A HOUSING SYSTEM: A STUDY OF AN INDUSTRIALIZED HOUSING SYSTEM IN METAL By: BRUCE M. HAXTON Bachelor of Architecture, University of Minnesota (1969) Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE, ADVANCED STUDIES A t the MA SSACHUSETT S INST ITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY May, 1973 Author.............. .. .. .... .. ... ...... . - ... Department of Arch itecture Certified by. .. .. .. .. .- . . ..-.. ' . .. ... b. ..... -- Thesis Advisor Accepted by.......... Ch i rman, -- Dew&icr.mental Committee on Graduate Students Rotch JUL 13 1973 May 11, 1973 Dean William Porter School of Architecture and Planning Massachusetts Institute of Technology Dear Dean Porter: In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture, Advanced Studies, I hereby submit this thesis entitled: A HOUSING SYSTEM: A STUDY OF AN INDUSTRIALIZED HOUSING SYSTEM IN METAL. Respectfully, Bruce M. Haxton ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to gratefully acknowledge the following people, whose assistance and advice have contributed significantly to the development of this thesis. Waclaw P. Zalewski Professor of Architecture Massachusetts Institute of Technology Thesis Advisor Eduardo Catalano Professor of Architecture Massachusetts Institute of Technology Aurthor D. Bernhardt Professor of Architecture Massachusetts Institute of Technology Ezra Ehrenkrantz Visiting Professor Massachusetts Institute of Technology James Bock Executive Vice President Bock Industries Incorporated TABLE OF CONTENTS Ti tle Page Letter of Submittal Acknowledgements Table of Contents Abstract Introduct ion Design Analysis Design Constraints Methodology Design Considerations Areas for Further Study User Requirement Study Market Study Design Study Design Categories Design Components Delivery Components Unit Plans Unit Cluster Plans Details Unit Model Bibliography ABSTRACT A HOUSING- SYSTEM: A STUDY OF AN INDUSTRIALIZED HOUSING SYSTEM IN METAL By BRUCE M. HAXTON Submitted to the Department of Architecture on May 11, 1973 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Architecture, Advanced Studies. The aim of this thesis is to study an industrialized housing system based on metal framed housing modules. These housing modules would be produced using assembly line techniques and delivered to the site for erection. The thesis contains three primary elements: 1) The user requirement study, 2) The market study, and 3) The design study. The user requirement and market studies were used to establish parameters for the design study. The design study demonstrates how basic living elements can be used to generate building modules that are delivered to the site to form dwelling units. Thesis Supervisor: Waclaw P. Zalewski Title: Professor of Structures INTRODUCT ION 1.1 The Problem A multitude of building systems are being marketed today to meet the numerous housing demands of the nation. Examples satisfy variations in family size and income level as well as providing a range of housing types. Mobile homes, for example, largely focus on rural, low-cost, single family housing. Con- versely, modular housing Is oriented toward larger extended families at a higher income level. Other systems have been developed for the urban apartment dweller using steel and concrete technology. Upon invest.igating a selected sample, the author has discovered inadeqacies in the design of these systems. It has been observed that many of these systems are based on preconceived or poorly analyzed design parameters. Program inconsistencies ex- ist which reflect a lack of a systematic investigation of three essential aspects; 1) Projected needs of the user; 2) An accurate assesment of market conditions; and 3) The effective and efficient application of utilizing existing factory production and distribution technology. 1.2 Obiective of the Studv This thesis is intended to provide the designers and producers of industrialized housing systems with a methodology and design example for integrating assembly-line production techniques, effective marketing, and user requirements. 1.3 Methodology Three primary elements form the thesis: 1) A user requirement study, 2) A market study, and 3) An illustrative design example. The user require- ment study and market study were used to establish design categories which are used as parameters for the design study. 