Biology 242 - Human Anatomy & Physiology 2
Instructor: Regina Hoffman, Ph.D.
Tacoma Community College Spring 2015
Sections A 5125 and B 5126
Course Overview:
The human body is an intricate and complex structure. Basic knowledge of human biology
prepares one to make better health care decisions for oneself and family, as well as become an
informed advocate in interactions with the medical community. Many students in the course are
preparing for a career in health care; an understanding of the body’s workings is critical for any
of the medical and allied health professions.
CourseDescription:
This is the second of a two-quarter sequence of human anatomy and physiology. This course
will examine the endocrine system, blood, the cardiovascular system, the lymphatic system, the
immune system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system and the
reproductive system. The course will consist of both lectures and laboratory sessions. The
laboratory sessions will include the study of histology, anatomical models, your own body, and
the human cadaver.
Prerequisites:
Biology 241 with a grade of C or higher.
Time and Location:
Lecture:
MTWTh
Lab:
Section A MW
Section B TTh
8:30-9:20am
9:30am-11:20am
9:30am-11:20am
Rm 15-203
Rm: 15:227L
Rm: 15-227L
Contact the Instructor:
Regina Hoffman, Ph.D.
Office: Rm 15-132
Telephone: (253) 566-5060
Email: rhoffman@tacomacc.edu
***Please e-mail me instead of calling***
Office hours: Weds 11:20 – 12:50pm (in 15-132)
Required Texts and Materials:
● Saladin. 2015. Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function 7th ed. McGraw
Hill, Inc. Any edition of the text is fine.
● Lab Manual (available through Canvas)
● Computer and internet access is required for this course.
Suggested Materials: Histology/photo atlas
Website for the course: Canvas
College Learning Outcomes and Course Objectives:
Tacoma Community College has identified six college-wide learning outcomes that form the
foundation of our educational emphasis: 1) communication (COM), 2) critical thinking (CRT), 3)
responsibility (RSP), 4) information & information technology (IIT), and 5) living and working
cooperatively (LWC).
Course Learning Objectives
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Describe how the body systems covered in the course maintain homeostasis providing specific
examples of conditions that could disrupt homeostasis and hypothesizing outcomes of homeostatic
imbalances. (1,3) (CRT)
Compare & contrast the major chemical classes of hormones. (1,3) (CRT)
Describe the anatomical relationship between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland (anterior as
well as posterior) and explain the role of the hypothalamus in the release and/or production of
pituitary hormones. (1,3) (CRT)
Identify and describe the major gross and microscopic components of the endocrine system. For the
primary hormones of major endocrine glands, describe the stimulus for release; identify the gland,
tissue/organ and the cells within that produce the hormone; name the target tissue or cells; describe
the effect(s) on the target tissue or cells; and, predict the leffect that fluctuations in levels will have on
conditions within the body; (1,3) (CRT)
Compare & contrast nervous and endocrine control of body function. (1,3) (CRT)
Identify and describe the overall composition of blood (including plasma proteins, red blood cells, the
different types of white blood cells & platelets), their functions as well as where and how they are
produced (hematopoesis) from pleuripotent hemocytoblast stem cells. (1,3) (CRT)
Discuss the structure and function of hemoglobin as well as its breakdown products. (1,3) (CRT)
Describe and differentiate between the processes of hemostasis and coagulation. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the role of RBC surface antigens (A, B, & Rh) in the determining of blood groups, antibody
production and transfusion reactions (including erythroblastosis fetalis). (1,3) (CRT)
Type a blood sample and interpret the results. (1,3,4) (CRT)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the cardiovascular system. (1,3) (CRT)
Describe and explain the major cardiovascular physiological mechanisms (including heart stimulation
& contraction, the cardiac cycle, blood flow through the heart, cardiac output, and peripheral
hemodynamics) and how their regulation facilitates cardiovascular homeostasis.
Utilize cardiovascular data gathering techniques such as auscultation/palpation of pulse, blood
pressure determination and electrocardiography and interpret the results. (1,3,4) (CRT, LWC)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the lymphatic system. (1,3) (CRT)
Describe lymph and how it is formed. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the interaction between the lymphatic system and the body’s defense mechanisms, including
both nonspecific and specific defense mechanisms as well as the physiological mechanisms behind
initiation and perpetuation of immunity. (1,3) (CRT)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the respiratory system. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the physiological mechanisms involved in ventilation, external respiration, gas transport,
internal respiration, & cellular respiration, as well as their regulation. (1,3) (CRT)
Measure, calculate and analyze respiratory volumes and capacities. (1,3,4) (CRT, LWC)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the digestive system. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the mechanisms of digestive physiology (including alimentary motility, mechanical & physical
digestion, nutrient absorption, excretion), and their regulation. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain basic nutritional and metabolic concepts. (1,3) (CRT)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the urinary system. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the mechanisms and regulation of urinary physiology (including urine formation and
excretion). (1,3) (CRT)
Analyze a urine specimen for a variety of diagnostic indicators. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain the relationship between the urinary system and the physiological regulation fluid, electrolyte
& acid/base balance. (1,3) (CRT)
Identify and describe the major gross, microscopic and cellular components of, as well as how they
facilitate the major functions of, the reproductive systems. (1,3) (CRT)
Explain how the organs/structures of the male and female reproductive systems facilitate the
processes of gametogenesis, the ovarian cycle, fertilization, pregnancy, & menstruation. (1,3) (CRT)
Grading Policy:
Lecture Grades: There will be 10 lecture exams and one cumulative final exam. I will
automatically drop your lowest lecture exam. The final exam cannot be dropped; the final exam
is the nationally given HAPS exam. Therefore at the end of the quarter, you will have 10 grades.
