p. 8 Cover Story – Energy Efficiency rmi.org (Rocky Mountain Institute) siemens.com/sustainable-energy p. 18 Transmission and Regulation pjm.com
pplelectric.com
siemens.com/energy/hvdc p. 26 Energy and Development tnb.com.my
sarawakenergy.com.my pln.co.id/eng (Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PLN) p. 32 Offshore Wind Power Innovations
dongenergy.de
londonarray.com
siemens.com/wind siemens.com/energy/grid-access-solutions p. 38 Service Operation Vessel – Offshore Service for
Wind Power esvagt.com
ampelmann.nl
siemens.com/energy/sov p. 46 Energy Management
siemens.com/energy-management p. 50 Combined Heat and Power ifam.fraunhofer.de
posco.com
siemens.com/record-breaking-power-plant p. 56 Oil and Gas opec.org
oil-itf.com
kcckw.com siemens.com/oil-and-gas p. 68 Essay Japan tepco.co.jp/en kyuden.co.jp/en enecho.meti.go.jp/en
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74 Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015
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The Kay Wind project in Oklahoma is proof that onshore wind energy is going from strength to strength in North America.
The growth of onshore wind energy generation continues across North America with new orders for wind turbines in the US states of Kansas, Texas, and Oklahoma as well as in the Canadian province of Ontario.
NJR Clean Energy Ventures recently awarded Siemens a
contract to supply 21 SWT-2.3-108 wind turbines, each with a power rating of 2.3 megawatts and a rotor diameter of
108 meters, for its 48-megawatt Alexander wind project in
Kansas. In Texas, Pattern Energy Group LP awarded Siemens a contract to supply and install 87 SWT-2.3-108 turbines for the 200-megawatt Logan’s Gap wind project. Apex Clean
Energy awarded Siemens an order for 130 SWT-2.3-108 turbines with a total capacity of 299 megawatts in Oklahoma.
In addition, Grand Bend Wind Limited Partnership awarded Siemens a contract to supply, install, and commission
40 SWT-3.2-113 direct-drive turbines in Ontario.
This year, Siemens also introduced its first turbine specifically designed to meet the needs of customers in the Americas, where low and medium wind speeds prevail. The SWT-2.3-120 will be built in the USA, with serial production beginning in
2017. “With the SWT-2.3-120, we have been able to achieve an industry-leading capacity factor of over 60 percent for a nearly 10 percent improvement in AEP (annual energy production) under design conditions,” says Markus Tacke, CEO of the
Siemens Wind Power and Renewables Division. “ The SWT-2.3-120 offers excellent returns on investment for years to come.”
Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015 75

Dubai’s population is growing steadily, consuming an ever-increasing amount of electricity.
Every year, Dubai’s population grows by about 100,000 people, a pace that saw the emirate’s population double over the past decade to more than 2.2 million. Tourist visits are also seeing a steady increase – up
8 percent in 2014 to more than 13 million a year – with 20 million as the target by 2020. In addition, Dubai is expected to host 25 million visitors for World Expo 2020, and planners are busy preparing the appropriate
infrastructure.
Ensuring sufficient and reliable access to electricity is therefore crucial to
Dubai’s plans to further solidify its position as an international business and leisure hub. The government-owned utility Dubai Electricity and Water
Authority (DEWA) is responsible for building sustainable systems for the production, transmission, and distribution of electricity and water in the region.
To help Dubai power its next wave of growth, DEWA has selected Siemens to build a new high-efficiency 700-megawatt combined cycle power plant at the Jebel Ali Station complex. Once operational in the second quarter of 2018, the Siemens addition will give the Jebel Ali Station complex a total capacity of 2,760 megawatts.
The Siemens turnkey solution includes two F-class gas turbines, two heat recovery steam generators supplied by NEM, three Siemens generators, a Siemens back-pressure steam turbine, and a Siemens instrumentation and control system. DEWA says the Siemens expansion will significantly increase the plant’s thermal efficiency.
Denmark is a champion of wind energy. In
2014, wind turbines generated as much as
39.1 percent of its electricity, with renewables accounting for more than 52 percent of the energy consumption. And the Danish government is aiming even higher: By 2020, half of its power is to be generated from wind energy.