1.4 Scope The design proposal is based on factory produced metal framed housing modules. These housing modules would be transported to the building site to form dwelling units of the following types: 1) Single family detached, 2) Single-family attached, and 3) Multi-family low-rise up to three stories in height. DESIGN ANALYSIS 2.1 Design Constraints Unit Constraints One to four bedroom Configurations Units limited to one floor only Units must accommodate variations in floor area and utilities Housing types will encompass single-family detached, single family attached, and multi-family low-rise up to three stories in in height Site Planning Constraints Units must form cluster arrangements The system must be suitable for single site application as well as multiple unit sites Manufacturing Constraints The system must be adaptable to assembly line production techniques The system should use existing manufacturing technology and products Transportation Constraints The maximum shipping width 14'-0" The maximum shipping length 70'-0" The maximum shipping height 13'-6" The maximum shipping weight 30 tons 2.2 Methodologv The procedure was to establish the ranges of various housing elements such as, living/dining square-footage, that could then be broken down into categories and used as design parameters. Minimum user requirements and housing examples were used to establish these ranges. User Requirement Study The User Requirement Study is divided into the following categories: 1) Living room requirements, 2) Dining room requirements, 3) Bedroom requirements, 4) Kitchen requirements, and 5) Bathroom requirements. The primary source used for the study was the Guide Criteria for the Design and Evaluation of Operation Breakthrough: Volumell.- Multi-family Low-rise. performed by the Building Research Division Team in 1970 and adopted by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development as the criteria for Operation Breakthrough. The study was used to generate and check room sizes and shapes, Market Study The market study was accomplished by taking a selected sample, Dwelling unit groups of similar bedroom counts formed subdivisions in the following categories: 1) Dwelling unit size, 2) LivIng and dining areas, 3) Kitchen counter length, and 4) Utilities. Design Study The user requirement and market studies were used to form the range of various housing elements to be used In the design study. The user requirements formed minimums while the market study idenifled the the upper limits for each housing element. The ranges for each housing element were then broken down into into categories within each bedroom count. Each category could be used as a set of design parameters for a particular unit design. 2.3 Design Considerations Building Form The cluster arrangement was used because it promotsocial interaction and was conducive to providing a hierarchy of spaces The social in planning arrangements. basis for this type of housing is cover- ed in Architectural Enyironment and Our Mental Health, by Clifford B. Moller. Manufacturing Considerations The use of existing materials would reduce the -"tooling up" aspect of production which could otherwise be an inhibiting factor. Box construction permits the highest degree of industrialization possible and labor costs are minimized. The ample supply of metal insures that material costs will not seriously escalate in the future. Metal construction allows close tolerance levels and rapid assembly. Transportation Considerations The use of the floor members as the chassis element for transportation allows a cost reduction. The wheel and hitch assembly are returned to the factory thus saving the cost of these items over existing mobile home practices. Marketing Considerations The market network that has been established by the mobile home industry could be used to market this system. Since the system encompasses both single family and multi-family structures a greater aggregation of the market is achieved. Construction Considerations The rigid frame structure promotes structural continuity during the erection