The average of these 10 grades will be your lecture grade. The final counts the same as a
normal test grade. Simply add your top 10 test grades together and divide by 10. This is
your final lecture grade.
Lab Grades: There will be 3 lab exams. The average of these 3 grades will be your lab grade..
Simply add your 3 lab exam grades together and divide by 3. This is your final lab grade.
Overall class grade: Your lecture grade will count 75% of your overall class grade and your lab
grade will counts 25% of your overall all class grade. You can calculate your overall class grade
as follows:
Lecture Grade (.75) + Lab Grade (.25) = Overall Class Grade
Lecture Exams: The lowest lecture exam score will be dropped. There are NO MAKE UP
EXAMS. If you receive a ‘0’ as a grade penalty for academic dishonesty, that grade will not be
eligible for being dropped.
Lab Exams: The lab exams will focus on the material from the laboratory assignments.
MAKE-UP EXAMS CANNOT BE GIVEN.
Test Question Rebuttals – All test question rebuttals must be made through e-mail.
Class Grading Scale:
A
92-100 = A
90-91 = A-
B
88-89 = B+
82-87 = B
80-81 = B-
C
78-79 = C+
72-77 = C
70-71 = C-
D
68-69 = D+
60-67 = D
E
0 – 59 = E
The dates for withdrawal are found in the academic calendar at the following
site: http://www.tacomacc.edu/academics/academiccalendar/
Requests for WI after the published date will only be granted in cases of EXTREME emergency.
Incomplete will only be granted in the case of an extreme emergency AND if most of the course
work is already completed.
Academic Dishonesty:
As stated in the TCC catalog, “Students are expected to be honest and forthright in their
academic endeavors. Cheating, plagiarism, fabrication or other forms of academic dishonesty
corrupt the learning process and threaten the educational environment for all students.”
My academic dishonesty policy is as follows:
First offense: The student will receive an F (0%) for the assignment and student
services will be contacted.
Second offense: The student will receive an F in the course and the student services
will be contacted for further potential disciplinary action.
The complete Administrative Process for Academic Dishonesty is available on the TCC website
at: www.tacomacommunitycollege.com/stuonline/policies/start.html.
Accommodations for Students with Special Needs:
Students are responsible for all requirements of the class, but the way they meet these
requirements may vary. If you need specific auxiliary aids or services due to a disability, please
contact the Access Services office in Building 7 (253) 566-5328. They will require you to
present formal, written documentation of your disability from an appropriate professional. When
this step has been completed, arrangements will be made for you to receive reasonable
auxiliary aids or services. The disability accommodation documentation prepared by Access
Services must be given to me before the accommodation is needed so that appropriate
arrangements can be made.
Attendance:
● Attendance is required at all lecture and laboratory periods. It is your responsibility to
check on announcements made during any absences.
● Arrive promptly. The instructor reserves the right to restrict your entry into class or
laboratory 5 minutes after class has started.
● Missed labs, quizzes, and exams cannot be made up.
Conduct:
● Please contribute to the learning atmosphere, clean up after yourself, and come prepared to
succeed.
● Only those students are enrolled in this course may be in the classroom. Please do not
bring children, friends, visitors, etc. to class with you without prior approval from me.
● During lab, you will perform experiments or exercises designed to illustrate some of the
principles of Biology. This may include (but not limited to) working with delicate equipment,
chemicals, preserved specimens, etc. Always conduct yourself in a safe and
appropriate manner during the lab sessions.
● Food or Beverages are not permitted in the lab room. You may have food or drink in the
lecture halls as long as it doesn’t become disruptive.
● Set pagers and cell phones in silent mode before you enter lecture or lab.
● CELL PHONE USAGE during quizzes or exams will be considered cheating.
Etiquette for Classroom Dispute Resolution:
If you have questions or concerns about this class or me, please come talk with me first. If we
are unable to resolve your concerns, you may talk next with the Chair of the Natural Sciences
Department, Rebecca, rm 15-134, (253) 460-4428. The Chair can assist with information about
additional steps, if needed.
Caveats
This syllabus and schedule are subject to change in the event of extenuating circumstances. If
you are absent from class, it is your responsibility to check for announcements made while you
were absent.
Please record your grades 
Lecture Grades:
Test #1 __________
Test #2 __________
Test #3 __________
Test #4 __________
Test #5 __________
Test #6 __________
Test #7 __________
Test #8 __________
Test #9 __________
Test #10 _________
Final Exam _______
Lab Grades:
Lab Exam #1 __________
Lab Exam #2 __________
Lab Exam #3 __________