Thickness (m)
e to
g du
rpin
a
w
up
un
d
crustal flow in mid-crust
isos
tati
c re
b ou
nd
C
Lower
Paleozoic
Strongly folded and cleaved phyllitic
metasedimentray rocks
Latest Proterozoic
Generalized stratigraphic column for the Tucson Basin, Catalina Mountains, and surrounding region with stratigraphic relationships
(Not to scale, vertically exaggerated)
Sedimentation
Basin fill
1881
Middle Tertiary volcanic
and sedimentary rocks
?
1500
1000
636
?
540
1000
950
500-1000
Sedimentary and
volcanic rocks
1500
120
1500
1000-2300
B
SW
3000
700
2000
?
?
Laramide intrusions
Eocene Wilderness granite suite
?
Lower Cretaceous Intrusions
?
Laramide intrusions
Middle-Late Jurassic granitic intrusions
Laramide intrusions
D
Seismic reflection control
Baboquivari
Mountains
Seismic reflection control
Seismic reflection control
Seismic reflection control
Avra Valley
fault
Pirate
Fault
Catalina
core complex
Line D36
Baboquivari
Valley
Line CX12A
Redondo State
A-1 well
Altar Valley
?
D
Line
Pre-Oligocene rocks
undifferentiated
31
Line 2
Line CX12
1
?
~
Pinaleno
Mountains
Line CX13
Galiuro
Central
Mountains Galiuro
Fault
2
San Pedro
Trough
3
1
1
2
3
Aravapai-Sulphur Springs
Valley
Detachment
fault benetah the Safford Basin
4
3
2
Safford State
A-1 well
?
?
Pre-Oligocene rocks
undifferentiated
?
Progres
siv
?
i
a rp
w
p
eu
ng
ostatic rebound
s
i
e to
u
d
g due to isosta
rpin
tic
a
w
up
re
ng
arpi
upw
b ou
NE
Detachment
Surface
Safford Basin
1
Exxon State 32-1 well
bou
nd
crustal flow in mid-crust
2
Line CX16
Martinez Ranch
Fault
Tucson
Basin
?
due to isosta
arping
tic r
upw
e
3
Tertiary sedimentary rocks (Lower Miocene)
Eagle Pass Detachment
Fault
eroded “breakaway 1”
Teran Wash Fault initiation of “breakaway 3”
E
Gila
Mountains
Seismic reflection control
Catalina Detachment
Fault
due to isostatic re
bou
nd
nd
a
brittle-ductile transition zone
mylonitic
shear zone
crustal flow in mid-crust
Tertiary Granite Suite
crustal flow in mid-crust
Mid-Tertiary intrusions
Late Cenozoic basin fill (mid-Miocene-Pliocene)
crustal laye
ted detachm
rs
idga
tm
rru
nt
co
f a u lt
Altar Valley
fault
Tucson Mountains
Soza Mesa Fault - abandoned
“breakaway 2”
500-1700
600
500
C
Seismic reflection control
?
2400
2300
post-Oligocece-Early-to-Mid-Miocene
to Present
N
4500
MP
Schematic kinematic model along a transect from the Baboquivari Mountains in the southwest to the transition zone of the Colorado Plateau in the northeast
A
Lithology
Thickness (m)
200
Rift basin sediments
E x t e n s i o n Basin-Range block faulting
M i d - Te r t i a r y
Thickness (m)
500
Proterozoic
Contractional setting
Thickness (m)
Lithology
1000
Continental Platform
NE
SW
?
Basement
Extensional setting
Lithology
Exxon State 32 (~3830 m)
Well-log data (Wagner, 2005)
Pinaleno Mt./Safford Basin/
Gila Mt.
410
Volcanic rocks
Jurassic
Major unconformity
Redondo 797 (~2750 m)
Well-log data (Wagner, 2005)
1000
Volcanic and
sedimentary rocks
Upper
Latest Proterozoic to late Mississippian
Carbonate Platform deposits
Catalina Mt./San Pedro Valley/
Galiuro Mt.
Tucson Mt./Tucson Basin
Paleozoic Limestone
Upward mass transfer
Lithology
Basement
Cretaceous
NE
Laramide Orogeny
Oligocene
Paleocene
West-northwest dipping high-angle
normal faults
Middle
Early to mid-Jurassic and
Middle to late Jurassic
Mylonitic shear zone
Upper
NE
Baboquivari Mt./Altar Valley
Thickness (m)
Rift-basin
SW
NE
Quaternary
Alluvium
Deformation
Age
Pliocene
Tectonic quiescense
period
Upper
Miocene
Lower
Basin-and-Range high-angle
normal faulting
High-angle normal faulting
and rifting
Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous
Bisbee Rift Basin
Mid-Tertiary low-angle normal
faulting (detachment faulting)
Upper
~1000-2300
NE
SW
SW
~2000
Paleozoic Limestone
Continental Platform
2C
Correlation of units along a transect from the Baboquivari Mountains to the transition zone of the Colorado Plateau
?
Laramide Deformation
Crustal flow direction
Proterozoic
y
Well
locations
Plutonic rocks
B
Va
lle
NE
SW
SW
Paleozoic platform deposits of
limestone/dolomite
CX12A
2-D seismic
reflection profiles
Andesite breccia and lava tuff, lahars,
fluvial sediments
Dacite to andesite lava flows and flow
breccias with lesser fluvial conglomerate
and sandstone, eolian
quartz arenite, debris-flow
deposits
50
Kilometers
Late Cretaceous to early Tertiary (?)