process. The connections between units establishes a structural continuity thus establishes resistance to horizontal forces. The use of steel promotes tolerance control. The use of the metal frame allows easy erection lifting with the metal column connections. AREAS FOR FUTHER STUDY Futher study is needed in the following areas: Building Forms Double loaded corridor configurations and two story units should be investigated. Criteria and options should be established for intergrating more non-system elements into the unit designs. Structural and Code Requirements Additional structural calculations and tes t i ng should be made. Fire testing and building code accepta nce should be accomplished. Market Studies A more comprehensive market study should be made taking a wider sampling. A market anaylsis should be made of the specific market area. USER REQUIREMENT STUDY COUCH 3'-0" X 6'-101 ....... ........... ----- ---- - . ... ...... . ... .. ... .. .. . ............... .. .. ... . ... .. ... .. ............. . ............... .............. .............. .. .............. ........... .. .... .... ..... ....... .... . ..... ................. .. .. I....... ..... .... .... ... ..... ... ..... .. .... .... ....... .. ...... . .............. .. ...I .... .. ... .... .. .............. .... .. ............... ............. ............... ................. .............. .. .............. .. ............... ............. ............... .............. ........................... .. .. .... .......... .. ............. ............... .... .............. ................. ...... I.......... .............. .. .............. .... ............. . ............... .... .............. .. .............. ............. .... . ............... .. .............. 1*'*"*""'*"""'*"""*"'*"'** TWO EASY CHAIRS 2'-6" X 3'-0" each DESK 1'-8" X 3'-6" CHAIR 1'-6" X 1'-6" n - - TELEVISION 1'-4" X 2'-8" 60" 24"1 36" 10' 3011 -.1 L TABLE 1'-6" X 2'-6" .................. ............ .. ................ ............. .. - .. .. ......... .. .. . ............. ............. .. .. ............ .. .. . ............. .. .. ............ .. ............. .. . ............. ............ .. .. . .. ............ .. .. ............. .. . ............ .. .. . ............. .. .. ............ .......... .. .................. -- -----------.................. ................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. I D 5'-0" to view between facing seating circulation between furniture main circulation diameter of conversation area LIVING ROOM REQUIREMENTS ..... ...... F7LIZ.. I...... W .. 11'-0" -- 4 4 4 12 '-8" 13'-O" ... D... LIVING ROOM ARRANGEMENT TABLE FOR FOUR 3'-2" X 2'-6" 421 421 32"' 9'-4" 32" L - .... - .... .. 8 -8 ~-1 TABLE FOR SIX 3'-41" X 41-0" 42" 10 '-2" 32" 4 21 321" L --- ... ----------. . - - -... 9 '-6" TABLE FOR EIGHT 3'-4" X 6'-0" 42" ..... ]II 32 42"1 ]II ..-... . 32" access .for seating 42' for serving 48" from table to base cab Inets 12'-2" 32" L--------------.-..-....-........... -- --- -- --.-- _-_-_--- DINING ROOM REQUIREMENTS .................. TWO TWIN BEDS 3'-3" X 6'-10" ....................... ........................ .................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ........................ ....................... ........................ ................. ....................... ........................ ...................... ........................ ....................... ........................ ....................... ........................ .......... .............. ....................... ....................... ........................ ........... ......... ..................... ........... 12 ...... ... .. . ... . I----- .... :12 ....................... ... .... . ..... ............. .. .. . . ... ....................... ....................... ................ ...... ....................... .............. ........ ....................... ................. I..... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... .......... I............ .............. .......... ........................ .............. ....................... ....................... ....................... ........................ ....................... ........................ ....................... 1' ....................... .......... ............... 22" 4 L--- ----------------- 10'-4 1 1 CR I B 2'-6" X 4'-6" 4'-4" 22"11 DRESSER 1 '-6" X 4 '-4" ............................ .... ... ... ... ... .. . .... ....... .. . . .... .. .. ... ........................... ... .. ... .. ... ... ..... .... ... ....................... . ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................... ............................... ...................... ............................... ............................... ............................... 3611 L ---------- 41-611 J TABLE 2'-6" X l'-8" CHA I R 1'-6" X 1'-6" .... L....-.........-.. I L.. ... .. DRESSING AREA 3'-6" X 3'-6" PRIMARY BEDROOM BEDROOM REQUIREMENTS -4 12 ' -10" 11'-4" 14'-10" r ....................... .... ....... 11'0ii ............ ............... ..... PRIMARY BEDROOM - BEDROOM ARRANGEMENT ..........I...... TWO TWIN BEDS 3'-3" X 6'-10" each . .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ................ ... .. .. .. .. .... . .. ... .. ....................... . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . ... .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . ... ..... .. .. .. .. ... . ... .. .. .. ...... .. .. 777 . .. .. ... . ... .. ... .. .. .. .. ... . ... .. .. .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. ... . .. . . .. ... .. .. ... . ... ........... . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. . ... .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. ..... .. .. . ... .. .. ........... .. .. . ... .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. ............... ........ 2211 .. ................ 1 2 11 8 - 8 11 112 ....................... ...................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ...................... ..................... I . ... ... ....................... ................. ........ ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ....................... ................................... ........ ....... 2211 L------------------------101-411 ONE DOUBLE BED (ALTERNATE) 4 1'-6" X 6'-10" ...................... ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. ................................. .................... ....................... :12 22" ................................. ................................. ........... ................................ ................................. ................................ ................................. ................................ ..................... ..................................... 8' -8" ................................. ......................... .. .................. ................ 2211 L------------------ 7 -14" TWO DRESSERS 1'-6" X 4'-41" each 36" to use I ~ 36' Second dresser is desirable but not required. ..... I . . . .I.. . ... ... ... ... . I .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . . I . . . . .. . . . . ... I . . I.. .. . . . . . .. *I. . . I. ... . ...-. . .. ..- ...... .. ... .. - .L - DESK AND CHAIR 1'-8" X 3'-6" 30" to use 30'! DRESSING AREA 31-6" L----------a X 3'-6" SECONDARY DOUBLE OCCUPANCY BEDROOM BEDROOM REQUIREMENTS -- I--- 11'-4" -- - - 4 11'-4"' 10' -0" r-- ..... .. .. .. . .. .... ... . . .. . .. . .. . .... .. . . . . . . .. . L ........ . .... . ...... .. 10' -4" ...............I . .~ BEDOO SECONDARY OCCUPANCY DOUBLE BEDROOM . . ~~. . . . ... .. - .. . . . . . . . . . ... .. ... ARRANGEMENT ONE TWIN BED .. 3'-3"1 X 6'-10"1 I . . . .. . . .. . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . .. . .. . . ..I. .I... .. .. 12 ...... .I . .. . . .. .I.. .I . . .. . . .I.. . ..I. . . . . .. . .. . . 22';.... 8'-8" 22"......... ... . .. . .... .. LIII ..... ..... .. .. .. I L------------. DRESSER 1'-6" X 3'-6" I II......... DESK 1'-8" X 3'-6' CHA I R 1' -G" X 1'-6" ..I ........... 30.......... .............. .......... 22 The desk and chair are desirable but not required. DRESSING AREA 3'-6" X 3'-6" r i L-----. SECONDARY SINGLE OCCUPANCY BEDROOM BEDROOM REQUIREMENTS -T-- ........... .......... .......... .......... ........... .......... .......... .......... . ..... .... ..... .... . .......... . .-.. ..I I -- I - - J 4 81-511 .. . .. . .. . . . . . I. 11'-4" SECONDARY SINGLE OCCUPANCY BEDROOM . .