3 Balancing Equations Word Equations What is the big idea? The universe is balanced! Balance the equation 2__Al(s) + __ 3 I2(g) Al Reactants 2 I 6 2 AlI3(s) __ Products Al 2 I 6 Each element has the same number on each side You can only put coefficients in front of each formula The total number of atoms is the coefficient x the subscript __C3H8(s) 5 O2(g) + __3 CO2(g) 6 Oxygen 10 Oxygen + + 4 H2O(g) __ 4 10 Oxygen ½ is allowed but not ¼………. Oxygen __C8H18(s) + 12.5 __ O2(g) 25 Oxygen 8 CO2(g) __ + 9 H2O(g) __ 16 Oxygen + 9 25 Oxygen ½ is allowed but not ¼………. Oxygen Phase Symbols (s) solid Fe(s) (l) liquid H2O(l) (g) gaseous O2(g) (aq) aqueous NaCl(aq) dissolved in water Common Acids HCl Hydrochloric Acid Stomach H2SO4 Sulphuric Acid Acid Rain H3PO4 Phosphoric Acid Coke HNO3 Nitric Acid Dissolving metals Fluoride Treatment CH3COOH Acetic Acid Vinegar H2CO3 Carbonated Beverages Carbonic Acid Hydrates MgSO4.5H2O Magnesium sulphate pentahydrate BaCl2.6H2O Barium chloride hexahydrate FeSO4.H2O Iron II sulphate monohydrate Greek prefixes 1 – mono 7 - hepta 2 – di 8 - octa 3 – tri 9 – nona 4 – tetra 10 - deca 5 – penta 11 - undeca 6 - hexa 12 - dodeca Word Equations A solution of barium phosphate is mixed with aqueous sodium sulphate to yield solid barium sulphate and aqueous sodium phosphate. Ba3(PO4)2(aq) + 3 Na2SO4(aq) → 3 BaSO4(s) + 2 Na3PO4(aq) A solution of aluminum chloride, carbon dioxide, and water can be prepared by mixing pure aluminum carbonate with a solution of hydrochloric acid. Al2(CO3)3(s) + 6 HCl(aq) 3 CO2(g) + 2 AlCl3(aq) +3 H2O(l) What happens if you mix? and Combustible Material Oxidizing Material Who wants to try it? Demo: Solid sucrose reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and energy. The catalyst H2SO4 initiates the reaction. C12H22O11(s) + 12 O2(g) H2SO4 12 CO2(g) + 11 H2O(l) + energy The catalyst goes on top of the arrow Workbook Assignment # 3