Major New Deal Programs and Agencies
First Hundred Days- 1933
“Recovery”
1. National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) & National Recovery Administration
(NRA) 1933
-industrial recovery = set up codes to control production, prices, labor relations, and trade
practices
-designed to create reasonable profits for business and fair wages & hours for workers
-workers were granted the right to organize into unions and bargain collectively
-declared unconstitutional by Schechter Poultry v. U.S. in 1935
2. Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) 1933
-farm recovery = government $ (subsidies) to farmers in return for reducing production
-goal was for farm prices and farmer incomes to rise
-declared unconstitutional by U.S. v. Butler in 1936
3. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) 1933
-financial recovery = protected individual bank deposits up to $5,000
-FDIC was established by the Glass-Steagall Act (1933) = the act separated the activities
of commercial and investment banks.
4. Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) 1933
-financial recovery = provided government loans to owners of small homes to prevent
foreclosures
“Relief”
1. Public Works Administration (PWA) 1933
-created by the NIRA, federal $ to state and local governments to build roads, bridges,
dams, public works = created thousands of jobs
2. Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) 1933
-employed young people 18-25 in outdoor conservation work
-young people volunteered to work on regional environmental projects mostly in the west
3. Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) 1933
-created provisions for environmental and recreational projects
-jobs created building dams and flood-control projects along the Tennessee river.
-hydroelectric power plants were constructed to supply electricity, attract industry, and
create more jobs
4. Civil Works Administration (CWA) 1933
-hired laborers for temporary construction projects that were sponsored by the federal
government
-more than 4 million people put to work during the extremely cold winter of 1933-34
Major New Deal Programs and Agencies
Second New Deal- 1935
“Relief”
1. Works Progress Administration (WPA) 1935
-created more jobs on construction projects = hospitals, schools, parks, bridges, roads,
airports
-provided jobs for artists, writers, actors
-provided jobs for women, African Americans, Native Americans
2. National Youth Administration (NYA) 1935
-established by the WPA to prepare youth for future employment
-provided young people with part-time jobs in and around schools to encourage finishing
their education
“Reform”
1. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 1934
-created to regulate the stock market and placed limits on the trading practices of stocks
and bonds that led to the Wall Street crash of 1929
2. National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) 1935
-Wagner Act (1933) = major victory for labor movement that guaranteed workers the
right to join unions and bargain collectively
-replaced the labor provisions of the NIRA
-set up the National Labor Relations Board = government agency to enforce the law
3. Social Security Act (SSA) 1935
-created a national system of insurance for retired people over the age of 65 and
unemployment compensation for people who lost their jobs or were disabled