-. .. .. ... ..... .... .... ... . .. . .. . . .. . .. ... .... .. . . . .. . .. ... . .... --4 BEDROOM ARRANGEMENT SINK 18" Counter and base cabinets at each ... ... ......I... .............. ... .... .............. ............ .............. .............. ............. ...... ... 20" . ............. .............. 24"1 s ide 18" 24"1 .............. .............. ............. .............. ..... ... .... ... .. ... .. .... .. .. .. ... ... .. .. ... .. .. .. . .. .... .... ..... ..... ... ............... .. .............. 20" RANGE Counter and base cabinet at one side 21" 24" 18" 20" REFR.I.GERATOR Counter at 30" latch 15" I 36" 15" ........ ....... ....... . .... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. ... .. ........ ....... MIXING AREA Base and wall cabinet ONE BEDROOM /TWO LuiJ 30" ............. ................ .. . ....... 36" BEDROOM KITCHEN REQUIREMENTS ............... .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. .............. SINK Counter and base cabinets at each side 4 1 ............. .............. I............. ............... .............. .............. 1 30" .............. .......... 2 4" 36" 21"1 LI*.,-J.* U i -. .............. 30" .............. .... .......... ............... ............... .............. ............... RANGE Counter and base cabinet at one side 3 0' 2 4" 30" .............. ............... .............. ............... ........... ............... .............. .............. .............. .............. 30" REFRI GERATOR Counter at latch s i de 36" 3 0" 1 5" 15" ....... ...... .. .............. .... ....... MIXING AREA 3 6" Base and wall cabinet THREE BEDROOM ....... ....... ...... ....... .......... ............... /FOUR BEDROOM KITCHEN REQUIREMENTS BATH TUB 2'-10" X 5'-0" 28" 28 for drying 5'-2" WATER CLOSET 2'-5" deep l' 21" 30" to use LAVATORY 2'-0" X 3'-0" 21" to use 3'-9" -~ WASHER 2'-2" X 2'-7" 36" to use 5 2" DRYER 2'-2" X 2'-7" 5'-2 36" 5 '-2" to use 36" WASHER/DRYER 2'-2" X 2'-7" 36" to use BATHROOM REQUIREMENTS MARKET STUDY I 1 BEDROOM I 2 BEDROOM I I 3 BEDROOM 2400 I 4 BEDROOM 2300 2200 2100 2000 1111TIT-1--fT 1900 *FAN I THES IS AU 1800 1700 eFAN T HEE1 *FAN THESIS 1600 *WAUSAU *ECODESIGli 1500 :a 1400 1300 eRESTOD *RESTON L.C.' 9FAN THESIS 1200 ( j1 eWAu U 1100 1000 *WAUSAU eWESTON qeRESTON L.C. *KELL THES IS &WESTON 900 e.RESTON L. C I.. ... ... I ... ... ... +w .0 WAUSAU 800 THESL 700 !*MICH IGAN C. 0ETFAN *R ES TO0N L. a C.s- .*WES TON 600 500 400 300 u I LIVING UNIT SQUARE FOOTAGE STUDY I 1 BEDROOM I 2 BEDROOM 3 BEDROOM 625 I 4 BEDROOM 600 575 550 525 500 475 450 OECODESIGN 425 400 *FAN 375 * FAN TI THESIS THES IS *FAN IITeW..TAUSAUL1 1 -1r IVFVVV I5 .OWAUSAU 350 ORES TON L.C. 325 ,FAN WAUSAU THESIS ORESTON L.C. 300 275 * WESTON I *RESTON L.C. leRESTON L.C oWESTON t 250 225 *WESTON 200 175 150 125 100 LIVING/DINING ROOM SQUARE FOOTAGE STUDY I 1 BEDROOM I 2 BEDROOM I I 3 BEDROOM 14-6 14-0 4 BEDROOM *WAUSAU ii' *FAN THESIS 114 4 13-6 *FAN THES I OFAN THES IS 13-0 9WESTON 12-6 12-0 11-6 11-0 *ECODESIGN e. 4 *FAN THESI 10-6 *FAN THESIS- I 10-0 9-6 9-0 ;ORES DA I @RESTON I C~i 8-6 jeRESTON L. C., *RESTON L.C d eBR EAK THRO-UGH 8-0 p UN I MOD 7-6 Rnlit B REAKi *BREAKTHROUGH I 7-0 6-6 I EAf I 6-0 5-6 5-0 *MICHIGAN C 4-6 OFAN THESIS 4-0 ill H 14144 E fff I.......... IWES TO N KITCHEN COUNTER STUDY I 2 1/2 B w D, I 1 BEDROOM I 2 BEDROOM I 3 BEDROOM *FAN 2B L w D 2B w D 4 BEDROOM THESIS eFAN THESIS.f *R ES TON L. *WAUS AU 11/2 B * w D WAUAl , h* OFAN THESISi 1B L w D 1B w D ,r I.WAUSAU *WAUS~AUl 1L-I 4 *FAN THES [*FAN THES I *WAUSAU 1UNIMOD *RESTON L.C. 1B w eFAN THESIS 1B - AES IS: -" -'~ = 3 -I 1 ORESTON L.C. eRES TON L. C. CFAN - It T fECODESIGN 1SB w D 4 WESTONWESTON 1SB w [NiwE TON 1SB ~SMICHI GAN C4 B BATHROOM SB SMALL BATHROOM L LXTORY W WASHER D DRYER UTILITIES STUDY DESIGN STUDY 1 BEDROOM 2 BEDROOM 3 BEDROOM 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 688 770 1000 1200 LEVEL 2 752 971 1253 1450 LEVEL 3 816 1172 1506 1700 LEVEL 4 880 1375 1760 1950 1 BEDROOM 2 BEDROOM 3 BEDROOM 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 235 235 280 337 LEVEL 2 272 286 324 374 LEVEL 3 310 337 368 411 LEVEL 4 350 390 412 450 LIVING UNIT SQUARE