Cell Organelles.lecture
With the cell, Biology discovered its atom!
-Francois Jacob
Prokaryotic vs.
Eukaryotic
PROkaryotic
=
No organelles
(except ribosomes)
No nucleus ex. eubacteria & archeabacteria
Prokaryotic
=
No organelles
(except ribosomes)
No nucleus ex. bacteria
EUKaryotic
-
-have NUcleus -have organelles
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decompressor are needed to see this picture.
HOW do we
ORGANIZE cells??
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DOMAINS
Eubacteria
Archeabacteria
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
=
No organelles
(except ribosomes)
No nucleus ex. eubacteria& archeabacteria
DOMAINS
Eubacteria
Archeabacteria
Eukaryotic
DOMAINS
Eubacteria
Archeabacteria
Eukaryotic
Eukaryotic
=
Has organelles
Has nucleus ex. animals, plants, fungus, protists
Eukaryotic
=
Has organelles
Has nucleus ex. animals, plants, fungus, protists
MEMBRANE - BOUND structure inside a cell
Cell Membrane pg. 73
• Barrier around the outside of the cell & organelles.
• Made of phospholipids and proteins .
• Allows molecules to move in and out .
Cell Membrane pg. 73
• Barrier around the outside of the cell.
• Made of phospholipids and proteins .
• Allows moleculess to move in and out.
Cytoplasm pg. 75
• “Jellylike” material inside the cell.
• holds organelles .
Cytoplasm pg. 75
• “Jellylike” material inside the cell.
• Holds / surrounds organelles.
Cytoplasm pg. 75
• “Jellylike” material inside the cell.
• holds organelles.
Mitochondria pg. 76
• Takes in organic compounds
(carbs, proteins, & lipids) --> and turns them into
Energy
•
(ATP)
Mitochondria pg. 76
• Takes in organic compounds
(carbs, proteins, & lipids) --> and turns them into
Energy
(ATP)
Ribosome pg. 77
• Area where proteins are made .
• “workbench of the cell”
Ribosome pg. 77
• Area where proteins are made .
• “workbench of the cell”
Ribosome pg. 77
• Area where proteins are made .
• “workbench of the cell”
Endoplasmic
Reticulum pg. 78
• “highway” that moves molecules another.
• Rough ER - has ribosomes on the outside.
• Smooth ER - has NO ribosomes on the outside.
Endoplasmic
Reticulum pg. 78
• “highway” that moves items in the cell from one area to another.
• Rough ER - has ribosomes on the outside.
• Smooth ER - has NO ribosomes on the outside.
Endoplasmic
Reticulum pg. 78
• “highway” that moves items in the cell from one area to another.
• Rough ER - has ribosomes on the outside.
• Smooth ER - has NO ribosomes on the outside.
Golgi Apparatus pg. 78
• Molecule comes in one end.
• Molecule is transformed inside.
• Molecule gets shipped out the other end. “assembly line”
Golgi Apparatus pg. 78
• Molecule comes in one end.
• Molecule is transformed inside.
• Molecule gets shipped out the other end. “assembly line”
Golgi Apparatus pg. 78
• Molecule comes in one end.
• Molecule is transformed inside.
• Molecule gets shipped out the other end. “assembly line”
Lysosome pg. 79
• Holds enzymes that digest: food bad bacteria old cell parts “stomach”
Lysosome pg. 79
• Holds enzymes that digest: food bad bacteria old cell parts “stomach”
Lysosome pg. 79
• Holds enzymes that digest: food bad bacteria old cell parts “stomach”
Cytoskeleton pg. 79
• Made of microtubules and spindle fibers
• Help shape the cell (skeleton)
• Give the cell framework / support.
Cytoskeleton pg. 79
• Made of microtubules and spindle fibers
• Help shape the cell.
• Give the cell framework / support.
• Help move cytoplasm .
Cytoskeleton pg. 79
• Made of microtubules and spindle fibers
• Help shape the cell.
• Give the cell framework / support.
Cilia &
Flagella pg. 80
• Help the cell movement.
• (Not all cells have)
Cilia &
Flagella pg. 80
• Help the cell movement.
• “9+2” structure.
• (Not all cells have)
Cilia &
Flagella pg. 80
• Help the cell movement.
(Not all cells have)
Nucleus pg. 81
• Surrounded by nuclear envelope (membrane)
• Holds genetic material
(chromosomes)
Nucleus
pg. 81
Nucleus pg. 81
• Surrounded by nuclear envelope/membrane
• Holds genetic material
(chromosomes)
Nucleus pg. 81
• Contains Chromosomes .
• Stores hereditary info .
Chromosomes -
• DNA + protein
Nucleolus pg. 81
• Area where ribosomes are made.
• Inside nucleus.
Nucleolus pg. 81
• Area where ribosomes are made.
• Inside nucleus.
Nucleolus pg. 81
• Area where ribosomes are made.
• Inside nucleus.
Centrioles -
• Appears during mitosis.
• Help “push” the cytoplasm
Centrioles -
• Appears during mitosis.
• Help “push” the cytoplasm
Cell Wall pg. 82
• Not in animals.
• Supports the cell.
• Outside of the membrane.
• Made of cellulose
(carbohydrate).
Cell Wall pg. 82
• Outside of the membrane.
Cell Wall pg. 82
• Not in animals.
• Supports the cell.
• Outside of the membrane.
• Made of cellulose
(carbohydrate) we cannot digest
.
Vacuole pg. 73
• Mostly in plants.
• Stores waste, water or enzymes .
• “water tank”
Vacuole pg. 73
• Mostly in plants.
• Stores waste, water or enzymes .
• “water tank”
Vacuole pg. 73
• Mostly in plants.
• Stores waste, water or enzymes .
• “water tank”
Plastid pg. 83
• storage “suitcases” for pigments.
• Chloroplasts
holds the chlorophyll .
• Chromoplasts holds orange, yellow, red pigments
Plastid pg. 83
• storage suitcases for pigments.
• Chloroplasts
holds the chlorophyll .
• Chromoplasts holds orange, yellow, red pigments
Plastid pg. 83
• storage suitcases for pigments.
• Chloroplasts
holds the chlorophyll .
• Chromoplasts holds orange, yellow, red pigments