However, increasing the share of renewables poses a challenge to grid stability.
This is why Energinet.dk, which owns the Danish electricity and gas transmission system, placed three orders with Siemens for turnkey delivery of synchronous condenser solutions for the Bjæverskov, Fraugde, and Herslev
substations. They were handed over to the customer earlier this year, the last one in
Bjæverskov in May 2015. Each synchronous condenser solution can deliver more than
900 megavolt-amperes of short-circuit power and +215 /–150 megavolt-amperes of reactive power. “These are important projects for
Energinet.dk – in order to stabilize the transmission network in Denmark, and to support higher wind power generation in our country,” states Jakob Søbye, Head of substations at
Energinet.dk. Synchronous condenser solutions have recently been reintroduced worldwide to support transmission systems with short-circuit power, reactive power, and inertia.
Bjæverskov substation was the latest to be fitted with a synchronous condenser solution.
76 Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015
In Short
The new clean air compact AC switchgear for wind turbine installation.
The new generation of offshore wind power plants – operating to answer the evergrowing energy demand – increasingly use high voltage within the wind turbine
network to decrease the current and therefore the cable losses. This is where compact, environmentally friendly high-voltage switchgear can make a prime contribution.
By using vacuum interrupters and Siemens’ clean air technology, the insulation for the new 66-kilovolt gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) is fluorinated greenhouse gasfree. The clean air is compressed up to the operation pressure into the single switchgear gas compartment, consisting of a vacuum circuit breaker, disconnectors and earthing switches. Based on decades of proven component technology, the compact and maintenance-free GIS solution is designed for offshore wind turbine installations and thus contributes to fully environmentally compatible wind power.
At this Siemens-owned facility in Germany, the company will be studying the combustion processes in gas turbines.
Siemens recently commissioned a new Clean Energy Center that is a
€100 million investment toward the development of more efficient and flexible gas turbines.
The test center, which sits on a 36,000-square-meter site in Ludwigsfelde near Berlin, allows Siemens to analyze and optimize combustion processes in gas turbines under real-world conditions. The goal is to boost the
efficiency of gas turbines even further while assessing the feasibility of their use with new gaseous and liquid fuels.
“Our highly efficient gas turbine and combined cycle power plants are marked by their high degree of availability and flexibility and their low
emissions,” says Christopher Steinwachs, Head of the business segment
Large Gas Turbines within the Siemens Power and Gas Division. “In our new Berlin test center we can conduct more intensive research into burner technology independently of external test facilities, which enables us to be even more innovative.”
Power plant operators have an upgraded tool to help maximize efficiency and availability with the launch of the newly released SPPA-T3000 R7.2 control
system. The upgraded control system will be part of all of Siemens’ new power generation solutions and can be integrated with existing systems. It has an enhanced ergonomic design with a clearly arranged display of all vital functions.
During a shift changeover, operators
receive an up-to-date overview of the condition of the plant, alarm messages, as well as the shift schedule and the available resources. The “Diagnostic
Recommended” function reports the smallest unexpected changes in conditions, and a single mouse click allows operators to perform a rapid root-cause analysis to maximize availability.
The control system’s interface features a comprehensive overview of all vital functions.
Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015 77

In Short
A growing economy has pushed energy demand higher in and around Samsun, Turkey, a busy port on the Black Sea, and the completion of the nation’s most efficient fossil-fired power plant will help meet that demand for years to come.
In March 2015, independent power production company Cengiz
Enerji completed its installation of a Siemens SGT5-8000H gas turbine – the world’s most powerful gas turbine, with a gross power output of 400 megawatts – as well as an SST5-5000 steam turbine for an installed capacity of 600 megawatts.
The combined cycle power plant reaches an efficiency level of 61 percent, a new record for the 50-hertz market, and was completed two months ahead of schedule in a record construction time of just 23 months.
The SGT5-8000H gas turbine in Samsun is one of 16 H-class gas turbines currently in commercial operation worldwide, the fleet has achieved more than 170,000 cumulative
Cengiz Enerji’s Samsun power plant was completed two months ahead of schedule.
operating hours and 72 of the H-class gas turbines have already been sold worldwide. The Samsun power plant is designed for 200 starts per year and can power up to full load in less than 30 minutes after a downtime of eight hours.