FOOTAGE LIVING / DINING SQUARE FOOTAGE DESIGN CATEGORIES 3 BEDROOM 2 BEDROOM 1 BEDROOM 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 6' 8' 8' 9 LEVEL 2 81 91 10' 11' LEVEL 3 10' 12' 13' LEVEL 4 11' 12' 14' 15' 2 BEDROOM 3 BEDROOM 4 BEDROOM KITCHEN COUNTER 1 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 ___ LEVEL 3 _ REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER __ __ ___ ___ __ _ ___ __ REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER REGULAR BATHROOM -WASHER _ .DRYER REGULAR BATHROOM DRYER 11/2 BATHROOM WASHER DRYER 2 BATHROOMS WASHER DRE DRYER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER DRYER 11/2 BATHROOM WASHER DRYER REGULAR BATHROOM LEVEL WASHER DRYER REGULAR BATHROOM WASHER DRYER 2 BATHROOMS 2 1/2 BATHROOMS WASHER WASHERE WASHER DRYERDRYER UTILITIES DESIGN CATEGORIES El E2 E3 E4 ENTRY CONFIGURATIONS Li L2 LIVING ROOM CONFIGURATIONS L3 LIVING ROOM CONFIGURATIONS B1 B2 B3 84 BEDROOM CONFIGURATIONS B5 B6 BEDROOM CONFIGURATIONS till 111111 -4.1 B7 B8 B9 BEDROOM CONFIGURATIONS LI ti I Lji It BEROIOFIUAIN B2 1 B14 BEDROOM CONFIGURATIONS Dl D2 D3 DECK CONFIGURATIONS Li H EH H2 E] --ELJ 0J 11 KITCHEN COMPONENTS L.. KI I- El -Lt=: ONE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLANS i K2 KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS TWO BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN K3 THREE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN K4 KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS FOUR BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN KITHEN CONFIGURATIONS 0 -0 -1 K7 -E I ONE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLANS KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS -- - I .~ Dl I ha I I~II uu-j rEfl __ s....mL~L 0 C I E K9 TWO BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLANS K10 KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS I 0 L.~. THREE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLANS K121 I__ _ I I KITCHE N CONFIGURATIONS I---7 K13 FOUR BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLANS KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS ONE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN TWO BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS I-- THREE BEDROOM UNIT BASIC PLAN - K17 KITCHEN CONFIGURATIONS L~I~ 71 L-1 W IwI 1] nIII uIli Ii ii IiII LI BATHROOM COMPONENTS =__ __ Cl FORCED AIR HEATING C2 I I III BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS F 00, u 0 :31 FEH 110 C3 FORCED AIR HEATING C4 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS II C5 I FORCED AIR HEATING WATER HEATER IN KITCHEN MODULE C6 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C7 FORCED AIR HEATING WATER HEATER IN KITCHEN MODULE C8 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C9 FORCED AIR HEATING - WATER HEATER IN KITCHEN MODULE Cio BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C1l HEAT PUMP AND WATER HEATER IN A COMMON SPACE C 12 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C13 HEAT PUMP AND WATER HEATER IN A COMMON SPACE C14 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C15 HEAT PUMP AND WATER HEATER IN A COMMON SPACE C16 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS C17 SECONDARY BATHROOMS C18 BATHROOM CORE CONFIGURATIONS D1 D1 L2 DI Li El DC1 L1 E3 DC2 E3 DC3 L-A DI L3 E3 DC4 DELIVERY COMPONENTS _ = - = = E4 = ___ L2 E4 DC5 88 DC6 ________________ E4 L2 DI B8 II - L2 D1 D1 E2 Li 01 = w B9 DELIVERY DC7 B14 B8 DC8 COMPONENTS DI E4 L3 K3 D1 88 B6 C2 DC9 DC10 D1 ol K5 C2 DC11 K7 Cs DC12 DELIVERY COMPONENTS D1 a ____ I I I I---- I I I II --- t: = Dl - - F I n xi - - - - LI i I[FT IH ::-==t=== K11 C1O ________ fl - Ii L//, 0 __ DC15 B10 C7 K7 D1 DC14 B10 Ca K3 Dl DC13 Cd K14 *fl- paB13 M ttt II 1 I t I H t t 1 U 1 II I I - B10 DC16 DELIVERY COMPONENTS 84 B1o B7 B13 B13 B10 82 DC17 B3 DC18 DC19 - B5 B6 DC20 DELIVERY COMPONENTS B13 B1 812 B10 L B10 B12 B1 B7 DC21 B1O B1 DC22 DC23 B10 ~U__L_ B13 B1 B3 DC24 DELIVERY COMPONENTS -1~ 0 ~J D III I 0 __ B10 B13 C17 B7 DC25 Blo C16 B3 B1 B13 B10 DC26 DC27 DELIVERY COMPONENTS 1 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 760 SO I 0 C7 DI{iI _--D UNIT 1.1 UNIT PLAN 1 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 