14,891
51
Consumer Magazine
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$447
$23,250
$15,552
28
$423
$481
$510
$543
$500
$526
$22,000 $25,000 $26,494 $28,236 $26,000 $27,350
$14,470 $16,184 $16,635 $17,113 $15,571 $16,043
26
25
34
48
37
28
Online Publishing
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$500
$26,000
$17,391
19
$525
$577
$538
$577
$644
$500
$27,320 $30,000 $28,000 $30,004 $33,500 $26,000
$17,969 $19,421 $17,581 $18,185 $20,063 $15,251
22
24
52
40
13
7
Newsletter/Trades
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
Magazine
Nominal salary/wk
Nominal salary/yr
Real Salary 85 $
N
$355
$18,470
$15,868
52
$365
$19,000
$15,435
47
$370
$19,250
$14,969
34
$370
$19,250
$14,506
44
$348
$18,078
$13,205
38
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002