Lesson 4.01
The Atmosphere.
Key Points:
-The air that surrounds the earth is called the atmosphere.
-The layers of the atmosphere are: Troposphere, Stratosphere,
Mesosphere, and Thermosphere.
-Warmth, Protection (Ozone Layer-Sun’s Harmful Rays)
(Meteorites also), Air, Weather.
-Questions: Where do planes fly?
Where is the Ozone Layer located?
Where does the weather happen?
Where are satellites located?
Lesson 4.02
What is Weather?
Key Points:
-Weather is the current conditions in the troposphere.
In other words, “What is going on outside right now.”
-Weather deals with: Temperature, Humidity, Visibility, Clouds,
Wind, Sunshine, Precipitation.
-Weather makes life on earth possible by giving us water to
drink and to help grow our crops.
Question: Which is weather?
It is raining today.
Or
It is usually warm in Florida.
Lesson 4.03
Things that affect Weather!
Key Points:
-The two main things that affect the Weather are:
Air Currents (Jet Stream) and Ocean Currents!
-The Jet Stream is caused by Differences of temperature, density, and
pressure between air masses.
-The Jet Stream steers storms and moves around warm and cold air.
-Ocean currents are caused by the wind.
Question:
What are the 2 main things that affect the weather?
Lesson 4.04
Fronts and Predicting the Weather.
Key Points:
-There are four different types of fronts that we are going to go over.
-A cold front is when a mass cold air moves into a mass of warm air. Since the
warm air is more dense than the cold air, the warm air is pushed away and over
the cold air.
-A warm front is when a warm air mass moves onto a cold air mass. Since the
warm air is less dense than the cold air, the warm air moves over the cold air.
-A stationary front is similar to a warm front, but the front does not move.
-An occluded front is the combination of a cold front and a warm front.
-Fronts can be used to predict the weather.
Question: How many different front types are there?
Lesson 4.05
Humidity
Key Points:
-Humidity is the amount of water vapor that is in the air.
-Humidity is caused by temperature and proximity to the ocean.
-When the air reaches 100% humidity, this means that the air
cannot hold any more water. That is when dew appears!
Question:
Can you name a place with high humidity?
Lesson 4.06
Key Points:
Clouds and Precipitation
-Steps to forming a Cloud:
Step 1: Warm air rises.
Step 2: As the air rises, it gets colder.
Step 3: The air is now colder, so the evaporated water falls out of
the air.
Step 4: The water droplets form clouds.
-3 Cloud Types
Cirrus: Cirrus clouds are very thin and wispy clouds. They do not
affect the weather much.
Stratus: Stratus clouds are long flat clouds that spread across the
sky. These clouds may bring light rain or snow.
Cumulus: Cumulus clouds are cotton-like in appearance. These
clouds produce heavy thunderstorms in the summer.
Question: Which cloud type can appear on a rainy day?
Lesson 4.07
The Water
Key Points:
-The 5 Steps to the Water Cycle are:
Cycle
Evaporation: When water from lakes, streams, and the ocean turn from
liquid water into water vapor.
Precipitation: When water falls to the Earth from the atmosphere. This can
be in the form of rain, snow, hail, or sleet.
Runoff: When precipitation gathers together and flows on the surface of the
ground and flows back to streams, lakes and oceans.
Condensation: When water vapor in the atmosphere turns back into liquid
water.
Transpiration: When water in plants evaporate into the
water vapor.
Question: True or False: The Water Cycle helps move water around the earth?
Key Points:
Lesson 4.08
Extreme Weather
Extreme weather is any weather that is different from the normal
weather that usually happens.
3 examples of extreme weather are:
Hurricanes: Hurricanes are large circular storms that are formed
over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that have a speed
of 75 mph or more
Tornadoes: Tornadoes are rotating columns of violent air that
make contact with the ground. The winds in a tornado can reach as
high as 250 mph. Tornadoes usually form during the summer
thunderstorms.
Floods: Floods happen when excess water covers the land.
Question: For which type of Extreme Weather do scientists use the
names of people to name the different storms that occur that year?
Your Module 4 Review
is now Complete!