805 SO UNIT 1.2 UNIT PLAN 1 BEDROOM LEVEL 3 849 SO UNIT 1.3 UNIT PLAN 1 BEDROOM LEVEL 4 893 SO UNIT 1.4 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 937 SQ UNIT 2.1 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 IDC19 937 SO UNIT 2.2 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 893 SQ UNIT 2.3 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 981 SQ UNIT 2A UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 981 So UNIT 2.5 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 981 SQ UNIT 2.6 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 3 1203 SQ 2.7- - _ - ___I _ 00 UNIT 2.7 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 3 1158 SQ UNIT 2.8 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 3 1158 So UNIT 2.9 UNIT PLAN 2 BEDROOM LEVEL 4 1424 SO I UNIT 2.10 UNIT PLAN 3 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 I Lik4 o 1070 SQ UNIT 3.2 UNIT PLAN 3 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 1379 SO UNIT 3.3 UNIT PLAN 3 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 D3 12 DS 7 23 EDC 1335 SO UNIT 3.4 UNIT PLAN 3 BEDROOM LEVEL 3 1680 SO UNIT 3.5 UNIT PLAN 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 1291 SO UNIT 4.1 UNIT PLAN 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 1 Li IDC 23 1335 SO UNIT 4.2 UNIT PLAN 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 1601 SQ UNIT 4.3 UNIT PLAN 4 BEDROOM LEVEL 2 DC 13 DC 18 1468 SO UNIT 4.4 UNIT PLAN 4 9EDROOM LEVEL3 1680 SO UNIT 4.5 UNIT PLAN A LEVEL 1 A LEVEL 2 CLUSTER PLANS A LEVEL 3 CLUSTER PLANS B LEVEL 1 B LEVEL 2 CLUSTER PLANS B LEVEL 3 CLUSTER PLANS C LEVEL 1 C LEVEL 2 CLUSTER PLANS |2.5 L.--.--..J- '-------- -- - - - - - ~ ~ C LEVELS 3 CLUSTER PLANS GRID LINES 13'-4" 0.C. CHASE AREA 4, =1. I-Il 1= _______________________________________________________________ 3"x10"E . OPEN WEB FLOOR JOIST 20"QC. FLOOR FRAMING PLAN -4- GRID LINES 13'-4"O.C. CHASE AREA N N 3"x10"c 4"C CEILING JOIST 16" O.C. -n CEILING FRAMING PLAN STEEL TUBE 21/2"x3" COLUMN COLUMN BASE PLATE END COLUMN STEEL TU 2 1/2"x5" IN INTERIOR COLUMN METAL SHIM AND CONNECTOR PLATE 0 GRID LINES 13'-4"O.C. +o 0 0 TWO DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION COLUMN DETAILS 3"xlO"E THREE DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION METAL SHIM AND CONNECTOR PLATE THREE DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION CORNER BRACKET END COLUMN THREE DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION COLUMN DETAILS CORNER BRACKET RIVET TWO DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION POSITION FOR BOLTING TWO DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION CONNECTOR PLATE METAL SHIM AND COLUMN BASE PLATE THREE DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION COLUMN DETAILS METAL SHIM AND CONNECTIOR PLATE THREE DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTIO 3"x10" E FOUR DELIVERY COMPONENT CONNECTION STEEL CORNER BRACE CANTILEVER CONDITION COLUMN DETAILS CONTINUOUS METAL FLASHING SECTION AT ROOF EXTERIOR WALL COLUMN BASE PLATES BOLTED TO METAL CONNECTOR 3 E 6 RIVET CONNECTION SECTION AT CEILING FLOOR CONNECTION EXTERIOR WALL GYPSUM SCREW ATTACHED TO METAL STUDS INSULATION WOODROCK SIDING OVER SHEATHING 3 E 10 OPEN WEB FLOOR JOIST STEEL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO FOOTING SECTION AT FLOOR EXTERIOR WALL r WALL DETAILS CONTINUOUS METAL FLASHING GYPSUM ATTACHED TO RESILIENT CHANNELS 3 E 6 METAL CHANNEL 4" METAL CEIUNG JOIST RIVET ATTACHED TO CHANNEL SECTION AT CEILING/ FLOOR CONNECTION INTERIOR WALL METAL STUDS ATTACHED TO 3 E 10 STEEL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO FOOTING SECTION AT FLOOR INTERIOR WALL WALL DETAILS METAL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO COLUMN BASE PLATES OPEN WEB ROOF JOIST GYPSUM ATTACHED TO RESILIENT PANELS n MINERAL FIBER 4" METAL CEILING JOIST RIVETED TO CHANNEL SECTION AT CEILING / FLOOR CONNECTION FIRE WALL GYPSUM SCREW ATTACHED TO METAL STUDS 2 1/2"x5" STEEL TUBE COL. ~~~~~~1 .. i 1" CONSTRUCTION CLEARANE 3 C10 w OPEN WEB FLOOR JOIST mww STEEL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO FOOTING ii SECTION AT FLOOR FIRE WALL I' Ii II I I Ii ii II WALL DETAILS