“We are pleased that Cengiz Enerji’s Samsun plant was able to take up commercial operation two months ahead of schedule, thanks to our cooperation with Siemens,” says Ömer Mafa,
CEO of Cengiz. “The excellent cooperation between our two companies in the implementation phase was instrumental in achieving this. This new plant is the perfect complement to our power plant fleet.”
With Siemens’ new converter technology, capacity has been increased to
1,000 megawatts.
The year 2015 marks the occasion when two of Europe’s major countries and players on the European energy market, France and Spain, will be connected by a new high-voltage direct-current link (HVDC transmission). This power link will double the capacity for energy exchange between two major energy producers and consumers, while marking a major step toward a functional European
energy market.
The power link connects neighborhoods in the French town of Perpignan with those of the Spanish town of Figueres, 65 kilometers away. Siemens constructed the power converter stations for the HVDC link, with the capacity to transmit
2,000 megawatts in both directions. The direction can be reversed instantly (or, to be more exact, in about one-sixth of a second). In both converter stations,
alternating current is converted into direct current and vice versa. The power converters operate independently of the grid voltage. This provides for a high
level of stability in the transmission system and, consequently, a high level of reliability for power customers.
What purpose do these conversions serve? In short: energy efficiency through the increase of capacity of transmission between France and Spain. Over long distances, direct-current transmission means lower loss of energy in distribution.
With Siemens’ new converter technology, capacity has been increased to
1,000 megawatts, and restarts after power outages can be speeded up
considerably.
The new power line was built by Inelfe, a joint venture between the French and the Spanish energy companies RTE and REE.
The HVDC link between France and Spain marks a major step toward a functional
European energy market.
78 Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015
In Short
Wind turbines tend to cost money rather than generate revenue if there is no wind: When the rotor blades stand still, a wind turbine consumes active and reactive power from the grid to keep its electrical components on standby. Further revenue losses, however, may occur in contrasting conditions: If there is too much wind, grid operators will restrict wind turbines’ generating capacity in an effort to feed less wind power into the grid.
A strategy to optimize wind farm operation is to keep the blades turning, even if the grid gave the zero-percent signal, to produce enough power to supply the wind turbine’s
electrical components. In addition, a new feature in Siemens’
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) system, called “Reactive Power at No Wind,” uses a full-load frequency converter as a phase shifter and makes it possible to supply
reactive power to the grid under circumstances of no wind or curbed generation. A growing number of countries currently
allow wind farm owners to earn money by supplying reactive power exceeding the minimum requirements: Australia,
Canada, Chile, Germany, India, Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, the UK, and some states in the
USA. “Reactive Power at No Wind” not only opens up new sources of revenue, the supply of reactive power also contributes to stabilizing the grid.
Moreover, by avoiding complete standstill, a turbine can run much more evenly, thus minimizing the wear on both mechanical and power generating technology. Besides the welcome effect on operating costs, maintenance costs are also lowered, and the life span of a turbines extended by using this new
technology.
The new power plant will be located at the existing
Delimara power station near the city of Marsaxlokk in southeastern Malta.
The island nation of Malta in the sunny Mediterranean has long relied on imported heavy fuel oil for its power generation, but the construction of a 200-megawatt power plant fed by liquefied natural gas promises to
usher in clearer skies while meeting half of the nation’s energy needs.
Electrogas Malta recently awarded Siemens a contract for the turnkey construction of a combined cycle power plant that is based on three SGT-800 gas turbines, three heat recovery steam generators and one SST-900 steam turbine.
“The project is highly driven by the need for reliable,
low-cost generation and cleaner air,” says Michael Kunz,
Project Coordinator at Electrogas Malta. “ Siemens’ highperformance equipment, which operates with high efficiency and low emissions, even in part-load operation, has proven to be the solution that best fits our needs.
When the new plant is in operation, the levels of air
pollutants and the rate of fuel consumption for overall power production in Malta will be reduced considerably.”
Optimized wind farm operation saves costs and even generates revenue in conditions that require curbed generation.
The SGT-800 gas turbine combines a robust, reliable design with high efficiency and low emissions.
Living Energy · No. 12 | July 2015 79