Granitic and supracrustal rocks
Volcanic to shallow plutonic complexes
consisting of monzodiorite, rhyolite
porphyry, quartz-poor granite, alkali rhyolite
0
crustal flow in mid-crust
High-angle normal faulting
Rift basin sediments deposited by distal
alluvial fan and braided-stream deposits
containing sandstones and mudstones with
traces of siltstones and some large
conglomerates
Alt
ar
bo
Baboquivari Mts.
ti
Lower
~2000
A
Low-angle normal faulting
Inversion in the faulting
>2000
Rift basin sediments
Volcanic rocks
Volcanic and
sedimentary rocks
Rift-basin
High-angle normal
faulting and rifting
Lower
Upper
Middle
CX
1
~1800
~2500
Conglomeratic redbeds of alluvial fans,
braidplain and lacustrine facies,
alternation of volcanic and sedimentary
rocks that show growth strata
pin
war
to is
os
Middle
Sedimentation
Quaternary
Alluvium
Basin fill
Basin-Range block faulting
E x t e n s i o n
M i d d l e Te r t i a r y
v o l c a n i c
a n d s e d i m e n t a r y r o c k s
Sedimentary and
volcanic rocks
Tectonic quiescense
period
Age
Pliocene
Upper
Miocene
Lower
M i d - Te r t i a r y
up
sive
gres
o
r
P
e
g du
Sierrita Mts.
D4 well (2746 m)
2
e
Laramide Orogeny
?
Abbreviations
CDf: Coyote detachment fault
AVF:Altar Valley fault
AVf: Avra Valley fault
CDF: Catalina detachment fault
GDF: Galiuro detachment fault
EPD: Eagle Pass detachment fault
PF: Pirate fault
MRF: Martinez Ranch fault
MRF
D36
Mid-Tertiary (Oligocene to early Miocene)
C
Exxon State 32-1
well (3827 m)
B
AVF
Phillips Redondo
State A-1
Y
Exxon Line 2
AVf
CDf
Andesite to dacite lava and andesite to
rhyolitic tuffs intruded by dikes and plugs
y
ts.
lle
rM
Va
ste
he
inc
W
D31
Alluvial fan and braidplain facies with local
megabreccia deposits
Mostly cobble to boulder sized
conglomeratres with fine-grained
sandstones that are interbedded with
each other
ts.
s
ing
pr
-S
ur
lph
Su
NE
M
ale
n~o
M
ts.
M
X CDF
B Tucson Basin
ila
ts.
Safford Basin
Pin
GDF
on
nc
Ri
ts.
SW
CX12A
G
D
C
s.
Mt
ro
oun
d
6
1
CX
h
ug
Tro
reb
M
Lower
D
3
X1
liu
Ga
dro
Pe
isos
tat
ic
a
lin
ta
Ca
to
due
rpi n g
upwa
C
a
nt
Sa
High-angle block faulting
lation of rock
rans
mas
rd t
ses
a
upw
PF
ts.
M
Is
atic
os t
t
plif
ll u
wa
t
o
fo
Late Tertiary (mid-Miocene to Pliocene)
on
cs
Tu
Alluvial fan and braidplain facies that
contain alternation of sand and clay,
sandy clay with gravel
lita
rt o
To
yin
pan
om
c
c
a
-and-R
asin
gB
Laramide thrust faulting
Paleozoic
E
EPD
Tucson Basin
ey
Upper
Y
San Pedro trough
n
Sa
X
ll
Va
Oligocene
SW
ra
Av
Middle
Catalina core complex
re
Paleocene
Galiuro
Mountains NE
c
Upper
Major tectonic event
Jackson Mt.
Alluvial and fluvial-lacustrine deposits that
contain alternation of unconsolidated sands,
gravels and boulders
mylonitic
shear zone
PLATE 2 of 2
Shaded relief map of the study area
Sa
nt
a
M Ter
ts. e
sa
ta
Cretaceous
Schematic cross-sections along the transect
Description of rock units
g
ltin
fau
ge
an
Jurassic
Lithology
D
ai
ap
av
Ar
Deformation
A Sequential model of regional tectonic development through time along a transect from the Tucson Basin to the Galiuro Mountains
Tertiary volcanic rocks (Upper Oligocene-Lower
Miocene)
Mid-Tertiary volcanic and sedimentary rocks
(mid-Oligocene)
Mesozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks
(Lower to Upper Cretaceous)
Volcanic and sedimentary rocks (Early Jurassic)
Paleozoic Strata (Cambrian to Permian
platform deposits)
PreCambrian metamorphosed sedimentary
rocks
Plutonic rocks
Non-mylonitic preCambrian crystalline rocks
Laramide thrust fault (Late CretaceousEarly Tertiary (?)) or low-angle normal fault (?)
beneath San Pedro trough
Low-angle normal faulting in Mid-Tertiary
Mid-Tertiary detachment fault
A system of south-to-west-dipping and
east-dipping normal faults along
the southwestern and northeastern
flanks of the Galiuro Mts.
High-angle Basin and Range faulting (Late
Tertiary)
Mid-crustal flow direction
2-D seismic reflection profiles
deep exploration well
Mountains