STEEL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO COLUMN BASE PLATE SECTION AT ROOF INTERIOR WALL PLYWOOD SUBFLOOR ~~~~1 FIRE RETARDANT PLYWOOD SLIP ON PIN CONNECTION METAL CONNECTOR BOLTED TO COLUMN BASE PLATES 3 E6 4"METAL CEILING JOIST RIVET ATTACHED TO CHANNEL SECTION AT CEILING / FLOOR CONNECTION INTERIOR WALL / EXTERIOR -0 IN COLUMN GYPSUM SCREW ATTACHED TO METAL Sl MINERAL FIBER BOARD W/ METAL COVER 2 1/2"x 5" METAL COLUMN SECTION AT FLOOR EXTERIOR WALL / EXTERIOR COLUMN WALL DETAILS LATERAL SUPPLY AND RETURN VERTICAL SUPPLY AND RETURN 7Z-7 WASTE LINE COLD WATER SUPPLY HOT WATER SUPPLY KITCHEN EXHAUST BATH AND DRYER EXHAUST a J-~---__ LII 'II UNIT EXHAUST HEATING DUCT ELECTRICAL AND COMMUNICATION WATER ALTERNATE GAS SUPPLY FAN COIL SUPPLY FAN COIL VENTILATION o000 0 0 000 I- - CHASE DETAILS AIR DIFFUSER HEATING DUCT FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR E PLUMBING BRANCH w It- - mmgm % j~~:zz: HEATING SOURCE ABOVE .. IN N ~1Iiz1 lILlY j M KI 6%.' MN MECHANICAL PLAN I 114 ACCESS PANEL ACCESS PANE HEATING DUCT FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR METAL REINFORCING PLATE LA I TRANSVERSE SECTION / HEAT DUCT CONNECTION OPEN WEB FLOOR JOIST HEATING DUCT -2 LONGITUDINAL SECTION / HEAT DUCT AND FLOOR JOISTS HOT AND COLD WATER SUPPLY I )ONI WASTE LINE HEATING~ DUCT 14FATING ntICT TRANSVERSE SECTION MID SPAN / MECHANICAL DETAILS EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS - -.N N N - N N I N N N - - 1 1, EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS IZ~ I.~i1 II,~IU *i,~ii I~1 II/\II II/\IE II/\II I~I Lii EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS IL EXTERIOR WALL OPTIONS B I BL I OGRAPHY Books and Reports 1. The Building Research Division Team, Guide Criteria for the Design and Evaluation of: Operation Breakthrough, Department of Housing and Urban Development, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1970 2. Building Systems Development Incorporated, University Residential Building System, Contract Documents and Proformance Specifications, Educational Facilities Laboratories, New York, New York, June 1967 3. Building Officials and Code Administrators International 1970 Incorporated, The BOCA Basic Building Code - Fifth Edition, Interstate Printers and Publish- ers, Danville, Illinois, 1970 4. Bulbulian, Francis A. and Goodman, Joel H., "A Multi- Story Industrialized Housing System," Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 1968 5. Cornell University, "The New Building Block," Press, Ithaca, New York, 1969 Cornell 6. The Design Team 1971, "Housing Systems," University of California, Berkeley, 1971 7. Dietz, Albert G. H. and Cutler, Lawrence S., trial ized Building Systems For Housing, Indus- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1970 8. Fan, Samuel S. L., In Wood," "An Industrialized Housing System Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June 1972 9. Horayangkura, Vimolsiddhi; Intha, Chalermpol; and Surintraboon, Chumpon, An Industrialized Housing System," Massachusetts Institute of Technology, June, 1970 10. Kell, Duane A. and Rafferty, Craig E., "A Housing System: A Study Based on the Production Capabilities of the Mobile Home Industry," Massachusetts of Technology, Institute June 1972 11. Litle, William A. and Herrey, Antony, "Industrialized Housing Feasibility Study," Massachusetts tute of Technology, 1970 Insti- 12. Massachusetts Institue of Technology, Department of Architecture, "Housing Systems: Seven Studies for Factory Produced Concrete and Steel Modular Units," Limited published master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1971 13. Moller, Clifford B., and Our Mental Architectural Environment Health, Horizon Press, New York, New York, 1968 14. Quon, Norman, "A Cost Design System For Residential Building Systems," Massachusetts Institute of Technology 15. Rowland, Norman, Low Income Housing Demonstration Program, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical April 1969 Information, Springfield, Virginia, Manufacturers Printed Material 1. Bock Industries Incorporated Elkhart, Indiania 2. Wausau Homes Incorporated Wausau, Wisconsin 3. Weston Homes Incorporated Rothschild, Wisconsin 4. Westinghouse Home Systems Division Pittsburg, Pennsylvania